PRESIDENCY OF THE REPUBLIC OF TÜRKİYE
THE PRESIDENCY OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS

Edition No: 2008
Public Books: 537

PROPHET MUHAMMAD SAYS...

Chief Editor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Fatih KURT

Editorial Coordinator: Yunus YÜKSEL

Prepared by: Yunus YÜKSEL

Translated by: Ayşe Zuhal SARI

Graphic - Design: Uğur ALTUNTOP

Proofreading (Turkish): Elif ERDEM

Press: İhlas Gazetecilik A.Ş.
Tel.: +90 212 454 30 00

2nd Edition, İstanbul 2022

High Board of Religious Affairs Decision No: 23.06.2021/38

ISBN: 978-625-435-083-2

2022-34-Y-0003-2008

Certificate No: 12930

© Presidency of Religious Affairs

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Foreword

There are two sources of knowledge in Islam. The first one is the Holy Qur’an, which consists of the revelations of Allah (swt), and the second one is the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (saw), which conveys the divine messages in the Holy Qur'an to people. The words, practices and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad (saw) have been preserved for centuries through “isnad/chain of narrators”, a unique method with high credibility, up to this day. The Prophet Muhammad (saw) continues to be the best example for us in every area of our lives through these hadiths.

The book in your hands has been formed through the compilation of hadiths about the principles of faith, acts of worship, fundamental moral issues and the issues concerning social life as well as the ethics, attitudes in human relations, worships and prayers of the Prophet (saw). In the creation of this work, the hadiths regarding the Islamic perspective on existence, the universe, living beings, and the material and spiritual world of human were chosen. The book in your hands was compiled from the corpus of “Islam through Hadiths”, which was prepared with the aim of introducing the Prophet’s wise and merciful world and timeless example to today’s world. May this work be beneficial to all those who read it.

The Presidency of Religious Affairs of Türkiye

ALLAH

عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ أَنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالُوا لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
«يَا مُحَمَّدُ انْسُبْ لَنَا رَبَّكَ.» فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ اللَّهُ الصَّمَدُ لَمْ يَلِدْ وَلَمْ يُولَدْ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ كُفُوًا أَحَدٌ.}

1. According to Ubayy b. Ka’b (ra), idolaters said to the Prophet (saw), “O Muhammad! Tell us about your Lord.” So Allah the Exalted revealed Surah al-Ikhlas, “Say, ʻHe is Allah, [who is] One, Allah, the Eternal Refuge. He neither begets nor is born, Nor is there to Him any equivalent.’”

(HM21538, Ibn Hanbal, V, 133)

عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عنْهُمَا قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ... قَالَ «كَانَ اللَّهُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ شَىْءٌ غَيْرُهُ ...»

2. Narrated by ʻImran b. Husayn (ra): “I went to the Prophet (saw) (when some delegations from neighboring tribes came to meet the Prophet). He said (in response to a question put to him about the beginning of creation), ʻIn past eternity, there was Allah and nothing else…’”

(B3191, Bukhari, Bad’ al-Khalq, 1)

عَنْ سَلْمَانَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى حَيِىٌّ كَرِيمٌ يَسْتَحْيِى مِنْ عَبْدِهِ إِذَا رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ إِلَيْهِ، أَنْ يَرُدَّهُمَا صِفْرًا.»

3. According to Salman al-Farsi (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Your Lord is munificent and generous, and is ashamed to turn away empty the hands of His servant when he raises them to Him.”

(D1488, Abu Dawud, Witr, 23)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:»إِنَّ لِلَّهِ تَعَالَى تِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِينَ اسْمًا مِائَةً غَيْرَ وَاحِدَةٍ مَنْ أَحْصَاهَا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ. هُوَ اللَّهُ الَّذِى لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ هُوَ الرَّحْمَنُ الرَّحِيمُ الْمَلِكُ الْقُدُّوسُ السَّلاَمُ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْمُهَيْمِنُ الْعَزِيزُ الْجَبَّارُ الْمُتَكَبِّرُ الْخَالِقُ الْبَارِئُ الْمُصَوِّرُ الْغَفَّارُ الْقَهَّارُ الْوَهَّابُ الرَّزَّاقُ الْفَتَّاحُ الْعَلِيمُ الْقَابِضُ الْبَاسِطُ الْخَافِضُ الرَّافِعُ الْمُعِزُّ الْمُذِلُّ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ الْحَكَمُ الْعَدْلُ اللَّطِيفُ الْخَبِيرُ الْحَلِيمُ الْعَظِيمُ الْغَفُورُ الشَّكُورُ الْعَلِىُّ الْكَبِيرُ الْحَفِيظُ الْمُقِيتُ الْحَسِيبُ الْجَلِيلُ الْكَرِيمُ الرَّقِيبُ الْمُجِيبُ الْوَاسِعُ الْحَكِيمُ الْوَدُودُ الْمَجِيدُ الْبَاعِثُ الشَّهِيدُ الْحَقُّ الْوَكِيلُ الْقَوِىُّ الْمَتِينُ الْوَلِىُّ الْحَمِيدُ الْمُحْصِى الْمُبْدِئُ الْمُعِيدُ الْمُحْيِى الْمُمِيتُ الْحَىُّ الْقَيُّومُ الْوَاجِدُ الْمَاجِدُ الْوَاحِدُ الصَّمَدُ الْقَادِرُ الْمُقْتَدِرُ الْمُقَدِّمُ الْمُؤَخِّرُ الأَوَّلُ الآخِرُ الظَّاهِرُ الْبَاطِنُ الْوَالِى الْمُتَعَالِى الْبَرُّ التَّوَّابُ الْمُنْتَقِمُ الْعَفُوُّ الرَّءُوفُ مَالِكُ الْمُلْكِ ذُو الْجَلاَلِ وَالإِكْرَامِ الْمُقْسِطُ الْجَامِعُ الْغَنِىُّ الْمُغْنِى الْمَانِعُ الضَّارُّ النَّافِعُ النُّورُ الْهَادِى الْبَدِيعُ الْبَاقِى الْوَارِثُ الرَّشِيدُ الصَّبُورُ.»

4. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Indeed, Allah has ninety-nine names, one hundred less one, whoever counts them (by learning and acting accordingly) will enter Paradise. He is Allah, who is the only god, the Most Merciful (to creation) (al-Rahman), the Most Beneficent (to the believers) (al-Rahim), the King (al-Malik), the Free of Deficiencies (al-Quddus), the Granter of Safety (al-Salam), the Granter of Security (al-Mu’min), the Watcher (al-Muhaymin), the Mighty (al-’Aziz), the Compeller (al-Jabbar), the Supreme (al-Mutakabbir), the Creator (al-Khaliq), the Originator (al-Bari’), the Fashioner (al-Musawwir), the Pardoner (al-Ghaffar), the Overwhelming (al-Qahhar), the Giving (al-Wahhab), the Provider (al-Razzaq), the Opener (al-Fattah), the Knowing (al-’Alim), the Taker (al-Qabid), the Giver (al-Basit), the Abaser (al-Khafid), the Exalter (al-Rafi’), the One who grants honor (al-Mu’izz), the One who humiliates (al-Mudhill), the Hearing (al-Sami’), the Seeing (al-Basir), the Judge (al-Hakam), the Just (al-’Adl), the Kind (al-Latif), the Aware (al-Khabir), the Forbearing (al-Halim), the Magnificent (al-’Azim), the Oft-Forgiving (al-Ghafur), the Grateful (al-Shakur), the Most High (al-’Aliyy), the Great (al-Kabir), the Guardian (al-Hafi), the Powerful (al-Muqit), the Reckoner (al-Hasib), the Glorious (al-Jalil), the Generous (al-Karim), the Watcher (al-Raqib), the Responder (al-Mujib), the Liberal Giver (al-Wasi’), the Wise (al-Hakim), the Loving (al-Wadud), the Majestic (al-Majid), the Reviver (al-Ba’ith), the Witness (al-Shahid), the Truth (al-Haqq), the Guarantor (al-Wakil), the Strong (al-Qawiyy), the Firm (al-Matin), the One Who Aids (al-Waliyy), the Praiseworthy (al-Hamid), the Encompasser (al-Muhsi), the One Who Begins things (al-Mubdi’), the One Who brings things back (al-Mu’id), the One Who gives life (al-Muhyi), the One Who causes death (al-Mumit), the Living (al-Hayy), the Self-Sufficient (al-Qayyum), the One Who brings into existence (al-Wajid), the Illustrious (al-Majid), the One (al-Wahid), the Master (al-Samad), the Able (al-Qadir), the Powerful (al-Muqtadir), the One who hastens (al-Muqaddim), the One who delays (al-Mu’akhkhir), the First (al-Awwal), the Last (al-Akhir), the Apparent (al-Zahir), the Inner (al-Batin), the Owner (al-Wali), the Exalted (al-Muta’ali), the Doer of Good (al-Barr), the Acceptor of repentance (al-Tawwab), the Avenger (al-Muntaqim), the Pardoning (al-’Afuww), the Kind (al-Ra’uf), the Owner of Dominion (Malik al-Mulk), the Possessor of Glory and Generosity (Dhu l-Jalali wa l-Ikram), the One who does justice (al-Muqsit), the Gatherer (al-Jami’), the Rich (al-Ghaniyy), the Enricher (al-Mughni), the Preventer (al-Mani’), the Harmer (al-Darr), the One who benefits (al-Nafi’), the Light (al-Nur), the Guide (al-Hadi), the Originator (al-Badi’), the Lasting (al-Baqi), the Inheritor (al-Warith), the Guide (al-Rashid), the Tolerant (al-Sabur).”

(T3507, Tirmidhi, Da‘awat, 82)

PRINCIPLES OF FAITH

عنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا بَارِزًا لِلنَّاسِ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِيمَانُ. قَالَ «أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكِتَابِهِ وَلِقَائِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ الآخِرِ...» فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ.»

5. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), one day Allah’s Messenger (saw) was sitting with people. A man came and asked, “O Messenger of Allah! What is imān (faith)?” Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “That you believe in Allah, His angels, His Book, meeting Him, His Messengers and that you believe in Resurrection in the Hereafter.” ... (After the man who asked this question left) Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “This was Jibril, who came to teach people their religion.”

(M97, Muslim, Iman, 5; B50 Bukhari, Iman, 37)

BELIEF IN ALLAH

عَنْ عَلِىِّ بْنِ أَبِى طَالِبٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الإِيمَانُ مَعْرِفَةٌ بِالْقَلْبِ وَقَوْلٌ بِاللِّسَانِ وَعَمَلٌ بِالأَرْكَانِ.»

6. It was narrated by ʻAli ibn Abu Talib that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Faith is confirmation with the heart, acknowledgement with the tongue, and action with the limbs of body.”

(IM65, Ibn Majah, Sunnah, 9)

حَدَّثَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمُعَاذٌ رَدِيفُهُ عَلَى الرَّحْلِ قَالَ: «يَا مُعَاذُ بْنَ جَبَلٍ» قَالَ: لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَسَعْدَيْكَ . قَالَ: «يَا مُعَاذُ! قَالَ: «لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَسَعْدَيْكَ،ثَلاَثًا» . قَالَ: «مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صِدْقًا مِنْ قَلْبِهِ إِلاَّ حَرَّمَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّارِ...»

7. Anas b. Malik (ra) reported that when Mu’adh (ra) was riding behind the Messenger of Allah on his mount, the Prophet (saw) said, “O Mu’adh!” Mu’adh replied, “At your service, O Messenger of Allah!” Again the Prophet (saw) said, “O Mu’adh!” Mu’adh said, “At your service, O Messenger of Allah!” This situation was repeated three times. After that, the Prophet (saw) said, “Whoever testifies sincerely from his heart that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His Messenger, Allah will save him from Hell fire.”

(B128, Bukhari, ʻIlm, 49)

عَنْ أَنَسٍ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَال: «ثَلاَثٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ وَجَدَ بِهِنَّ حَلاَوَةَ الإِيمَانِ، مَنْ كَانَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِمَّا سِوَاهُمَا، وَأَنْ يُحِبَّ الْمَرْءَ لاَ يُحِبُّهُ إِلاَّ لِلَّهِ، وَأَنْ يَكْرَهَ أَنْ يَعُودَ فِى الْكُفْرِ بَعْدَ أَنْ أَنْقَذَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ، كَمَا يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُقْذَفَ فِى النَّارِ.»

8. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Whoever possesses these three qualities will relish the sweetness of faith: he to whom Allah and His Messenger are dearer than all else; he who loves a man for Allah’s sake alone; and he who has as great an abhorrence of returning to unbelief after Allah has rescued him from it as he has of being cast into Hell.”

(M165, Muslim, Iman, 67)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَوْ سُئِلَ رَسُول اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَىُّ الذَّنْبِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ؟ قَالَ: «أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَهْوَ خَلَقَكَ.»

9. ʿAbd Allah (b. Mas’ud) (ra) said, “I asked the Messenger of Allah (saw), ʻWhat is the greatest sin in the sight of Allah?’ He said, ʻThat you set up a rival (in worship) to Allah although He alone created you.’”

(B4761, Bukhari, Tafsir, (al-Furqan) 2)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ وَكِيعٌ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ:
«مَنْ مَاتَ يُشْرِكُ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا دَخَلَ النَّار.َ»

10. According to ʻAbd Allah (b. Mas’ud) (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “He who dies associating anything with Allah would enter the Fire (of Hell).”

(M268, Muslim, Iman, 150)

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALLAH AND HIS SERVANTS

عَنْ مُعَاذٍ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: كُنْتُ رِدْفَ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى حِمَارٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ عُفَيْر، فَقَالَ: «يَا مُعَاذُ! هَلْ تَدْرِى حَقَّ اللَّهِ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ وَمَا حَقُّ الْعِبَادِ عَلَى اللَّهِ؟» قُلْتُ: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ. قَالَ: «فَإِنَّ حَقَّ اللَّهِ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ أَنْ يَعْبُدُوهُ وَلاَ يُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَحَقَّ الْعِبَادِ عَلَى اللَّهِ أَنْ لاَ يُعَذِّبَ مَنْ لاَ يُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا.» فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! أَفَلاَ أُبَشِّرُ بِهِ النَّاسَ؟ قَالَ: «لاَ تُبَشِّرْهُمْ فَيَتَّكِلُوا.»

11. Mu’adh (ra) reported, “I was riding behind the Prophet (saw) on the same donkey called ʻUfayr when he asked, ʻDo you know what right Allah has over his servants and what right His servants have over Him?’ I answered, ʻAllah and His Messenger know best.’ Then the Prophet said, ʻAllah’s right over His servants is that they should worship Him (alone) and should not associate anything with Him. And the servants’ right over Allah is that He should not punish those who do not associate anything with Him.’ I asked the Prophet (saw), ʻO Messenger of Allah! Should I inform the people of this good news?’ The Noble Messenger responded, ʻDo not inform them of it, lest they should become careless (by relying on this good news).’”

(B2856, Bukhari, Jihad, 46)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: أَنَا عِنْدَ ظَنِّ عَبْدِى بِى وَأَنَا مَعَهُ حِينَ يَذْكُرُنِى، إِنْ ذَكَرَنِى فِى نَفْسِهِ ذَكَرْتُهُ فِى نَفْسِى، وَإِنْ ذَكَرَنِى فِى مَلإٍ ذَكَرْتُهُ فِى مَلإٍ هُمْ خَيْرٌ مِنْهُمْ، وَإِنْ تَقَرَّبَ مِنِّى شِبْرًا تَقَرَّبْتُ إِلَيْهِ ذِرَاعًا، وَإِنْ تَقَرَّبَ إِلَىَّ ذِرَاعًا تَقَرَّبْتُ مِنْهُ بَاعًا، وَإِنْ أَتَانِى يَمْشِى أَتَيْتُهُ هَرْوَلَةً.»

12. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Allah the Lofty and Sublime says, ‘I am as near to the thought of My servant as he thinks about Me, and I am with him as he remembers Me. And if he remembers Me by himself, I also remember him by Myself; and if he remembers Me in a crowd I remember him in a crowd better than the others; and if he draws near Me by the span of a palm, I draw near him by a cubit; and if he draws near Me by the cubit I draw near him by the span of the outstretched arms. And if he walks towards Me, I rush towards him.’”

(M6805, Muslim, Dhikr, 2)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعالى قَالَ: مَنْ عَادَى لِى وَلِيًّا فَقَدْ آذَنْتُهُ بِالْحَرْبِ، وَمَا تَقَرَّبَ إِلَىَّ عَبْدِى بِشَىْءٍ أَحَبَّ إِلَىَّ مِمَّا افْتَرَضْتُه عَلَيْهِ، وَمَا زَالَ عَبْدِى يَتَقَرَّبُ إِلَىَّ بِالنَّوَافِلِ حَتَّى أَحْبَبْتُهُ، فَكُنْتُ سَمْعَهُ الَّذِى يَسْمَعُ بِهِ، وَبَصَرَهُ الَّذِى يُبْصِرُ بِهِ، وَيَدَهُ الَّتِى يَبْطُشُ بِهَا وَرِجْلَهُ الَّتِى يَمْشِى بِهَا، وَإِنْ سَأَلَنِى لأُعْطِيَنَّهُ، وَلَئِنِ اسْتَعَاذَنِى لأُعِيذَنَّهُ...»

13. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Allah said, ʻI will declare war against him who shows hostility to a pious worshipper of Mine. And the most beloved things with which My servant comes nearer to Me are what I have enjoined upon him; and My servant keeps on coming closer to Me through performing nawafil (praying or doing extra deeds besides what is obligatory) till I love him, so I become his sense of hearing with which he hears, and his sense of sight with which he sees, and his hand with which he grips, and his leg with which he walks; and if he asks Me, I will certainly give him, and if he asks My protection (refuge), I will definitely protect him.’”

(B6502, Bukhari, Riqaq, 38)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «أَقْرَبُ مَا يَكُونُ الْعَبْدُ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَهُوَ سَاجِدٌ فَأَكْثِرُوا الدُّعَاءَ.»

14. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The nearest a servant comes to his Lord is when he is prostrating himself, so make supplication (in this state).”

(M1083 Muslim, Salat, 215)

عَنْ حَبَّةَ وَسَوَاءٍ ابْنَىْ خَالِدٍ قَالا:َ دَخَلْنَا عَلَى النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يُعَالِجُ شَيْئًا فَأَعَنَّاهُ عَلَيْهِ. فَقَالَ: «لاَ تَيْأَسَا مِنَ الرِّزْقِ مَا تَهَزَّزَتْ رُءُوسُكُمَا. فَإِنَّ الإِنْسَانَ تَلِدُهُ أُمُّهُ أَحْمَرَ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قِشْرٌ. ثُمَّ يَرْزُقُهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.»

15. Habba and Sawaʾ, the sons of Khalid (al-Asadi) (ra) said, “We entered upon the Prophet (saw) when he was fixing something, so we helped him with it. Then he told us, ʻDo not despair of provision so long as your heads are still moving, for a person’s mother bears him red with raw skin, then Allah provides for him.’”

(IM4165, Ibn Majah, Zuhd, 14)

[أنَّ] عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُا زَوْجَ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَا مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ تُصِيبُ الْمُسْلِمَ إِلاَّ كَفَّرَ اللَّهُ بِهَا عَنْهُ حَتَّى الشَّوْكَةِ يُشَاكُهَا.»

16. According to ʻAisha (ra), the wife of the Prophet (saw), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “No calamity befalls a Muslim but that Allah expiates some of his sins because of it, even if it were the prick he receives from a thorn.”

(B5640, Bukhari, Marda, 1)

ANGEL - SATAN

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«خُلِقَتِ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ مِنْ نُورٍ وَخُلِقَ الْجَانُّ مِنْ مَارِجٍ مِنْ نَارٍ وَخُلِقَ آدَمُ مِمَّا وُصِفَ لَكُمْ.»

17. According to ʻAisha (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “The Angels were created out of light and the Jinns were created out of the spark of fire and Adam was created as he has been defined (in the Holy Qur’an) for you (i.e., he is fashioned out of clay).”

(M7495, Muslim, Zuhd, 60)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ لِلشَّيْطَانِ لَمَّةً بِابْنِ آدَمَ وَلِلْمَلَكِ لَمَّةً فَأَمَّا لَمَّةُ الشَّيْطَانِ فَإِيعَادٌ بِالشَّرِّ وَتَكْذِيبٌ بِالْحَقِّ وَأَمَّا لَمَّةُ الْمَلَكِ فَإِيعَادٌ بِالْخَيْرِ وَتَصْدِيقٌ بِالْحَقِّ فَمَنْ وَجَدَ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَعْلَمْ أَنَّهُ مِنَ اللَّهِ فَلْيَحْمَدِ اللَّهَ وَمَنْ وَجَدَ الأُخْرَى فَلْيَتَعَوَّذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ.»

18. According to ʻAbd Allah b. Mas’ud (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Indeed Satan has an effect on the son of Adam, and the angel also has an effect. As for Satan, it is by threatening evil repercussions and rejecting the truth. As for the effect of the angel, it is by his promise of a good end and believing in the truth. Whoever finds that, let him know that it is from Allah, and let him praise Allah for it. Whoever finds the other then let him seek refuge with Allah from Satan (the outcast).”

(T2988, Tirmidhi, Tafsir al-Qur‘an, 2)

عَنْ أَنَسٍ: ... فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَجْرِى مِنَ الإِنْسَانِ مَجْرَى الدَّمِ.»

19. According to Anas (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Satan circulates in the human body as blood circulates in it.”

(M5678, Muslim, Salam, 23: B3281, Bukhari, Bad’ al-Khalq, 11)

عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ إِبْلِيسَ قَالَ لِرَبِّهِ بِعِزَّتِكَ وَجَلَالِكَ لَا أَبْرَحُ أُغْوِي بَنِي آدَمَ مَا دَامَتْ الْأَرْوَاحُ فِيهِمْ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ فَبِعِزَّتِي وَجَلَالِي لَا أَبْرَحُ أَغْفِرُ لَهُمْ مَا اسْتَغْفَرُونِي.»

20. Abu Sa’id al-Khudri (ra) said, “I heard the Prophet Muhammad (saw) say, ʻThe devil (Iblis) said to his Lord, ʻBy Your Glory and Majesty! As long as the progeny of Adam exists on earth, I shall continuously misguide them.’ At this Allah remarked, ʻBy My Glory and Majesty! As long as they seek My forgiveness, I will go on to pardon them.’”

(HM11264, Ibn Hanbal, III, 29)

THE HOLY QUR’AN

عَنْ أَبِى سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«...وَفَضْلُ كَلاَمِ اللَّهِ عَلَى سَائِرِ الْكَلاَمِ كَفَضْلِ اللَّهِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ.»

21. According to Abu Sa’id (al-Khudri) (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “… and the superiority of Allah’s speech over the speech of others is like the superiority of Allah over His creation.”

(T2926, Tirmidhi, Fadha‘il al-Qur‘an, 25)

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ فِى خُطْبَتِهِ: «إِنَّ أَصْدَقَ الْحَدِيثِ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ وَأَحْسَنَ الْهَدْىِ هَدْىُ مُحَمَّدٍ.»

22. According to Jabir b. ʻAbd Allah (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said in one of his sermons, “The truest of words is the Book of Allah and best of guidance is the guidance of Muhammad…”

(N1579, Nasa‘i, ʻEidayn, 22)

عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«خَيْرُكُمْ مَنْ تَعَلَّمَ الْقُرْآنَ وَعَلَّمَهُ.»

23. According to ʻUthman b. ʻAffan (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The best of you is he who learns the Qurʾan and teaches it.”

(T2907, Tirmidhi, Fadha‘il al-Qur‘an, 15)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: ... فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «تَعَلَّمُوا الْقُرْآنَ، فَاقْرَءُوهُ وَأَقْرِئُوهُ فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ الْقُرْآنِ لِمَنْ تَعَلَّمَهُ فَقَرَأَهُ وَقَامَ بِهِ كَمَثَلِ جِرَابٍ مَحْشُوٍّ مِسْكًا يَفُوحُ بِرِيحِهِ كُلُّ مَكَانٍ، وَمَثَلُ مَنْ تَعَلَّمَهُ فَيَرْقُدُ وَهُوَ فِى جَوْفِهِ كَمَثَلِ جِرَابٍ وُكِئَ عَلَى مِسْكٍ.»

24. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Learn the Qur’an! Recite it and have it recited! The metaphor for the Qur’an for one who learns it, recites it and stands with it (in prayer) is a bag full of musk whose scent fills the air all around. And the metaphor for one who learns it and then sleeps while it is in his memory is a bag containing musk that is tied shut.”

(T2876, Tirmidhi, Fadha‘il al-Qur‘an, 2)

عَنْ أَبِى مُوسَى عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَثَلُ مَا بَعَثَنِى اللَّهُ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْعِلْمِ كَمَثَلِ الْغَيْثِ الْكَثِيرِ أَصَابَ أَرْضًا، فَكَانَ مِنْهَا نَقِيَّةٌ قَبِلَتِ الْمَاءَ، فَأَنْبَتَتِ الْكَلأَ وَالْعُشْبَ الْكَثِيرَ، وَكَانَتْ مِنْهَا أَجَادِبُ أَمْسَكَتِ الْمَاءَ، فَنَفَعَ اللَّهُ بِهَا النَّاسَ، فَشَرِبُوا وَسَقَوْا وَزَرَعُوا، وَأَصَابَ مِنْهَا طَائِفَةً أُخْرَى، إِنَّمَا هِىَ قِيعَانٌ لاَ تُمْسِكُ مَاءً، وَلاَ تُنْبِتُ كَلأً، فَذَلِكَ مَثَلُ مَنْ فَقُهَ فِى دِينِ اللَّهِ وَنَفَعَهُ مَا بَعَثَنِى اللَّهُ بِهِ، فَعَلِمَ وَعَلَّمَ، وَمَثَلُ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْفَعْ بِذَلِكَ رَأْسًا، وَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ هُدَى اللَّهِ الَّذِى أُرْسِلْتُ بِهِ.»

25. According to Abu Musa al-Ash’ari (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The example of guidance and knowledge with which Allah has sent me is like abundant rain falling on the earth, some of which was fertile soil that absorbed rain water and brought forth vegetation and grass in abundance. (And) another portion of it was hard and held the rain water and Allah benefited the people with it and they used it for drinking, making their animals drink from it and for irrigation of the land for cultivation. (And) a portion of it was barren which could neither hold the water nor bring forth vegetation (then that land gave no benefits). The first is the example of the person who comprehends Allah’s religion and benefits (from the knowledge) which Allah has revealed through me and learns and then teaches others. The last example is that of a person who does not care for it and does not follow Allah’s guidance revealed through me (he is like that barren land.)”

(B79, Bukhari, ʻIlm, 20)

THE PROPHET

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «أَنَا أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ فِى الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ، وَالْأَنْبِيَاءُ إِخْوَةٌ لِعَلاَّتٍ، أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ شَتَّى، وَدِينُهُمْ وَاحِدٌ.»

26. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Both in this world and in the Hereafter, I am the nearest of all the people to Jesus, the son of Maryam. The prophets are paternal brothers; their mothers are different, but their religion is one.”

(B3443, Bukhari, Anbiya, 48)

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: «إِنَّ مَثَلِي وَمَثَلَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ مِنْ قَبْلِي كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ بَنَى بَيْتًا فَأَحْسَنَهُ وَأَجْمَلَهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ لَبِنَةٍ مِنْ زَاوِيَةٍ فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَطُوفُونَ بِهِ وَيَعْجَبُونَ لَهُ وَيَقُولُونَ هَلَّا وُضِعَتْ هَذِهِ اللَّبِنَةُ؟ قَالَ: فَأَنَا اللَّبِنَةُ وَأَنَا خَاتَمُ النَّبِيِّينَ.»

27. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger said, “My similarity in comparison with the other prophets before me is that of a man who has built a house nicely and beautifully, except for a place of one brick in a corner. The people go about it and wonder at its beauty, but say, ʻWould that this brick be put in its place!’ So I am that brick, and I am the last of the prophets.”

(B3535, Bukhari, Manaqib, 18)

DEVOTION TO ALLAH AND HIS MESSENGER

عَنْ عَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «ذَاقَ طَعْمَ الْإِيمَانِ مَنْ رَضِيَ بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ نَبِيًّا رَسُولًا.»

28. ’Abbas b. ʻAbd al-Muttalib (ra) heard Allah’s Messenger (saw) say, “One who accepts Allah as Lord, Islam as religion and Muhammad as a prophet-messenger of Allah enjoys the taste of faith.”

(HM1778, Ibn Hanbal, I, 208)

عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِذَا تَشَهَّدَ قَالَ: «... مَنْ يُطِعِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ رَشَدَ، وَمَنْ يَعْصِهِمَا فَإِنَّهُ لاَ يَضُرُّ إِلاَّ نَفْسَهُ وَلاَ يَضُرُّ اللَّهَ شَيْئًا.»

29. According to Ibn Mas’ud (ra), when the Messenger of Allah (saw) gave an address, he would say, “…He who obeys Allah and His Messenger follows the right path; and he who disobeys them will harm none except himself, and he will not harm Allah in the least.”

(D1097, Abu Dawud, Salat, 221, 223)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَطَاعَنِى فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ، وَمَنْ عَصَانِى فَقَدْ عَصَى اللَّهَ...»

30. According to Abu Hurayra (ra) (saw), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever obeys me obeys Allah, and whoever disobeys me disobeys Allah…”

(M4749, Muslim, Imara, 33)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «مَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِهِ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوا.»

31. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Whatever I have commanded you, do it, and whatever I have forbidden you, refrain from it.”

(IM1, Ibn Majah, Sunnah, 1)

HEREAFTER

أَخْبَرَنِى أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيِّ يَقُولُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمُوتَ بِشَهْرٍ تَسْأَلُونِى عَنِ السَّاعَة؟ِ وَإِنَّمَا عِلْمُهَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ...»

32. According to a report of Abu al-Zubayr, Jabir b. ʻAbd Allah (ra) heard the Prophet (saw) say a month before he passed away, “You asked me about the Last Hour whereas its knowledge is with Allah…”

(M6481, Muslim, Fadha’il al-sahabah, 218)

عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«لاَ تَزُولُ قَدَمَا ابْنِ آدَمَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّهِ حَتَّى يُسْأَلَ عَنْ خَمْسٍ عَنْ عُمْرِهِ فِيمَا أَفْنَاهُ وَعَنْ شَبَابِهِ فِيمَا أَبْلاَهُ وَمَالِهِ مِنْ أَيْنَ اكْتَسَبَهُ وَفِيمَ أَنْفَقَهُ وَمَاذَا عَمِلَ فِيمَا عَلِمَ.»

33. According to Ibn Mas’ud (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The feet of the son of Adam will not move in the presence of his Lord on the Day of Judgement until he is asked about five things: His life and how he spent it, his youth and how he used it, his wealth and how he earned it and how he disposed of it, and how he acted upon what he acquired of knowledge.”

(T2416, Tirmidhi, Sifat al-Qiyamah, 1)

عَنْ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَال:
«الْكَيِّسُ مَنْ دَانَ نَفْسَهُ وَعَمِلَ لِمَا بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ، وَالْعَاجِزُ مَنْ أَتْبَعَ نَفْسَهُ هَوَاهَا وَتَمَنَّى عَلَى اللَّهِ.»

34. According to Shaddad b. Aws (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The clever person is the one who subjugates his soul, and works for what is after death. And the incapable person is the one who follows his desires and merely hopes in (forgiveness of) Allah.”

(T2459, Tirmidhi, Sifat al-Qiyamah, 25)

عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ عُمَيْسٍ الْخَثْعَمِيَّةِ قَالَتْ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «... بِئْسَ الْعَبْدُ عَبْدٌ سَهَى وَلَهَى وَنَسِىَ الْمَقَابِرَ وَالْبِلَى بِئْسَ الْعَبْدُ عَبْدٌ عَتَا وَطَغَى وَنَسِىَ الْمُبْتَدَا وَالْمُنْتَهَى...»

35. Asma bint Umays al-Khath’amiyya (ra) heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, “…What an evil servant is the one who is heedless and distracted, forgetting about the graves and the trials! What an evil servant is the one who is violent and tyrannical, forgetting his beginnings or his end!…”

(T2448, Tirmidhi, Sifat al-Qiyamah, 17)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «قَالَ اللَّهُ أَعْدَدْتُ لِعِبَادِى الصَّالِحِينَ مَا لاَ عَيْنٌ رَأَتْ، وَلاَ أُذُنٌ سَمِعَتْ، وَلاَ خَطَرَ عَلَى قَلْبِ بَشَرٍ...»

36. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Allah the Almighty said, ʻI have prepared for My pious slaves things which have never been seen by an eye, or heard by an ear, or imagined by a human being.’”

(B3244, Bukhari, Bad‘ al-Khalq, 8)

QADAR (DESTINY)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: كُنْتُ خَلْفَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا فَقَالَ: «يَا غُلاَمُ! إِنِّى أُعَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَاتٍ احْفَظِ اللَّهَ يَحْفَظْكَ احْفَظِ اللَّهَ تَجِدْهُ تُجَاهَكَ إِذَا سَأَلْتَ فَاسْأَلِ اللَّهَ وَإِذَا اسْتَعَنْتَ فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللَّهِ وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ الأُمَّةَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعَتْ عَلَى أَنْ يَنْفَعُوكَ بِشَىْءٍ لَمْ يَنْفَعُوكَ إِلاَّ بِشَىْءٍ قَدْ كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ لَكَ وَإِنِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَضُرُّوكَ بِشَىْءٍ لَمْ يَضُرُّوكَ إِلاَّ بِشَىْءٍ قَدْ كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ...»

37. Ibn ʻAbbas (ra) reported: “I was (sitting) behind the Prophet (saw) one day (while riding on something) when he said, ‘O young man! I will teach you a statement: Be mindful of Allah and He will protect you. Be mindful of Allah and you will find Him before you. When you ask, ask Allah, and when you seek aid, seek Allah’s aid. Know that if the entire creation were to gather together to do something to benefit you, you would never get any benefit except what Allah had written for you. And if they were to gather to do something to harm you, you would never be harmed except what Allah had written for you...’”

(T2516, Tirmidhi, Sifat al-Qiyamah, 59)

عَنْ أَبِى خُزَامَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! أَرَأَيْتَ رُقًى نَسْتَرْقِيهَا وَدَوَاءً نَتَدَاوَى بِهِ وَتُقَاةً نَتَّقِيهَا، هَلْ تَرُدُّ مِنْ قَدَرِ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ: «هِىَ مِنْ قَدَرِ اللَّهِ.»

38. According to Abu Khuzamah, his father (ra) said, “I asked the Messenger of Allah (saw), ʻO Messenger of Allah! Do you think that the prayers we make, the medical treatments we use, and what we seek to protect ourselves with will contradict anything from Allah’s Decree (qadar/fate)?’ He said: ʻThey are also from Allah’s Decree.’”

(T2065, Tirmidhi, Tibb, 21)

عَنْ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«مِنْ سَعَادَةِ ابْنِ آدَمَ رِضَاهُ بِمَا قَضَى اللَّهُ لَهُ وَمِنْ شَقَاوَةِ ابْنِ آدَمَ تَرْكُهُ اسْتِخَارَةَ اللَّهِ وَمِنْ شَقَاوَةِ ابْنِ آدَمَ سَخَطُهُ بِمَا قَضَى اللَّهُ لَهُ.»

39. According to Sa’d b. Abi Waqqas (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “From (the signs of) the son of Adam’s prosperity is his satisfaction with what Allah decreed for him, and from the son of Adam’s misery is his avoidance of requesting guidance from Allah, and (from the son of Adam’s misery is) his anger with what Allah has decreed for him.”

(T2151, Tirmidhi, Qadar, 15)

BELIEVER

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَال:َ
«الْمُسْلِمُ مَنْ سَلِمَ النَّاسُ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَيَدِهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُ مَنْ أَمِنَهُ النَّاسُ عَلَى دِمَائِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ.»

40. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “A Muslim is the one from whose tongue and hands human beings are safe. A Mu’min is the one human beings accept as safe regarding their lives and properties (that he would hurt neither of them).”

(N4998, Nasa‘i, Iman, 8)

حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ مَثَلَ الْمُؤْمِنِ لَكَمَثَلِ النَّحْلَةِ أَكَلَتْ طَيِّبًا وَوَضَعَتْ طَيِّبًا وَوَقَعَتْ فَلَمْ تَكْسِرْ وَلَمْ تُفْسِدْ.»

41. ’Abd Allah b. ʻAmr b. al-’As said (ra) he heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, “... By Him Who holds the soul of Muhammad in His hands! A believer is like a honeybee. It eats good things, produces good things, lands on (good places), and does not break or harm (the place it lands on.)”

(HM6872, Ibn Hanbal, II, 199; NM253, Hakim, Mustadrak, I, 110 (1/76))

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَثَلُ الْمُؤْمِنِ كَمَثَلِ خَامَةِ الزَّرْعِ يَفِىءُ وَرَقُهُ، مِنْ حَيْثُ أَتَتْهَا الرِّيحُ تُكَفِّئُهَا ، فَإِذَا سَكَنَتِ اعْتَدَلَتْ ، وَكَذَلِكَ الْمُؤْمِنُ يُكَفَّأُ بِالْبَلاَءِ ، وَمَثَلُ الْكَافِرِ كَمَثَلِ الأَرْزَةِ صَمَّاءَ مُعْتَدِلَةً حَتَّى يَقْصِمَهَا اللَّهُ إِذَا شَاءَ.»

42. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “A believer is like a fresh green plant the leaves of which move in whatever direction the wind forces them to move and when the wind becomes still, it stands straight. Such is the similarity with the believer. He bends because of tribulations (but he does not break). As for the unbeliever, he is like a cedar which remains rigid and erect until Allah breaks it when He will.”

(B7466, Bukhari, Tawhid, 31)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ
«لَيْسَ الْمُؤْمِنُ بِالطَّعَّانِ وَلاَ اللَّعَّانِ وَلاَ الْفَاحِشِ وَلاَ الْبَذِىء.ِ»

43. According to ʻAbd Allah (b. Mas’ud), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The believer does not insult the honor of others, nor curse, nor commit shameful deeds, nor is he foul.”

(T1977 Tirmidhi, Birr, 48; HM3839 Ibn Hanbal, I, 405)

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «لَا يُلْدَغُ الْمُؤْمِنُ مِنْ جُحْرٍ وَاحِدٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ.»

44. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “A believer is not stung twice (by something) from one and the same hole.”

(B6133, Bukhari, Adab, 83; M7498, Muslim, Zuhd, 63)

HYPOCRITE

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «تَجِدُ مِنْ شَرِّ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ، ذَا الْوَجْهَيْنِ الَّذِى يَأْتِى هَؤُلاَءِ بِوَجْهٍ وَهَؤُلاَءِ بِوَجْهٍ.»

45. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The worst people in the sight of Allah on Resurrection Day will be two-faced people who appear to some people with one face and to other people with another face.”

(B6058, Bukhari, Adab, 52)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو: أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «أَرْبَعٌ مَنْ كُنَّ فِيهِ كَانَ مُنَافِقًا خَالِصًا ، وَمَنْ كَانَتْ فِيهِ خَصْلَةٌ مِنْهُنَّ كَانَتْ فِيهِ خَصْلَةٌ مِنَ النِّفَاقِ حَتَّى يَدَعَهَا: إِذَا اؤْتُمِنَ خَانَ، وَإِذَا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ، وَإِذَا عَاهَدَ غَدَرَ ، وَإِذَا خَاصَمَ فَجَرَ.»

46. According to ʻAbd Allah b. ʻAmr (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Whoever has the following four (characteristics) will be a pure hypocrite and whoever has one of the following four characteristics will have one characteristic of hypocrisy unless and until he gives it up: Whenever he is entrusted (with something), he betrays (it). Whenever he speaks, he tells a lie. Whenever he makes a covenant, he proves treacherous. Whenever he quarrels, he behaves in a very imprudent, evil, and insulting manner.”

(B34, Bukhari, Iman, 24)

SUPERSTITIONS

عَنْ أَبِى مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«الشَّمْسُ وَالْقَمَرُ لاَ يَنْكَسِفَانِ لِمَوْتِ أَحَدٍ وَلاَ لِحَيَاتِهِ ، وَلَكِنَّهُمَا آيَتَانِ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُمَا فَصَلُّوا.»

47. According to Abu Mas’ud (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “There is no eclipse of the sun and the moon because of someone’s death or life, rather they are two signs amongst the signs of Allah, so pray whenever you see an eclipse.”

(B1057, Bukhari, Kusuf, 13)

حَدَّثَنَا قَطَنُ بْنُ قَبِيصَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «الْعِيَافَةُ وَالطِّيَرَةُ وَالطَّرْقُ مِنَ الْجِبْتِ.»

48. Qatan b. Qabisa (ra) reported that his father heard the Prophet (saw) say, “Augury from the flight of birds, taking evil omens, and drawing lines in the sand (for fortune telling) are superstitious.”

(D3907, Abu Dawud, Tibb, 23)

RESPONSIBILITY

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«رُفِعَ الْقَلَمُ عَنْ ثَلاَثَةٍ؛ عَنِ النَّائِمِ حَتَّى يَسْتَيْقِظَ، وَعَنِ الْمُبْتَلَى حَتَّى يَبْرَأَ، وَعَنِ الصَّبِىِّ حَتَّى يَكْبَرَ.»

49. According to ʻAisha (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Three people are exempt from responsibility, a sleeper until he awakens, an insane person until he recovers, and a child until he reaches puberty.”

(D4398, Abu Dawud, Hudud, 17)

عَنْ أَبِى ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِىِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَجَاوَزَ عَنْ أُمَّتِى الْخَطَأَ وَالنِّسْيَانَ وَمَا اسْتُكْرِهُوا عَلَيْهِ.»

50. According to Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Allah does not hold responsible my ummah for the actions performed by mistake, by forgetting, and under compulsion.”

(IM2043, Ibn Majah, Talaq, 16)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى تَجَاوَزَ عَنْ أُمَّتِى كُلَّ شَىْءٍ حَدَّثَتْ بِهِ أَنْفُسَهَا مَا لَمْ تَكَلَّمْ بِهِ أَوْ تَعْمَلْ.»

51. It was narrated from Abu Hurayra that the Prophet (saw) said, “Allah the Almighty has forgiven my ummah for everything that enters the mind, so long as it is not spoken of or put into action.”

(N3463 Nasaʾi, Talaq, 22)

DU’A (SUPPLICATION)

عنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَيْسَ شَىْءٌ أَكْرَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنَ الدُّعَاءِ.»

52. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “There is nothing more honorable with Allah than du’a.”

(T3370 Tirmidhi, Daʿawat, 1; IM3829 Ibn Majah, Duʿa, 1)

عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الدُّعَاءُ هُوَ الْعِبَادَةُ» . ثُمَّ قَرَأَ وَقَالَ {رَبُّكُمُ ادْعُونِى أَسْتَجِبْ لَكُمْ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَتِى سَيَدْخُلُونَ جَهَنَّمَ دَاخِرِينَ.}

53. According to al-Nuʿman b. Bashir (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The prayer (du’a) is worship.” Then he recited from the Holy Qur’an, “Your Lord says, ʻCall on Me and I will answer you; those who are too proud to serve Me will enter Hell humiliated.’”

(Muʾmin, 40/60; T3372 Tirmidhi, Daʿawat, 1; D1479 Abu Dawud, Witr, 23)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«ادْعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَنْتُمْ مُوقِنُونَ بِالإِجَابَةِ، وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَسْتَجِيبُ دُعَاءً مِنْ قَلْبٍ غَافِلٍ لاَهٍ.»

54. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Call upon Allah while being certain of being answered, and know that Allah does not respond to a prayer from the heart of one heedless and at play.”

(T3479 Tirmidhi, Daʿawat, 65)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ؛ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«ثَلاَثُ دَعَوَاتٍ مُسْتَجَابَاتٌ لاَ شَكَّ فِيهِنَّ: دَعْوَةُ الْوَالِدِ، وَدَعْوَةُ الْمُسَافِرِ، وَدَعْوَةُ الْمَظْلُوم.»

55. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Three supplications are answered, there is no doubt about them: That of a father, that of a traveler and that of one who has been oppressed.”

(D1536, Abu Dawud, Witr, 29; T1905, Tirmidhi, Birr, 7)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «يَتَنَزَّلُ رَبُّنَا تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا حِينَ يَبْقَى ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ الآخِرُ يَقُولُ مَنْ يَدْعُونِى فَأَسْتَجِيبَ لَهُ ، مَنْ يَسْأَلُنِى فَأُعْطِيَهُ، وَمَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُنِى فَأَغْفِرَ لَهُ.»

56. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “When it is the last third of the night, our Lord the Exalted (swt) descends every night to the heaven of the world and says, ʻIs there anyone who invokes Me (demands anything from Me), that I may respond to his invocation; Is there anyone who asks Me for something that I may give (it to) him; Is there anyone who asks My forgiveness that I may forgive him?’”

(B6321 Bukhari, Daʿawat, 14)

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ:قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «مَا سُئِلَ اللَّهُ شَيْئًا أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ أَنْ يُسْأَلَ الْعَافِيَة.»

57. According to Ibn ʿUmar (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Allah has not been asked for anything more beloved to Him than afiyah (health and well-being).”

(T3515, Tirmidhi, Daʾawat, 84)

PRAISE AND GRATITUDE

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَرْضَى عَنِ الْعَبْدِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ الأَكْلَةَ فَيَحْمَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا أَوْ يَشْرَبَ الشَّرْبَةَ فَيَحْمَدَهُ عَلَيْهَا.»

58. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Allah is pleased with His servant who says "al-hamdu lillah” while taking a morsel of food and while drinking.”

(M6932, Muslim, Dhikr, 89)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«الطَّاعِمُ الشَّاكِرُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الصَّائِمِ الصَّابِرِ.»

59. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The one who eats and is grateful has the status of one who is fasting and is patient.”

(T2486 Tirmidhi, Sifat al-Qiyamah, 43; IM1764 Ibn Majah, Siyam, 55)

DHIKR

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّم: «كُلُّ كَلَامٍ أَوْ أَمْرٍ ذِي بَالٍ لَا يُفْتَحُ بِذِكْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَهُوَ أَبْتَرُ» أَوْ قَالَ: «أَقْطَعُ.»

60. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger said, “Any significant word or act that does not begin by mentioning the name of Allah the Almighty is in vain.”

(HM8697, Ibn Hanbal, II, 360)

عَنْ أَبِى مُوسَى - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَثَلُ الَّذِى يَذْكُرُ رَبَّهُ وَالَّذِى لاَ يَذْكُرُ مَثَلُ الْحَىِّ وَالْمَيِّتِ.»

61. According to Abu Musa al-Ashʿari (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The like of the one who remembers his Lord and the one who does not remember is that of the living and the dead.”

(B6407 Bukhari, Daʿawat, 66)

REPENTANCE

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «التَّوْبَةُ مِنْ الذَّنْبِ أَنْ يَتُوبَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ لَا يَعُودَ فِيه.»

62. According to ʿAbd Allah (b. Masʿud) (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Repentance from sin means turning away from it and not returning to it.”

(HM4264 Ibn Hanbal, I, 446)

عَنْ أَبِى عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : «التَّائِبُ مِنَ الذَّنْبِ كَمَنْ لاَ ذَنْبَ لَهُ.»

63. According to Abu ʿUbayda b. ʿAbd Allah (ra), his father said, “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said, ʻThe one who repents from sin is like one who did not sin at all.’”

(IM4250 Ibn Majah, Zuhd, 30)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا أَخْطَأَ خَطِيئَةً نُكِتَتْ فِى قَلْبِهِ نُكْتَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ فَإِذَا هُوَ نَزَعَ وَاسْتَغْفَرَ وَتَابَ سُقِلَ قَلْبُهُ وَإِنْ عَادَ زِيدَ فِيهَا حَتَّى تَعْلُوَ قَلْبَهُ وَهُوَ الرَّانُ الَّذِى ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ
{كَلاَّ بَلْ رَانَ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ}.»

64. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Verily, when the servant (of Allah) commits a sin, a black spot appears on his heart. When he refrains from it, seeks forgiveness and repents, his heart is polished clean. But if he returns to the sin, the black spot increases until it covers his entire heart. And that is the ʻran (stain)’ which Allah mentioned: ʻNo! Rather, the stain has covered their hearts of that which they were earning.’ (Mutaffifin, 83/14)”

(T3334 Tirmidhi, Tafsir al-Qurʾan, 83)

CLEANLINESS

حَدَّثَنِى أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الأَنْصَارِىُّ وَجَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ {فِيهِ رِجَالٌ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَتَطَهَّرُوا وَاللَّهُ يُحِبُّ الْمُطَّهِّرِينَ} قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَا مَعْشَرَ الأَنْصَارِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَثْنَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِى الطُّهُورِ فَمَا طُهُورُكُمْ.» قَالُوا: نَتَوَضَّأُ لِلصَّلاَةِ وَنَغْتَسِلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ وَنَسْتَنْجِى بِالْمَاءِ. قَالَ: «هُوَ ذَلِكَ فَعَلَيْكُمُوهُ.»

65. Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, Jabir b. ʿAbd Allah, and Anas b. Malik (ra) reported that when the Qur’anic verse, “In this mosque (i.e., in the Quba Mosque) there are men who desire to grow in purity–Allah loves those who seek to purify themselves” (Tawbah, 9/108) was revealed, the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “O company of Ansar! Allah has praised you for your cleanliness. What is the nature of your cleanliness?” They said, “We perform the wudu’ for ritual prayer and we bathe (perform the ghusl) to cleanse ourselves of ritual impurity, and we clean ourselves with water (after urinating).” Then the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “This is what it is. So adhere to it.”

(IM355, Ibn Majah, Taharah, 28)

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مِفْتَاحُ الْجَنَّةِ الصَّلاَةُ وَمِفْتَاحُ الصَّلاَةِ الْوُضُوءُ.»

66. According to Jabir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The key to Paradise is prayer, and the key to the ritual prayer is wudu (the minor ablution).”

(T4, Tirmidhi, Taharah, 1; HM14717, Ibn Hanbal, III, 341)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِبِنَاءِ الْمَسَاجِدِ فِى الدُّورِ وَأَنْ تُنَظَّفَ وَتُطَيَّبَ.

67. ʿAisha (ra) said, “The Messenger of Allah (saw) commanded us to build mosques in different localities (i.e., in the locality of each tribe separately) and that they should be kept clean and be perfumed.”

(D455 Abu Dawud, Salat, 13; T594 Tirmidhi, Jumʿa, 64)

SALAH (RITUAL PRAYER)

عنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «بُنِىَ الإِسْلاَمُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ؛ شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، وَإِقَامِ الصَّلاَةِ ، وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ ، وَالْحَجِّ ، وَصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ.»

68. According to Ibn ʿUmar (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Islam is based on five (principles): Testifying that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, (fardh/compulsory) prayer, paying zakat (alms), performing the Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca), and the fast of Ramadan.”

(B8, Bukhari, Iman, 2)

عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - أَنَّ رَجُلاً سَأَلَ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَىُّ الأَعْمَالِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ: «الصَّلاَةُ لِوَقْتِهَا…»

69. According to Ibn Masʿud (ra) a man asked the Prophet (saw), “What deeds are the best?” The Prophet (saw) said, “Performing the (daily obligatory) ritual prayers at their fixed times…”

(B7534, Bukhari, Tawhid, 48)

عَن أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنَ إِذَا كَانَ فِى الصَّلاَةِ فَإِنَّمَا يُنَاجِى رَبَّهُ...»

70. Anas b. Malik (ra) narrated that the Prophet (saw) said, “A faithful believer while in prayer is speaking in private to his Lord…”

(B413 Bukhari, Salat, 36)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ:
«أَرَأَيْتُمْ لَوْ أَنَّ نَهَرًا بِبَابِ أَحَدِكُمْ، يَغْتَسِلُ فِيهِ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ خَمْسًا، مَا تَقُولُ ذَلِكَ يُبْقِى مِنْ دَرَنِهِ؟» قَالُوا: لاَ يُبْقِى مِنْ دَرَنِهِ شَيْئًا. قَالَ: «فَذَلِكَ مِثْلُ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ، يَمْحُو اللَّهُ بِهَا الْخَطَايَا.»

71. Abu Hurayra (ra) narrated that he heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying, “If there was a river at the door of anyone of your houses and he took a bath in it five times a day, would you notice any dirt on him?” They said, “Not a trace of dirt would be left.” The Messenger of Allah (saw) then said, “That is the example of the five ritual prayers with which Allah blots out sinful deeds.”

(B528 Bukhari, Mawaqit al-salat, 6)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «أَوَّلُ مَا يُحَاسَبُ بِهِ الْعَبْدُ صَلاَتُهُ فَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْمَلَهَا وَإِلاَّ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ انْظُرُوا لِعَبْدِى مِنْ تَطَوُّعٍ فَإِنْ وُجِدَ لَهُ تَطَوُّعٌ قَالَ أَكْمِلُوا بِهِ الْفَرِيضَةَ.»

72. Abu Hurayra (ra) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The first thing for which a person will be brought to account (on the Day of Judgement) will be ritual prayer (salat). If it is complete (all well and good). Otherwise Allah will say, ʻLook and see if my servant did any voluntary ritual prayer.’ If he is found to have done voluntary ritual prayers, He says ʻcomplete his obligatory ritual prayers by them.’”

(N468 Nasaʾi, Salat, 9)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«صَلاَةُ الْجَمَاعَةِ تَفْضُلُ صَلاَةَ الْفَذِّ بِسَبْعٍ وَعِشْرِينَ دَرَجَةً.»

73. ʿAbd Allah b. ʿUmar (ra) reported that Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “The ritual prayer performed in congregation is twenty-seven times superior to the ritual prayer performed by a person alone.”

(B645 Bukhari, Adhan, 30; M1477 Muslim, Masajid, 249)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «حِينَ يَخْرُجُ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ إِلَى مَسْجِدِهِ فَرِجْلٌ تُكْتَبُ حَسَنَةً وَرِجْلٌ تَمْحُو سَيِّئَةً.»

74. According to Abu Hurayra (ra) the Prophet (saw) said, “When a man goes out of his house to go to the mosque, then with one step a merit is recorded for him and by the other a sin of his is erased.”

(N706 Nasaʾi, Masajid, 14; HM8240 Ibn Hanbal, II, 320.)

RAMADAN AND FASTING

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ إِيمَانًا وَاحْتِسَابًا غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ.»

75. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Whoever observes the fast during the month of Ramadan out of sincere faith, and hoping to attain Allah’s rewards, then all his past sins will be forgiven.”

(B38 Bukhari, Iman, 28)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«الصِّيَامُ جُنَّةٌ ، فَلاَ يَرْفُثْ وَلاَ يَجْهَلْ ، وَإِنِ امْرُؤٌ قَاتَلَهُ أَوْ شَاتَمَهُ فَلْيَقُلْ: إِنِّى صَائِمٌ مَرَّتَيْنِ…»

76. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Fasting is a shield. One who is fasting should not behave in a disrespectful manner and should not act foolishly. If someone fights with him or abuses him, he should say twice, ʻI am fasting.’”

(B1894, Bukhari, Sawm, 2)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «يَقُولُ اللَّهُ تعالى: الصَّوْمُ لِى، وَأَنَا أَجْزِى بِهِ، يَدَعُ شَهْوَتَهُ وَأَكْلَهُ وَشُرْبَهُ مِنْ أَجْلِى...»

77. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said: “Allah states, ʻThe fast is for Me and I will give the reward for it, as he (the one who observes the fast) leaves his sexual desire, food and drink for My sake.’”

(B7492, Bukhari, Tawhid, 35)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ لَمْ يَدَعْ قَوْلَ الزُّورِ وَالْعَمَلَ بِهِ فَلَيْسَ لِلَّهِ حَاجَةٌ فِى أَنْ يَدَعَ طَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ.»

78. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever does not give up false speech and act upon falsehood, Allah has no need of his leaving his food and drink.”

(B1903, Bukhari, Sawm, 8)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «رُبَّ صَائِمٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ مِنْ صِيَامِهِ إِلاَّ الْجُوعُ وَرُبَّ قَائِمٍ لَيْسَ لَهُ مِنْ قِيَامِهِ إِلاَّ السَّهَرُ.»

79. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “There are people who fast and get nothing from their fast except hunger, and there are those who pray and get nothing from their prayer but a sleepless night.”

(IM1690, Ibn Majah, Siyam, 21)

HAJJ (PILGRIMAGE)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «…وَالْحَجُّ الْمَبْرُورُ لَيْسَ لَهُ جَزَاءٌ إِلاَّ الْجَنَّةُ.»

80. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “… The reward of performance of the Hajj that is accepted by Allah is nothing except Paradise.”

(B1773 Bukhari, ʿUmra, 1)

ZAKAT (ALMSGIVING)

عَنْ أَبِى مَالِكٍ الأَشْعَرِىِّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «...الزَّكَاةُ بُرْهَانٌ...»

81. According to Abu Malik al-Ashʿari (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “... The zakat is evidence (of being a Muslim) ...”

(IM280, Ibn Majah, Taharah, 5)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا - أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ مُعَاذًا - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَقَالَ: «… فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ افْتَرَضَ عَلَيْهِمْ صَدَقَةً فِى أَمْوَالِهِمْ ، تُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَغْنِيَائِهِمْ وَتُرَدُّ عَلَى فُقَرَائِهِمْ.»

82. According to Ibn ʿAbbas (ra), the Prophet (saw) sent Muʿadh to Yemen and said, “... Tell them that Allah has made it obligatory for them to pay the zakat on their property and it is to be taken from the wealthy among them and given to the poor.”

(B1395, Bukhari, Zakat, 1)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: ...فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَفْرِضِ الزَّكَاةَ إِلاَّ لِيُطَيِّبَ مَا بَقِىَ مِنْ أَمْوَالِكُمْ...»

83. According to Ibn ʿAbbas (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Allah has made the zakat obligatory simply to purify your remaining property ...”

(D1664, Abu Dawud, Zakat, 32)

SADAQAH (VOLUNTARY CHARITY)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«مَا نَقَصَتْ صَدَقَةٌ مِنْ مَالٍ...»

84. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Giving sadaqah diminishes nothing from wealth ...”

(M6592, Muslim, Birr, 69)

عَنْ كَعْبِ بْنِ عُجْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ لِى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «...وَالصَّدَقَةُ تُطْفِئُ الْخَطِيئَةَ كَمَا يُطْفِئُ الْمَاءُ النَّارَ...»

85. Kaʿb b. ʿUjra (ra) said, “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to me, ʻGiving sadaqah extinguishes sin like water extinguishes fire.’”

(T614, Tirmidhi, Jumʿa, 79; IM4210, Ibn Majah, Zuhd, 22)

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ الصَّدَقَةَ لَتُطْفِئُ غَضَبَ الرَّبِّ وَتَدْفَعُ مِيتَةَ السُّوءِ.»

86. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Sadaqah extinguishes the Lord’s anger (it is a means by which Allah (swt) grants a person a tranquil life, and is atonement for the evil which could occur to one in return for the evil which was done) and prevents (by permission of Allah) an evil death.”

(T664, Tirmidhi, Zakat, 28)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلنَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! أَىُّ الصَّدَقَةِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ: «أَنْ تَصَدَّقَ وَأَنْتَ صَحِيحٌ حَرِيصٌ ، تَأْمُلُ الْغِنَى ، وَتَخْشَى الْفَقْرَ ، وَلاَ تُمْهِلْ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَتِ الْحُلْقُومَ…»

87. Abu Hurayra (ra) said, “A man asked the Prophet (saw), ʻO Messenger of Allah! What is the best sadaqah?’ He answered, ʻGiving sadaqah when you are healthy and ambitious, when you are hoping to become wealthy and apprehensive about poverty. Do not wait (to give sadaqah) until you are on your deathbed ...’”

(B2748, Bukhari, Wasayah, 7)

عن جابر بن عبد الله عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«كُلُّ مَعْرُوفٍ صَدَقَةٌ.»

88. According to Jabir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Every good deed is a sadaqah.”

(B6021 Bukhari, Adab, 33)

عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ذَهَبَ الْأَغْنِيَاءُ بِالْأَجْرِ يُصَلُّونَ وَيَصُومُونَ وَيَحُجُّونَ. قَالَ: «وَأَنْتُمْ تُصَلُّونَ وَتَصُومُونَ وَتَحُجُّونَ.» قُلْتُ: يَتَصَدَّقُونَ وَلَا نَتَصَدَّقُ. قَالَ: «وَأَنْتَ فِيكَ صَدَقَةٌ، رَفْعُكَ الْعَظْمَ عَنْ الطَّرِيقِ صَدَقَةٌ، وَهِدَايَتُكَ الطَّرِيقَ صَدَقَةٌ، وَعَوْنُكَ الضَّعِيفَ بِفَضْلِ قُوَّتِكَ صَدَقَةٌ، وَبَيَانُكَ عَنْ الْأَرْثَمِ صَدَقَةٌ.»

89. Abu Dharr (ra) reported, “I said, ʻO Messenger of Allah (saw)! The rich people collect all the religious rewards. They pray, fast, and perform the Hajj.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) said, ʻYou too pray, fast, and perform the Hajj.’ I said, ʻBut they give charity, and we cannot.’ Thereupon the Prophet (saw) said, ʻYou too can give charity. Taking the bone you find in the middle of the road to the side would be a charity; giving directions to those who ask for it would be a charity; helping the needy to the best of your ability would be a charity; or helping to express the purpose of a person who had difficulty to express himself would be a charity.’”

(HM21691, Ibn Hanbal, V, 152)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «... وَالْكَلِمَةُ الطَّيِّبَةُ صَدَقَةٌ...»

90. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “A beautiful word is sadaqah…”

(B2989, Bukhari, Jihad, 128; M2335, Muslim, Zakat, 56)

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنِ النَّبيِّ قَالَ: «مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ غَرَسَ غَرْسًا فَأَكَلَ مِنْهُ إِنْسَانٌ أَوْ دَابَّةٌ إِلاَّ كَانَ لَهُ صَدَقَةً.»

91. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “If a Muslim plants a tree and a human being or an animal eats of it, the food eaten from that tree will become a charity for the person who planted the tree.”

(B6012, Bukhari, Adab, 27)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: «إِذَا مَاتَ الْإِنْسَانُ انْقَطَعَ عَنْهُ عَمَلُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ ثَلاَثَةٍ؛ إِلاَّ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ جَارِيَةٍ أَوْ عِلْمٍ يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ أَوْ وَلَدٍ صَالِحٍ يَدْعُو لَهُ.»

92. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “When a man dies, his acts come to an end except the three: A recurring charity, the knowledge (by which people) benefit, and a pious child who prays for him (for the deceased).”

(M4223, Muslim, Wasiyya, 14)

QURBANI (RITUAL SACRIFICE)

عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ قَالَ: قَالَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا هَذِهِ الأَضَاحِىُّ؟ قَالَ: «سُنَّةُ أَبِيكُمْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ.»

93. According to Zayd b. Arqam (ra), the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “O Messenger of Allah! What are these sacrifices?” He replied, “They are the sunnah of your father Abraham.”

(IM3127, Ibn Majah, Adahi, 3: HM19498, Ibn Hanbal, IV, 368)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَا عَمِلَ آدَمِىٌّ مِنْ عَمَلٍ يَوْمَ النَّحْرِ أَحَبَّ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ إِهْرَاقِ الدَّمِ إِنَّه لَيَئْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِقُرُونِهَا وَأَشْعَارِهَا وَأَظْلاَفِهَا وَإِنَّ الدَّمَ لَيَقَعُ مِنَ اللَّهِ بِمَكَانٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقَعَ مِنَ الأَرْضِ فَطِيبُوا بِهَا نَفْسًا.»

94. According to ʿAisha (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “A man can do no act more beloved by Allah on Yawm al-Nahr (the 10th of Dhu al-Hijjah, the day of sacrifice) than spilling blood (that is, sacrificing an animal before Allah). On the Day of Judgement, it (the sacrificial animal) will appear with its horns, hair, and hooves; and indeed the blood will be accepted by Allah from where it was received even before it falls to the ground. Therefore let your heart delight in it.”

(T1493, Tirmidhi, Adahi, 1)

FACILITATION IN WORSHIP/RUKHSAH

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ تُؤْتَى رُخَصُهُ، كَمَا يَكْرَهُ أَنْ تُؤْتَى مَعْصِيَتُهُ.»

95. According to Ibn ʿUmar (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Just as Allah is not pleased with the violation of His prohibitions, He is pleased with the application of dispensations (that He determined).”

(HM5866, Ibn Hanbal, II, 108)

عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: كَانَتْ بِى بَوَاسِيرُ فَسَأَلْتُ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ الصَّلاَةِ. فَقَالَ «صَلِّ قَائِمًا ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَقَاعِدًا ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَعَلَى جَنْبٍ.»

96. ʿImran b. Husayn (ra) said, “I had hemorrhoids and so I asked the Prophet (saw) how I should pray. He answered, ʻPray standing up. If you can’t do that, then pray sitting down. If you can’t do that, then pray lying on your side.’”

(B1117, Bukhari, Taqsir al-salat, 19)

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِى سَفَرٍ فَرَأَى رَجُلاً قَدِ اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْهِ، وَقَدْ ظُلِّلَ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: «مَا لَهُ.» قَالُوا: رَجُلٌ صَائِمٌ . فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:« لَيْسَ الْبِرُّ أَنْ تَصُومُوا فِى السَّفَرِ.»

97. Jabir b. ʾAbd Allah (ra) said, “While on a journey the Messenger of Allah (saw) saw a man surrounded by people who were shading him. When he asked, ʻWhat is wrong with him?’ those around him said, ʻHe is fasting.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) then said, ʻIt is not good (meritorious) to fast while on a journey (if it is difficult for you or you suffer harm).’”

(M2612, Muslim, Siyam, 92)

MODERATION IN ACTS OF WORSHIP

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ...
«يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إِيَّاكُمْ وَالْغُلُوَّ فِى الدِّينِ، فَإِنَّمَا أَهْلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمُ الْغُلُوُّ فِى الدِّينِ.»

98. According to Ibn ʿAbbas (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “... O people! Beware of excess in religious matters, for those who came before you were doomed because of excess in religious matters.”

(IM3029, Ibn Majah, Manasik, 63; N3059, Nasaʾi, Manasik al-Hajj, 217)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُا أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: سُئِلَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَىُّ الأَعْمَالِ أَحَبُّ إِلَى اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: «أَدْوَمُهَا وَإِنْ قَلَّ.» وَقَالَ: «اكْلَفُوا مِنَ الأَعْمَالِ مَا تُطِيقُونَ.»

99. ʿAisha (ra) said, “The Prophet (saw) was asked, ʻWhat deed does Allah like best?’ And he answered, ʻContinuously performed deeds even though they are few.’ Then he went on to say, ʻTake upon yourselves those deeds which you have the ability to perform.’”

(B6465, Bukhari, Riqaq, 18; M1828, Muslim, Musafirin, 216)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَال:
«إِنَّ الدِّينَ يُسْرٌ ، وَلَنْ يُشَادَّ الدِّينَ أَحَدٌ إِلاَّ غَلَبَهُ ، فَسَدِّدُوا وَقَارِبُوا وَأَبْشِرُوا ، وَاسْتَعِينُوا بِالْغَدْوَةِ وَالرَّوْحَةِ وَشَىْءٍ مِنَ الدُّلْجَةِ.»

100. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Religion is easy and whoever overburdens himself in his religion will not be able to continue in that way. So you should not be extremists, take the straight path and receive the good tidings that you will be rewarded; and gain strength by worshipping in the mornings, the afternoons, and during the last hours of the night.”

(B39, Bukhari, Iman, 29)

GOOD MORALS

عنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّمَا بُعِثْتُ لِأُتَمِّمَ صَالِحَ الْأَخْلَاقِ.»

101. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “I have been sent only for the purpose of perfecting good morals.”

(HM8939 Ibn Hanbal, II, 381)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«أَكْمَلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِيمَانًا أَحْسَنُهُمْ خُلُقًا.»

102. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The most perfect believer in respect of faith is he who is best of them in manners.”

(D4682 Abu Dawud, Sunnah, 15)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ أَكْثَرِ مَا يُدْخِلُ النَّاسَ الْجَنَّةَ. فَقَالَ «تَقْوَى اللَّهِ وَحُسْنُ الْخُلُقِ.»

103. Abu Hurayra (ra) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (saw) was asked about that for which people are admitted into Paradise the most, so he said, “Fear of Allah (taqwa), and good morals.”

(T2004, Tirmidhi, Birr, 62)

عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَانَ يَقُولُ: «اَللَّهُمَّ أَحْسَنْتَ خَلْقِي فَأَحْسِنْ خُلُقِي.»

104. According to Ibn Masʿud (ra), the Prophet (saw) used to say, “O Allah! As You created my appearance beautiful, Make my character beautiful.”

(HM3823, Ibn Hanbal, I, 403)

INTENTION AND ACTION

عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّمَا الأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّةِ وَإِنَّمَا لاِمْرِئٍ مَا نَوَى…»

105. According to ʻUmar b. al-Khattab (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “(The value of) an action depends on the intention behind it. A man will be rewarded only for what he intended. ...”

(M4927 Muslim, Imarah, 155; B1 Bukhari, Bad’ al-wahy, 1)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى صُوَرِكُمْ وَأَمْوَالِكُمْ، وَلَكِنْ يَنْظُرُ إِلَى قُلُوبِكُمْ وَأَعْمَالِكُمْ.»

106. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Verily Allah does not look to your bodies and your wealth, but He looks to your hearts and to your deeds.”

(M6543 Muslim, Birr, 34)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: إِذَا هَمَّ عَبْدِى بِحَسَنَةٍ وَلَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا كَتَبْتُهَا لَهُ حَسَنَةً، فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا كَتَبْتُهَا عَشْرَ حَسَنَاتٍ إِلَى سَبْعِمِائَةِ ضِعْفٍ، وَإِذَا هَمَّ بِسَيِّئَةٍ وَلَمْ يَعْمَلْهَا لَمْ أَكْتُبْهَا عَلَيْهِ، فَإِنْ عَمِلَهَا كَتَبْتُهَا سَيِّئَةً وَاحِدَةً.»

107. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Allah, the Great and Glorious, said, ʻWhenever my servant intends to do good, but does not do it, I write one good act for him; but if he puts it into practice I write from ten to seven hundred good deeds in favor of him. When he intends to commit an evil, but does not actually do it, I do not record it; but if he does it, I write only one evil.’”

(M335 Muslim, Iman, 204; B6491 Bukhari, Riqaq, 31)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : «…فَإِنَّ أَحَبَّ الْعَمَلِ إِلَى اللَّهِ أَدْوَمُهُ وَإِنْ قَلَّ»

108. According to ʿAisha (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “... The most pleasing actions to Allah are those which are done continuously even if they amount to little.”

(D1368, Abu Dawud, Tatawwuʿ, 27)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُسْرٍ أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! مَنْ خَيْرُ النَّاسِ؟ قَالَ: «مَنْ طَالَ عُمُرُهُ وَحَسُنَ عَمَلُهُ.»

109. ’Abd Allah b. Busr narrated (ra) that a Bedouin said, “O Messenger of Allah! Who is the best of the people?” He said, “He whose life is long and deeds are good.”

(T2329 Tirmidhi, Zuhd, 21)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِى بَكْرٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَتْبَعُ الْمَيِّتَ ثَلاَثَةٌ فَيَرْجِعُ اثْنَانِ وَيَبْقَى وَاحِدٌ يَتْبَعُهُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَعَمَلُهُ فَيَرْجِعُ أَهْلُهُ وَمَالُهُ وَيَبْقَى عَمَلُهُ.»

110. ’Abd Allah b. Abu Bakr narrated from Anas b. Mālik (ra) that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Three things follow the funeral of a dead man. Two of them return and one remains with him: the members of his family, wealth and his good deeds. The members of his family and wealth return and the deeds alone are left with him.”

(M7424 Muslim, Zuhd, 5)

GOOD AND EVIL

عَنْ وَابِصَةَ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ الأَسَدِىِّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ -صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- قَالَ لِوَابِصَةَ: «…الْبِرُّ مَا اطْمَأَنَّتْ إِلَيْهِ النَّفْسُ وَاطْمَأَنَّ إِلَيْهِ الْقَلْبُ ، وَالإِثْمُ مَا حَاكَ فِى النَّفْسِ وَتَرَدَّدَ فِى الصَّدْرِ وَإِنْ أَفْتَاكَ النَّاسُ وَأَفْتَوْكَ.»

111. According to Wabisa b. Maʿbad al-Asadi (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said to him: “... Righteousness is that about which the soul feels at ease and the heart feels tranquil, and wrongdoing is that which wavers in the soul and moves to and from in the breast even though people again and again have given you their legal opinion [in its favor].”

(DM2561, Darimi, Buyuʿ, 2)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِذَا أَحْسَنَ أَحَدُكُمْ إِسْلاَمَهُ ، فَكُلُّ حَسَنَةٍ يَعْمَلُهَا تُكْتَبُ لَهُ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا إِلَى سَبْعِمِائَةِ ضِعْفٍ ، وَكُلُّ سَيِّئَةٍ يَعْمَلُهَا تُكْتَبُ لَه بِمِثْلِهَا.»

112. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “If any one of you improve (follows strictly) his Islamic religion then his good deeds will be rewarded ten times to seven hundred times for each good deed and a bad deed will be recorded as it is.”

(B42 Bukhari, Iman, 31)

عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ ... قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ سَنَّ فِى الإِسْلاَمِ سُنَّةً حَسَنَةً فَعُمِلَ بِهَا بَعْدَهُ كُتِبَ لَهُ مِثْلُ أَجْرِ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا وَلاَ يَنْقُصُ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَىْءٌ ، وَمَنْ سَنَّ فِى الإِسْلاَمِ سُنَّةً سَيِّئَةً فَعُمِلَ بِهَا بَعْدَهُ كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ وِزْرِ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا وَلاَ يَنْقُصُ مِنْ أَوْزَارِهِمْ شَىْءٌ.»

113. According to Jarir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “He who introduces some good practice in Islam, which is then followed (by people) after him, will be assured of reward like the one who followed it, but without their rewards being diminished in any respect. And he who introduces some evil practice in Islam, which is then followed subsequently (by others), will be required to bear the burden like the one who followed this (evil practice) without their burden being diminished in any respect.”

(M6800, Muslim, ʿIlm, 15)

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَفَاتِيحَ لِلْخَيْرِ، مَغَالِيقَ لِلشَّرِّ، وَإِنَّ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَفَاتِيحَ لِلشَّرِّ، مَغَالِيقَ لِلْخَيْر، فَطُوبَى لِمَنْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ مَفَاتِيحَ الْخَيْرِ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ، وَوَيْلٌ لِمَنْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ مَفَاتِيحَ الشَّرِّ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ.»

114. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Some people open the door to good and close the door to evil, and some people open the door to evil and close the door to good. Glad tidings to those in whose hands Allah places the keys to good, and woe to those in whose hands Allah places the keys to evil.”

(IM237, Ibn Majah, Sunnah, 19)

عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «لاَ تَكُونُوا إِمَّعَةً تَقُولُونَ إِنْ أَحْسَنَ النَّاسُ أَحْسَنَّا، وَإِنْ ظَلَمُوا ظَلَمْنَا، وَلَكِنْ وَطِّنُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ، إِنْ أَحْسَنَ النَّاسُ أَنْ تُحْسِنُوا، وَإِنْ أَسَاءُوا فَلاَ تَظْلِمُوا.»

115. According to Hudhayfa (b. al-Yaman) (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Do not let yourselves be opportunists, saying, ʻIf the people do good then we will do good, and if they do wrong then we will do wrong.’ Rather, if the people do good then you do good, and if they do evil, then adopt not behaving them unjustly as a principle.”

(T2007, Tirmidhi, Birr, 63)

عَنْ أَبِى ذَرٍّ قَالَ: قَالَ لِى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «اتَّقِ اللَّهَ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ وَأَتْبِعِ السَّيِّئَةَ الْحَسَنَةَ تَمْحُهَا وَخَالِقِ النَّاسَ بِخُلُقٍ حَسَنٍ.»

116. According to Abu Dharr (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Have fear of Allah wherever you are, and follow an evil deed with a good one to wipe it out, and treat the people with good behavior.”

(T1987, Tirmidhi, Birr, 55)

قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ ...سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ رَأَى مِنْكُمْ مُنْكَرًا فَلْيُغَيِّرْهُ بِيَدِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِلِسَانِهِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَبِقَلْبِهِ وَذَلِكَ أَضْعَفُ الْإِيمَانِ.»

117. Abu Saʿid (al-Khudri) (ra) said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, ʻIf one of you sees something evil, he should try to change it by hand, if not by words; and if he cannot do that either, (he should detest it) by the heart. This is the minimum required by the faith.’”

(M177, Muslim, Iman, 78)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ كَانَ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِى مِنَ الَّذِينَ إِذَا أَحْسَنُوا اسْتَبْشَرُوا وَإِذَا أَسَاءُوا اسْتَغْفَرُوا.»

118. According to ʿAisha (ra), the Prophet (saw) used to say, “O, Allah! Make me one of those who, if they do good deeds, they rejoice, and if they do bad deeds, they seek forgiveness.”

(IM3820, Ibn Majah, Adab, 57; HM26066, Ibn Hanbal, VI, 188)

LOVE

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «الْمَرْءُ مَعَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ.»

119. ʿAbd Allah b. Masʿud (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Everyone will be with those whom they love.”

(B6168 Bukhari, Adab, 96)

عَنْ أَبِى أُمَامَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَحَبَّ لِلَّهِ وَأَبْغَضَ لِلَّهِ وَأَعْطَى لِلَّهِ وَمَنَعَ لِلَّهِ فَقَدِ اسْتَكْمَلَ الإِيمَانَ.»

120. According to Abu Umama (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “If anyone loves for Allah’s sake, hates for Allah’s sake, gives for Allah’s sake and withholds for Allah’s sake, he will have perfect faith.”

(D4681, Abu Dawud, Sunnah, 15)

عَنْ أَبِى الدَّرْدَاءِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «كَانَ مِنْ دُعَاءِ دَاوُدَ يَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّى أَسْأَلُكَ حُبَّكَ وَحُبَّ مَنْ يُحِبُّكَ وَالْعَمَلَ الَّذِى يُبَلِّغُنِى حُبَّكَ اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ حُبَّكَ أَحَبَّ إِلَىَّ مِنْ نَفْسِى وَأَهْلِى وَمِنَ الْمَاءِ الْبَارِدِ.»

121. Abu al-Darda (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “(The Prophet) Dawud would supplicate as, ʻO Allah, indeed, I ask You for Your love and the love of those who love You, and for the action that will cause me to attain Your love; O Allah, make Your love more beloved to me than myself, my family and cold water.’”

(T3490 Tirmidhi, Daʿawat, 72)

MERCY

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو يَبْلُغُ بِهِ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الرَّاحِمُونَ يَرْحَمُهُمُ الرَّحْمَنُ ارْحَمُوا أَهْلَ الأَرْضِ يَرْحَمْكُمْ مَنْ فِى السَّمَاءِ.»

122. ’Abd Allah b. ʻAmr (ra) related that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The Compassionate One (al-Rahman) has mercy on those who are merciful. If you show mercy to those who are on earth, He Who is (or the ones) in the heaven will show mercy to you.”

(D4941 Abu Dawud, Adab, 58; T1924 Tirmidhi, Birr, 16)

عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«لاَ يَرْحَمُ اللَّهُ مَنْ لاَ يَرْحَمُ النَّاسَ.»

123. Jarir b ʻAbd Allah (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Allah will not be merciful to those who are not merciful to humankind.”

(B7376 Bukhari, Tawhid, 2; M6030 Muslim, Fadaʾil, 66)

TAQWA (PIETY)

عَنْ أَبِى ذَرٍّ قَالَ: قَالَ لِى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «اتَّقِ اللَّهَ حَيْثُمَا كُنْتَ وَأَتْبِعِ السَّيِّئَةَ الْحَسَنَةَ تَمْحُهَا وَخَالِقِ النَّاسَ بِخُلُقٍ حَسَنٍ.»

124. Abu Dharr (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said to him, “Have consciousness of Allah wherever you are, and follow an evil deed with a good one to wipe the former out, and treat people with good behavior.”

(T1987 Tirmidhi, Birr, 55)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ:
«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّى أَسْأَلُكَ الْهُدَى وَالتُّقَى وَالْعَفَافَ وَالْغِنَى.»

125. According to ʿAbd Allah b. Masʿud (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “O Allah, I request from you salvation, taqwa, chastity and spiritual wealth.”

(M6904, Muslim, Dhikr, 72)

IKHLAS AND KHUSHU’
(SINCERITY AND SUBMISSIVE HUMBLENESS)

عَنْ أَبِى أُمَامَةَ الْبَاهِلِىِّ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ… ثُمَّ قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَقْبَلُ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ إِلاَّ مَا كَانَ لَهُ خَالِصًا وَابْتُغِىَ بِهِ وَجْهُهُ.»

126. According to Abu Umama al-Bahili (ra), a man came to the Prophet (saw) (and asked questions) ... Then the Prophet (saw) said, “…Allah does not accept any deed, except that which is purely for Him, and seeking His sake.”

(N3142, Nasaʾi, Jihad, 24)

...فَكَتَبَتْ عَائِشَةُ (رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُا) إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ: سَلاَمٌ عَلَيْكَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّى سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «مَنِ الْتَمَسَ رِضَاءَ اللَّهِ بِسَخَطِ النَّاسِ كَفَاهُ اللَّهُ مُؤْنَةَ النَّاسِ، وَمَنِ الْتَمَسَ رِضَاءَ النَّاسِ بِسَخَطِ اللَّهِ وَكَلَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى النَّاسِ.»

127. Upon the request of Muʿawiya (ra), who asked for some advice, ʿAisha (ra) wrote the following in a letter to him: “Assalamu alaykum. Indeed I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying, ʻWhoever seeks Allah’s pleasure by the people’s wrath, Allah will suffice him from the people. And whoever seeks the people’s pleasure by Allah’s wrath, Allah will entrust him to the people.’”

(T2414, Tirmidhi, Zuhd, 64)

عَنْ عَلِىِّ بْنِ أَبِى طَالِبٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ …فَإِذَا رَكَعَ قَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ رَكَعْتُ وَبِكَ آمَنْتُ وَلَكَ أَسْلَمْتُ خَشَعَ لَكَ سَمْعِى وَبَصَرِى وَمُخِّى وَعِظَامِى وَعَصَبِى.»

128. ʿAli b. Abi Talib (ra) narrated that whenever the Messenger of Allah (saw) would stand for prayer, he would say, “O Allah, to You I have bowed, and in You I believe, and to You have I submitted. My hearing, my sight, my brain, my bones and my sinew are humbled to you.”

(T3421, Tirmidhi, Daʿawat, 32; D760, Abu Dawud, Salat, 118-119)

عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ قَالَ: لاَ أَقُولُ لَكُمْ إِلاَّ كَمَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ، كَانَ يَقُولُ: «… اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّى أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ لاَ يَنْفَعُ وَمِنْ قَلْبٍ لاَ يَخْشَعُ وَمِنْ نَفْسٍ لاَ تَشْبَعُ وَمِنْ دَعْوَةٍ لاَ يُسْتَجَابُ لَهَا.»

129. Zayd b. Arqam (ra) said, “I am not narrating to you other than what the Prophet (saw) narrated! He said, ʻ… O Allah, I take refuge in you from useless knowledge, a heart without taqwa, an insatiable ego, and an unaccepted prayer.’”

(M6906, Muslim, Dhikr, 73; N5540, Nasaʾi, Istiʿadha, 65)

IHSAN

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسلم... قَالَ: «الْإِحْسَانُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ...»

130. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Ihsan (benevolence) is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not achieve this state of devotion, then (take it for granted that) Allah sees you.”

(B4777, Bukhari, Tafsir, (Luqman), 2)

عَنْ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ الْإِحْسَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ...»

131. According to Shaddad b. Aws (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Indeed Allah has decreed ihsan (to act good) in everything…”

(T1409, Tirmidhi, Diyat, 14)

SINCERITY

عَنْ تَمِيمٍ الدَّارِىِّ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الدِّينُ النَّصِيحَةُ.» قُلْنَا: لِمَنْ؟ قَالَ: «لِلَّهِ وَلِكِتَابِهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلأَئِمَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَعَامَّتِهِمْ.»

132. According to Tamim al-Dari (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) stated, “Al-Din (religion) is sincerity.” Thereupon we said, “For whom?” He replied, “For Allah, His Book, His Messenger and for the leaders of Muslims and Muslims in general.”

(M196, Muslim, Iman, 95)

قَالَ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ: قَالَ لِى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«يَا بُنَىَّ إِنْ قَدَرْتَ أَنْ تُصْبِحَ وَتُمْسِىَ لَيْسَ فِى قَلْبِكَ غِشٌّ لأَحَدٍ فَافْعَلْ، يَا بُنَىَّ وَذَلِكَ مِنْ سُنَّتِى وَمَنْ أَحْيَا سُنَّتِى فَقَدْ أَحَبَّنِى وَمَنْ أَحَبَّنِى كَانَ مَعِى فِى الْجَنَّةِ.»

133. Anas b. Malik (ra) reported, “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to me, ʻO my son! If you are capable of (waking up in) the morning and (ending) the evening, while there is nothing of deception in your heart for anything, then do so. O my son! That is from my Sunnah. Whoever revives my Sunnah then he has loved me. And whoever loved me, he shall be with me in Paradise.’”

(T2678, Tirmidhi, ʿIlm, 16)

PATIENCE

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«لَيْسَ الشَّدِيدُ بِالصُّرَعَةِ. إِنَّمَا الشَّدِيدُ الَّذِى يَمْلِكُ نَفْسَهُ عِنْدَ الْغَضَبِ.»

134. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “A strong man is not he who beats someone in wrestling, but he who controls himself when he is angry.”

(M6643, Muslim, Birr, 107)

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«الْمُؤْمِنُ الَّذِى يُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ وَيَصْبِرُ عَلَى أَذَاهُمْ أَعْظَمُ أَجْرًا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ الَّذِى لاَ يُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ وَلاَ يَصْبِرُ عَلَى أَذَاهُمْ.»

135. According to Ibn ʿUmar (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The believer who mixes with people and bears their annoyance with patience will have a greater reward than the believer who does not mix with people and does not put up with their annoyance.”

(IM4032, Ibn Majah, Fitan 23; HM5022, Ibn Hanbal, II, 44)

عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ: «إِذَا أَصَابَتْ أَحَدَكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ فَلْيَقُلْ: إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ، اللَّهُمَّ! عِنْدَكَ أَحْتَسِبُ مُصِيبَتِى فَآجِرْنِى فِيهَا وَأَبْدِلْ لِى خَيْرًا مِنْها.»

136. According to Umm Salama (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “When one of you is afflicted with a calamity, he should say, ʻWe belong to Allah, and to Him we return. O Allah! I expect reward from You from this calamity, so give me reward for it and give me a better recompense.’”

(D3119, Abu Dawud, Janaʾiz, 17-18; M2126, Muslim, Janaʾiz, 3)

عَنْ صُهَيْبٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «عَجَبًا لأَمْرِ الْمُؤْمِنِ. إِنَّ أَمْرَهُ كُلَّهُ لَهُ خَيْرٌ وَلَيْسَ ذَاكَ لأَحَدٍ إِلاَّ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ. إِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ سَرَّاءُ شَكَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ، وَإِنْ أَصَابَتْهُ ضَرَّاءُ صَبَرَ فَكَانَ خَيْرًا لَهُ.»

137. According to Suhayb, the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Strange are the ways of a believer, for there is good in every affair of his; and this is not the case with anyone except a believer, for if he experiences delight, he thanks (Allah).Thus there is good for him in it. And if he is afflicted by adversity and bears it patiently, there is good for him in it.”

(M7500, Muslim, Zuhd, 64)

HAYA (PIOUS SHYNESS)

عَنْ يَعْلَى أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأَى رَجُلاً يَغْتَسِلُ بِالْبَرَازِ فَصَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ حَلِيمٌ حَيِىٌّ سِتِّيرٌ يُحِبُّ الْحَيَاءَ وَالسَّتْرَ فَإِذَا اغْتَسَلَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَسْتَتِرْ.»

138. According to Yaʿla (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) saw a man performing ghusl in an open place. So he ascended the minbar and praised and glorified Allah. Then he said, “Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, is forbearing, modest, and concealing, and He loves modesty and concealment. When any one of you performs the ghusl, let him (perform it) concealing himself.”

(N406, Nasaʾi, Ghusl, 7)

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّ مِمَّا أَدْرَكَ النَّاسُ مِنْ كَلاَمِ النُّبُوَّةِ الأُولَى إِذَا لَمْ تَسْتَحِى فَاصْنَعْ مَا شِئْتَ.»

139. According to Abu Masʿud (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “One of the sayings of the early prophets which the people have remembered is ʻIf you don’t feel ashamed, do whatever you like.’”

(B6120, Bukhari, Adab, 78)

عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«إِنَّ لِكُلِّ دِينٍ خُلُقًا وَخُلُقُ الإِسْلاَمِ الْحَيَاءُ.»

140. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Every religion has its distinct characteristic, and the distinct characteristic of Islam is al-haya (pious shyness).”

(IM4181, Ibn Majah, Zuhd, 17)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«الإِيمَانُ بِضْعٌ وَسَبْعُونَ شُعْبَةً وَالْحَيَاءُ شُعْبَةٌ مِنَ الإِيمَانِ.»

141. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Faith has about seventy parts. Pious shyness is one of them.”

(M152, Muslim, Iman, 57)

عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«مَا كَانَ الْفُحْشُ فِى شَىْءٍ إِلاَّ شَانَهُ وَمَا كَانَ الْحَيَاءُ فِى شَىْءٍ إِلاَّ زَانَهُ.»

142. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Shamelessness is not present in anything but it spoils it, and pious shyness is not present in anything but it beautifies it.”

(T1974, Tirmidhi, Birr, 47)

TAWAKKUL (RELIANCE)

حَدَّثَنَا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ أَبِى قُرَّةَ السَّدُوسِىُّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَعْقِلُهَا وَأَتَوَكَّلُ أَوْ أُطْلِقُهَا وَأَتَوَكَّلُ؟ قَالَ: «اعْقِلْهَا وَتَوَكَّلْ.»

143. Al-Mughira b. Abi Qurra al-Sadusi heard Anas b. Malik (ra) say he heard a man say, “O Messenger of Allah! Shall I tie it and have trust in (in Allah), or leave it loose and have trust (in Allah)?” He said, “Tie it and have trust (in Allah).”

(T2517, Tirmidhi, Sifat al-Qiyamah, 60)

TRUTHFULNESS

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لَا يَجْتَمِعُ الْإِيمَانُ وَالْكُفْرُ فِي قَلْبِ امْرِئٍ وَلَا يَجْتَمِعُ الصِّدْقُ وَالْكَذِبُ جَمِيعًا وَلَا تَجْتَمِعُ الْخِيَانَةُ وَالْأَمَانَةُ جَمِيعًا.»

144. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “One cannot have faith and unbelief, truth and lie, betrayal and trustworthiness in his heart at the same time.”

(HM8577, Ibn Hanbal, II, 349)

عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ أَسِيدٍ الْحَضْرَمِىِّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «كَبُرَتْ خِيَانَةً أَنْ تُحَدِّثَ أَخَاكَ حَدِيثًا هُوَ لَكَ بِهِ مُصَدِّقٌ وَأَنْتَ لَهُ بِهِ كَاذِبٌ.»

145. Sufyan b. Asid al-Hadrami (ra) heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, “It is a great treachery that you should tell your brother something and have him believe you when you are lying.”

(D4971, Abu Dawud, Adab, 71)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ فَإِنَّ الصِّدْقَ يَهْدِى إِلَى الْبِرِّ وَإِنَّ الْبِرَّ يَهْدِى إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَمَا يَزَالُ الرَّجُلُ يَصْدُقُ وَيَتَحَرَّى الصِّدْقَ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ صِدِّيقًا. وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالْكَذِبَ فَإِنَّ الْكَذِبَ يَهْدِى إِلَى الْفُجُورِ وَإِنَّ الْفُجُورَ يَهْدِى إِلَى النَّارِ وَمَا يَزَالُ الرَّجُلُ يَكْذِبُ وَيَتَحَرَّى الْكَذِبَ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ كَذَّابًا.»

146. As related from ʿAbd Allah b. Masʿud (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “I urge you to stick to the truth! For telling the truth is a virtue and virtue leads to Paradise and the servant who endeavors to tell the truth is recorded as truthful. I urge you to stay away from lying! For lying is an obscenity and obscenity leads to the Hell fire, and the servant who endeavors to tell a lie is recorded as a liar.”

(M6639, Muslim, Birr, 105)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: «... مَنْ غَشَّنَا فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا.»

147. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “… He who deceives us is not one of us.”

(M283, Muslim, Iman, 164)

TRUSTWORTHINESS

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الْمُسْلِمُ مَنْ سَلِمَ النَّاسُ مِنْ لِسَانِهِ وَيَدِهِ وَالْمُؤْمِنُ مَنْ أَمِنَهُ النَّاسُ عَلَى دِمَائِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ.»

148. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “A Muslim is the one from whose tongue and hands human beings are safe. A Mu’min is the one human beings accept as safe regarding their lives and properties (that he would hurt neither of them).”

(N4998, Nasaʾi, Iman, 8)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «آيَةُ الْمُنَافِقِ ثَلاَثٌ؛ إِذَا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ وَإِذَا اؤْتُمِنَ خَانَ وَإِذَا وَعَدَ أَخْلَفَ.»

149. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The signs of a hypocrite are three: Whenever he speaks, he tells a lie; whenever he is entrusted with something, he proves dishonest; whenever he promises something, he breaks his promise.”

(B2749, Bukhari, Wasaya, 8; M211, Muslim, Iman, 107)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَفَ عَلَى أُنَاسٍ جُلُوسٍ فَقَالَ: «أَلاَ أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِخَيْرِكُمْ مِنْ شَرِّكُمْ» . قَالَ: فَسَكَتُوا، فَقَالَ ذَلِكَ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ. فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنَا بِخَيْرِنَا مِنْ شَرِّنَا. قَالَ: «خَيْرُكُمْ مَنْ يُرْجَى خَيْرُهُ وَيُؤْمَنُ شَرُّهُ وَشَرُّكُمْ مَنْ لاَ يُرْجَى خَيْرُهُ وَلاَ يُؤْمَنُ شَرُّهُ.»

150. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) approached some people who were sitting by the road side, and said, “Shall I not inform you of the best of you and the worst of you?” They fell silent, so he repeated it three times, and then a man said, “Of course, O Messenger of Allah! Inform us of the best among us and the worst among us.” He said, “The best of you is the one whose goodness is hoped for, and people are safe from his evil. And the worst of you is he whose goodness is not hoped for, and people are not safe from his evil.”

(T2263, Tirmidhi, Fitan, 76; HM8798, Ibn Hanbal, II, 368)

عَنْ سَمُرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ: «عَلَى الْيَدِ مَا أَخَذَتْ حَتَّى تُؤَدِّيَ.»

151. According to Samurah (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “He who takes property from someone is responsible for it until he returns it to its owner.”

(D3561, Abu Dawud, al-Buyuʿ, (Ijara), 88; T1266, Tirmidhi, Buyuʿ, 39)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«أَدِّ الأَمَانَةَ إِلَى مَنِ ائْتَمَنَكَ وَلاَ تَخُنْ مَنْ خَانَكَ.»

152. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Fulfill the trust for the one who entrusted you, and do not cheat the one who cheated you.”

(T1264, Tirmidhi, Buyuʿ, 38; D3535, Abu Dawud, Buyuʿ, 79)

HONORING THE PLEDGE (FULFILLING THE PROMISE)

عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «اضْمَنُوا لِي سِتًّا مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ أَضْمَنْ لَكُمْ الْجَنَّةَ؛ اصْدُقُوا إِذَا حَدَّثْتُمْ وَأَوْفُوا إِذَا وَعَدْتُمْ وَأَدُّوا إِذَا اؤْتُمِنْتُمْ وَاحْفَظُوا فُرُوجَكُمْ وَغُضُّوا أَبْصَارَكُمْ وَكُفُّوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ.»

153. According to ʿUbada b. Samit (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Guarantee for me six actions and I will guarantee for you Paradise: Speak the truth, keep your promise, fulfill the trust when you are entrusted, guard your chastity, keep your eyes off forbidden things, and keep your hands from what is forbidden.”

(HM23137, Ibn Hanbal, V, 323)

عَنْ أَبِى بَكْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ قَتَلَ مُعَاهِدًا فِى غَيْرِ كُنْهِهِ حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ.»

154. According to Abu Bakra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “If anyone kills a man who was granted protection in advance, Allah will forbid him to enter Paradise.”

(D2760, Abu Dawud, Jihad, 153)

TOLERANCE

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«اسْمَحْ يُسْمَحْ لَكَ.»

155. According to Ibn ʿAbbas (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Tolerate, so that you may be tolerated.”

(HM2233 Ibn Hanbal, I, 249)

عَنْ أَبِى مُوسَى قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، إِذَا بَعَثَ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِى بَعْضِ أَمْرِهِ قَالَ: «بَشِّرُوا وَلاَ تُنَفِّرُوا، وَيَسِّرُوا وَلاَ تُعَسِّرُوا.»

156. According to Abu Musa (al-Ashʿari) (ra), when the Messenger of Allah (saw) sent one of his Companions to carry out one of his commands, he would say, “Give glad tidings, do not make people hate! Make things easy, do not make them difficult!”

(M4525, Muslim, Jihad wa ʻl-siyar, 6)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِرًا أَوْ وَضَعَ لَهُ أَظَلَّهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ تَحْتَ ظِلِّ عَرْشِهِ يَوْمَ لاَ ظِلَّ إِلاَّ ظِلُّهُ.»

157. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever grants a respite to someone who is impoverished or alleviates (his poverty wholly or in part), Allah will shade him with His throne on the Judgement Day, a day on which there is no other shade.”

(T1306, Tirmidhi, Buyuʿ, 67)

FORGIVENESS

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«...وَمَا زَادَ اللَّهُ عَبْدًا بِعَفْوٍ إِلاَّ عِزًّا ...»

158. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “… Allah will always increase the honor of his forgiving servant.”

(M6592, Muslim, Birr, 69)

عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ مُعَاذِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «أَفْضَلُ الْفَضَائِلِ أَنْ تَصِلَ مَنْ قَطَعَكَ وَتُعْطِيَ مَنْ مَنَعَكَ وَتَصْفَحَ عَمَّنْ شَتَمَكَ.»

159. According to the father of Sahl b. Muʿadh b. Anas (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The biggest virtue is to continue your relations with your relatives even if they discontinue ties; to give to someone who does not give you; and to forgive the person who said bad things to you.”

(HM15703, Ibn Hanbal, III, 439)

HUMBLENESS AND ARROGANCE

عَنْ عِيَاضِ بْنِ حِمَارٍ أَخِى بَنِى مُجَاشِعٍ قَالَ: قَامَ فِينَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ خَطِيبًا فَقَالَ: «وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْحَى إِلَىَّ أَنْ تَوَاضَعُوا حَتَّى لاَ يَفْخَرَ أَحَدٌ عَلَى أَحَدٍ وَلاَ يَبْغِى أَحَدٌ عَلَى أَحَدٍ.»

160. The brother of Banu Mujash, ʿIyad b. Himar (ra) reported that while the Messenger of Allah (saw) was delivering an address he stated, “Allah revealed to me that we should be humble among ourselves and none should display pride over the other.”

(M7210, Muslim, Jannah, 64)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لاَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مَنْ كَانَ فِى قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالُ ذَرَّةٍ مِنْ كِبْر.ٍ» قَالَ رَجُلٌ: إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ ثَوْبُهُ حَسَنًا وَنَعْلُهُ حَسَنَةً. قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَمِيلٌ يُحِبُّ الْجَمَالَ، الْكِبْرُ بَطَرُ الْحَقِّ وَغَمْطُ النَّاسِ.»

161. According to ʿAbd Allah b. Masʿud (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “He who has in his heart the weight of a mustard seed of pride will not enter Paradise.” A person (among his audience) said, “Verily a person loves that his dress should be fine, and his shoes should be fine.” He (the Prophet) remarked, “Verily, Allah is Graceful and He loves Grace. Pride is disdain for the truth (out of self-conceit) and having contempt for people.”

(M265, Muslim, Iman, 147)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «…بِحَسْبِ امْرِئٍ مِنَ الشَّرِّ أَنْ يَحْقِرَ أَخَاهُ الْمُسْلِمَ.»

162. According to Abu Hurayra (ra) the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “It would be enough of a sin for a Muslim who disparages his Muslim brother.”

(M6541, Muslim, Birr, 32)

MISERLINESS AND GENEROSITY

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«...وَاتَّقُوا الشُّحَّ فَإِنَّ الشُّحَّ أَهْلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ حَمَلَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ سَفَكُوا دِمَاءَهُمْ وَاسْتَحَلُّوا مَحَارِمَهُمْ.»

163. According to Jabir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “…Beware of miserliness! This is because miserliness led to bloodshed in the previous generations, and encouraged people to transgress the boundaries, and that destroyed them.”

(M6576, Muslim, Birr, 56)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«مَا مِنْ يَوْمٍ يُصْبِحُ الْعِبَادُ فِيهِ إِلاَّ مَلَكَانِ يَنْزِلاَنِ. فَيَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمَا: اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِ مُنْفِقًا خَلَفًا ، وَيَقُولُ الآخَرُ: اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِ مُمْسِكًا تَلَفًا.»

164. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Every day two angels come down from Heaven and one of them says, ʻO Allah! Compensate every person who spends in Your cause,’ and the other (angel) says, ʻO Allah! Destroy every miser.’”

(B1442, Bukhari, Zakat, 27)

HOSPITALITY

عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ عَن النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ:
«لا خَيْرَ فِيمَنْ لا يُضِيفُ.»

165. According to ʿUqba b. ʿAmir (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Those who do not host guests are not righteous people.”

(HM17555, Ibn Hanbal, IV, 157)

عَنْ أَبِى شُرَيْحٍ الْكَعْبِىِّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ ضَيْفَهُ. جَائِزَتُهُ يَوْمٌ وَلَيْلَةٌ، وَالضِّيَافَةُ ثَلاَثَةُ أَيَّامٍ فَمَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَهْوَ صَدَقَةٌ. وَلاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَثْوِىَ عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى يُحْرِجَهُ.»

166. According to Abu Shurayh al-Kaʿbi (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should serve his guest generously. The guest’s normal duration is a day and a night. Hospitality is for three days; anything beyond that is charity. And it is not lawful for a guest to stay with his host for such a long period so as to put him in a distressful position.”

(B6135, Bukhari, Adab, 85)

LAW OF BROTHERHOOD

عَنْ أَنَسٍ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«لا يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ حَتَّى يُحِبَّ لأَخِيهِ مَا يُحِبُّ لِنَفْسِهِ.»

167. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “None of you will have faith till he wishes for his (Muslim) brother what he likes for himself.”

(B13, Bukhari, Iman, 7)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«الْمُسْلِمُ أَخُو الْمُسْلِمِ لاَ يَخُونُهُ وَلاَ يَكْذِبُهُ وَلاَ يَخْذُلُهُ.»

168. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The Muslim is the brother of the Muslim, he does not cheat him, lie to him, nor deceive him…”

(T1927, Tirmidhi, Birr, 18)

عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«مَثَلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِى تَوَادِّهِمْ وَتَرَاحُمِهِمْ وَتَعَاطُفِهِمْ مَثَلُ الْجَسَدِ إِذَا اشْتَكَى مِنْهُ عُضْوٌ تَدَاعَى لَهُ سَائِرُ الْجَسَدِ بِالسَّهَرِ وَالْحُمَّى.»

169. Nuʿman b. Bashir (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The similitude of believers in regard to mutual love, affection, and feeling of fellowship is that of one body; when any limb of it aches, the whole body aches, because of sleeplessness and fever.”

(M6586 Muslim, Birr, 66; B6011 Bukhari, Adab, 27)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِيَّاكُمْ وَالظَّنَّ فَإِنَّ الظَّنَّ أَكْذَبُ الْحَدِيثِ وَلاَ تَحَسَّسُوا وَلاَ تَجَسَّسُوا وَلاَ تَنَافَسُوا وَلاَ تَحَاسَدُوا وَلاَ تَبَاغَضُوا وَلاَ تَدَابَرُوا وَكُونُوا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ إِخْوَانًا.»

170. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Avoid suspicion, for suspicion is the gravest lie in talk, and do not be inquisitive about one another, and do not spy upon one another, and do not rival one another, and do not feel envy with the other, and nurse no malice, and nurse no aversion and hostility against one another. And be fellow-brothers and servants of Allah.”

(M6536, Muslim, Birr, 28)

عَنْ وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الأَسْقَعِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«لاَ تُظْهِرِ الشَّمَاتَةَ لأَخِيكَ فَيَرْحَمُهُ اللَّهُ وَيَبْتَلِيكَ.»

171. According to Wathila b. Al-Asqaʿ (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Do not rejoice over the mishaps of your brother so that Allah has mercy on him and subjects you to trials (by the same mishaps).”

(T2506 Tirmidhi, Sifat al-Qiyamah, 54)

RECONCILIATION BETWEEN BROTHERS/SISTERS

عَنْ أَبِى الدَّرْدَاءِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَلاَ أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِأَفْضَلَ مِنْ دَرَجَةِ الصِّيَامِ وَالصَّلاَةِ وَالصَّدَقَةِ.» قَالُوا: بَلَى. قَالَ: «إِصْلاَحُ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ وَفَسَادُ ذَاتِ الْبَيْنِ الْحَالِقَةُ.»

172. According to Abu al-Dardaʾ (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Shall I inform you of something more excellent in degree than fasting, prayer, and almsgiving?” The people replied, “Yes, the Prophet of Allah!” He said, “It is putting things right between people, spoiling them is the razor (of faith).”

(D4919, Abu Dawud, Adab, 50; T2509, Tirmidhi, Sifat al-Qiyamah, 56)

عَنْ أَبِى أَيُّوبَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لاَ يَحِلُّ لِمُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يَهْجُرَ أَخَاهُ فَوْقَ ثَلاَثٍ، يَلْتَقِيَانِ فَيَصُدُّ هَذَا وَيَصُدُّ هَذَا. وَخَيْرُهُمَا الَّذِى يَبْدَأُ بِالسَّلاَمِ.»

173. According to Abu Ayyub (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “It is not lawful for a Muslim to desert (not to speak to) his brother Muslim for more than three days or, while meeting, to turn his face to one side and the other turns his face to the other side. Lo! The better of the two is the one who starts greeting the other.”

(B6237, Bukhari, Istiʾdhan, 9)

AVOIDING USELESS ACTIONS

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«مِنْ حُسْنِ إِسْلاَمِ الْمَرْءِ تَرْكُهُ مَا لاَ يَعْنِيهِ.»

174. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Indeed among the excellent aspects of being a Muslim is that one avoids what does not concern him.”

(T2317, Tirmidhi, Zuhd, 11; MU1638, Muwattaʾ, Husn al-khulq, 1)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَلْيَقُلْ خَيْرًا أَوْ لِيَصْمُتْ.»

175. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should speak what is good or keep quiet...”

(B6475, Bukhari, Riqaq, 23; M173, Muslim, Iman, 74)

BALANCING THE WORLD AND THE HEREAFTER

حَدَّثَنَا قَيْسٌ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُسْتَوْرِدًا أَخَا بَنِى فِهْرٍ يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «وَاللَّهِ مَا الدُّنْيَا فِى الآخِرَةِ إِلاَّ مِثْلُ مَا يَجْعَلُ أَحَدُكُمْ إِصْبَعَهُ هَذِهِ - وَأَشَارَ يَحْيَى بِالسَّبَّابَةِ - فِى الْيَمِّ فَلْيَنْظُرْ بِمَ يَرْجِعُ.»

176. Qays heard Mustawrid (b. Shaddad) of the Banu Fihr (ra) say, “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said, ʻBy Allah! What is this world compared to the Hereafter? It would be as if one of you dipped his index finger in the ocean and saw what (how much water) has stuck to it.’”

(M7197, Muslim, Jannah, 55)

عَنْ عُرْوَةَ …فَلَقِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عُثْمَانَ فَقَالَ: «يَا عُثْمَانُ إِنَّ الرَّهْبَانِيَّةَ لَمْ تُكْتَبْ عَلَيْنَا.»

177. According to ʿUrwa, when the Messenger of Allah (saw) (who had heard from ʿAisha (ra) that ʿUthman b. Mazʿun was ignoring his wife) met ʿUthman (ra), he said, “O ʿUthman! The monastic life has not been prescribed to us (Muslims) …”

(HM26418, Ibn Hanbal, VI, 226)

عَنْ أَبِى ذَرٍّ الْغِفَارِىِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَيْسَ الزَّهَادَةُ فِى الدُّنْيَا بِتَحْرِيمِ الْحَلاَلِ، وَلاَ فِى إِضَاعَةِ الْمَالِ. وَلَكِنِ الزَّهَادَةُ فِى الدُّنْيَا أَنْ لاَ تَكُونَ بِمَا فِى يَدَيْكَ أَوْثَقَ مِنْكَ بِمَا فِى يَدِ اللَّهِ...»

178. According to Abu Dharr al-Ghifari (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Indifference towards this world does not mean forbidding what is permitted, or squandering wealth, rather indifference towards this world means not thinking that what you have in your hand is more reliable than what is in Allah’s Hand...’”

(IM4100, Ibn Majah, Zuhd, 1)

سَأَلَ قَتَادَةُ أَنَسًا: أَىُّ دَعْوَةٍ كَانَ يَدْعُو بِهَا النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَكْثَرَ؟ قَالَ: كَانَ أَكْثَرُ دَعْوَةٍ يَدْعُو بِهَا يَقُولُ:
«اللَّهُمَّ آتِنَا فِى الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِى الآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ.»

179. Qatada asked Anas b. Malik (ra), “Which prayer did the Prophet (saw) do most frequently?” Anas replied, “His most frequent prayer was: ʻO Allah, grant us goodness in this world and goodness in the Hereafter and save us from the torment of the fire.’”

(M6840, Muslim, Dhikr, 26)

BACKBITING

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «أَتَدْرُونَ مَا الْغِيبَةُ؟» قَالُوا: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ. قَالَ: «ذِكْرُكَ أَخَاكَ بِمَا يَكْرَهُ.»
قِيلَ: أَفَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ فِى أَخِى مَا أَقُولُ؟ قَالَ:
«إِنْ كَانَ فِيهِ مَا تَقُولُ فَقَدِ اغْتَبْتَهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهِ فَقَدْ بَهَتَّهُ.»

180. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), “Allah’s Messenger (saw) asked, ʻDo you know what backbiting is?’ The Companions (ra) said, ʻAllah and His Messenger know best.’ Thereupon the Holy Prophet (saw) said, ʻBackbiting refers to your talking about your brother in a manner which he does not like.’ Then he was asked, ʻWhat is your opinion about this that if I actually find (that failing) in my brother which I mentioned?’ He said, ʻIf (that failing) is actually found (in him) of what you assert, you have in fact backbitten him, and if that is not in him it is a slander.’”

(M6593 Muslim, Birr, 70)

عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ عُقُوقَ الأُمَّهَاتِ وَوَأْدَ الْبَنَاتِ وَمَنْعًا وَهَاتِ وَكَرِهَ لَكُمْ ثَلاَثًا قِيلَ وَقَالَ وَكَثْرَةَ السُّؤَالِ وَإِضَاعَةَ الْمَالِ.»

181. According to al-Mughira b. Shuʿba (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Verily Allah, the Glorious and Majestic, has forbidden for you: Disobedience to mothers, and burying alive daughters, withholding the right of others in spite of having the power to return that to them and demanding that (which is not one’s legitimate right). And He disapproved three things for you; irrelevant talk, persistent questioning and wasting wealth.”

(M4483 Muslim, Aqdiyya, 12)

SLANDERING

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «اجْتَنِبُوا السَّبْعَ الْمُوبِقَاتِ.» قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا هُنَّ؟ قَالَ: «الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ، وَالسِّحْرُ، وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِى حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ، وَأَكْلُ الرِّبَا، وَأَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ، وَالتَّوَلِّى يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ، وَقَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ الْغَافِلاَتِ.»

182. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Avoid the seven deadly sins.” The Companions (ra) asked, “O Messenger of Allah! What are they?” He said, “To associate partners with Allah; to practice sorcery; to kill someone, which Allah has forbidden except for a just cause (according to Islamic law); to practice usury, to consume the property of an orphan; to turn away on the day of battle, and to slander chaste believing women who would never even think of doing anything improper.”

(B6857 Bukhari, Hudud, 44; M262 Muslim, Iman, 145)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّ مِنْ أَكْبَرِ الْكَبَائِرِ اسْتِطَالَةَ الْمَرْءِ فِى عِرْضِ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ…»

183. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The gravest of the great sins is to go to great lengths in speaking unjustly against a Muslim’s honor...”

(D4877 Abu Dawud, Adab, 35)

HYPOCRISY/OSTENTATION

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ سَمَّعَ سَمَّعَ اللَّهُ بِهِ، وَمَنْ يُرَائِى يُرَائِى اللَّهُ بِهِ.»

184. According to Ibn ʿAbbas (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “He who lets the people hear of his good deeds intentionally to win their praise, Allah will let the people know his real intention (on the Day of Judgement), and he who does good things in public to be ostentatious and win the praise of the people, Allah will disclose his real intention (and humiliate him).”

(B6499, Bukhari, Riqaq, 36; M7476, Muslim, Zuhd, 47)

BEING EARTHLY AND GREEDY

عَنْ أَنَسٍ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَكْبَرُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَيَكْبَرُ مَعَهُ اثْنَانِ حُبُّ الْمَالِ وَطُولُ الْعُمُرِ.»

185. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The son of Adam grows old and also two (desires) grow old with him: The love of wealth and (a wish for) a long life.”

(B6421, Bukhari, Riqaq, 5)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِذَا نَظَرَ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى مَنْ فُضِّلَ عَلَيْهِ فِى الْمَالِ وَالْخَلْقِ فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى مَنْ هُوَ أَسْفَلَ مِنْهُ.»

186. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “If anyone of you looked at a person who was made superior to him in property and (in good) appearance, then he should also look at the one who is inferior to him.”

(B6490, Bukhari, Riqaq, 30; M7428, Muslim, Zuhd, 8)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «أَكْثِرُوا ذِكْرَ هَاذِمِ اللَّذَّاتِ.»

187. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Remember often the destroyer of pleasures (death).”

(N1825, Nasa’i, Janaʾiz, 3)

عَنْ مُطَرِّفٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يَقْرَأُ
{أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ} قَالَ «يَقُولُ ابْنُ آدَمَ مَالِى مَالِى. قَالَ: وَهَلْ لَكَ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ مِنْ مَالِكَ إِلاَّ مَا أَكَلْتَ فَأَفْنَيْتَ أَوْ لَبِسْتَ فَأَبْلَيْتَ أَوْ تَصَدَّقْتَ فَأَمْضَيْتَ.»

188. Mutarrif said that his father (ra) said, “I came to the Prophet (saw) as he was reciting the verse, ʻStriving for more distracts you’ (Takathur, 102/1). He then said, ʻThe son of Adam says, “My wealth, my wealth.” O son of Adam! Is there anything from your wealth except that which you consumed, which you exhausted, or which you wore and wore it out or which you gave as charity after it had no value?’”

(M7420, Muslim, Zuhd, 3)

أَنَّ حَكِيمَ بْنَ حِزَامٍ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَعْطَانِى ثُمَّ سَأَلْتُهُ فَأَعْطَانِى ثُمَّ سَأَلْتُهُ فَأَعْطَانِى ثُمَّ قَالَ: «يَا حَكِيمُ إِنَّ هَذَا الْمَالَ خَضِرَةٌ حُلْوَةٌ، فَمَنْ أَخَذَهُ بِسَخَاوَةِ نَفْسٍ بُورِكَ لَهُ فِيهِ، وَمَنْ أَخَذَهُ بِإِشْرَافِ نَفْسٍ لَمْ يُبَارَكْ لَهُ فِيهِ كَالَّذِى يَأْكُلُ وَلاَ يَشْبَعُ. الْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى.»

189. Hakim b. Hizam (ra) said, “(Once) I asked the Messenger of Allah (saw) (for something from the booty of the Battle of Hunayn) and he gave it to me. Again I asked for something and he gave (it to me). I asked for something for the third time, and he gave (it to me). And then he said, ʻO Hakim! This property is like a sweet fresh fruit; whoever takes it without greediness, he is blessed in it, and whoever takes it with greediness, he is not blessed in it, and he is like a person who eats but is never satisfied; and the upper (giving) hand is better than the lower (receiving) hand.’”

(B1472, Bukhari, Zakat, 50)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«لَيْسَ الْغِنَى عَنْ كَثْرَةِ الْعَرَضِ ، وَلَكِنَّ الْغِنَى غِنَى النَّفْسِ.»

190. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Riches do not mean having a great amount of property, rather, riches mean self-contentment.”

(B6446, Bukhari, Riqaq, 15; M2420, Muslim, Zakat, 120)

PRODIGALITY

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرَّ بِسَعْدٍ وَهُوَ يَتَوَضَّأُ فَقَالَ: «مَا هَذَا السَّرَفُ؟» فَقَالَ: أَفِى الْوُضُوءِ إِسْرَافٌ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ عَلَى نَهَرٍ جَارٍ.»

191. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr (ra), one day the Messenger of Allah (saw) passed by Saʿd (b. Abi Waqqas) when he was performing the wudu’, and he said, “What is this extravagance?” He said, “Can there be any extravagance in the wudu’?” He said, “Yes, even if you are on the bank of a flowing river.”

(IM425, Ibn Majah, Taharah, 48)

عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «كُلُوا وَتَصَدَّقُوا وَالْبَسُوا فِى غَيْرِ إِسْرَافٍ وَلاَ مَخِيلَةٍ.»

192. According to ʿAmr b. Shuʿayb, his father said that his grandfather (ra) said Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Eat, give charity, and clothe yourselves without being extravagant, and without showing off.”

(N2560, Nasaʾi, Zakat, 66)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ:قَالَ النَّبِيُّ : «نِعْمَتَانِ مَغْبُونٌ فِيهِمَا كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ؛ الصِّحَّةُ وَالْفَرَاغُ.»

193. According to Ibn ʿAbbas (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “There are two blessings which many people lose: Health and free time.”

(B6412, Bukhari, Riqaq, 1)

ENVY

عَنْ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «لاَ حَسَدَ إِلاَّ فِى اثْنَتَيْنِ؛ رَجُلٌ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ مَالاً فَسَلَّطَهُ عَلَى هَلَكَتِهِ فِى الْحَقِّ، وَرَجُلٌ آتَاهُ اللَّهُ حِكْمَةً فَهْوَ يَقْضِى بِهَا وَيُعَلِّمُهَا.»

194. Ibn Masʿud (ra) said he heard the Prophet (saw) say, “There is no envy except in two matters: A person to whom Allah has given wealth and he spends it in the right way, and a person to whom Allah has given wisdom (i.e., religious knowledge) and he makes his decisions accordingly and teaches it to the others.”

(B1409, Bukhari, Zakat, 5)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ «إِيَّاكُمْ وَالْحَسَدَ فَإِنَّ الْحَسَدَ يَأْكُلُ الْحَسَنَاتِ كَمَا تَأْكُلُ النَّارُ الْحَطَبَ.»

195. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Avoid envy, for envy consumes good deeds just as fire consumes wood.”

(D4903, Abu Dawud, Adab, 44; IM4210, Ibn Majah, Zuhd, 22)

OPPRESSION

عَنْ أَنَسٍ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «انْصُرْ أَخَاكَ ظَالِمًا أَوْ مَظْلُومًا.» فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنْصُرُهُ إِذَا كَانَ مَظْلُومًا، أَفَرَأَيْتَ إِذَا كَانَ ظَالِمًا كَيْفَ أَنْصُرُهُ؟ قَالَ:
«تَحْجُزُهُ أَوْ تَمْنَعُهُ مِنَ الظُّلْمِ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ نَصْرُهُ.»

196. According to Anas (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Help your brother whether he is an oppressor or oppressed.” Then a man said, “O Messenger of Allah! I will help him if he is oppressed, but if he is an oppressor, how will I help him?” The Prophet (saw) said, “By keeping him away from oppression and preventing him from oppressing others. This is the help you can give to him.”

(B6952, Bukhari, Ikrah, 7)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِمُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ حِينَ بَعَثَهُ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ: «… وَاتَّقِ دَعْوَةَ الْمَظْلُومِ، فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ اللَّهِ حِجَابٌ.»

197. According to Ibn ʿAbbas (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, when he sent Muʿadh b. Jabal (ra) to Yemen, “… be afraid of the curse of an oppressed person because there is no curtain between him and Allah.”

(B1496, Bukhari, Zakat, 63)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا - عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الظُّلْمُ ظُلُمَاتٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَة.»

198. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿUmar (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Oppression will be an utter darkness (for the opressor) on the Day of Resurrection.”

(B2447, Bukhari, Mazalim, 8; M6577, Muslim, Birr, 57)

IMITATION

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«مَنْ تَشَبَّهَ بِقَوْمٍ فَهُوَ مِنْهُمْ.»

199. According to Ibn ʿUmar (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “He who imitates any society is one of them.”

(D4031, Abu Dawud, Libas, 4)

BUILDING A FAMILY, ESTABLISHING A HOME

فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ: كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَبَابًا لاَ نَجِدُ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَا مَعْشَرَ الشَّبَابِ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ الْبَاءَةَ فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْ فَإِنَّهُ أَغَضُّ لِلْبَصَرِ وَأَحْصَنُ لِلْفَرْجِ…»

200. ʿAbd Allah (b. Masʿud) (ra) said, “We were with the Prophet (saw) when we were young and had no wealth whatever. So Allah’s Messenger said to us, ʻO company of youth! Whoever among you is able to get marry, he should marry, because it is the best thing to make him lower his gaze (from what is forbidden) and to guard his dignity. ...’”

(B5066, Bukhari, Nikah, 3; M3398, Muslim, Nikah, 1)

عنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ نَفَرًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَأَلُوا أَزْوَاجَ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ عَمَلِهِ فِى السِّرِّ. فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لاَ أَتَزَوَّجُ النِّسَاءَ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لاَ آكُلُ اللَّحْمَ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لاَ أَنَامُ عَلَى فِرَاشٍ. فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: «مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ قَالُوا كَذَا وَكَذَا لَكِنِّى أُصَلِّى وَأَنَامُ وَأَصُومُ وَأُفْطِرُ وَأَتَزَوَّجُ النِّسَاءَ فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ سُنَّتِى فَلَيْسَ مِنِّى.»

201. As reported from Anas b. Malik (ra) (ra), some of the Companions of the Prophet (saw) went to the Prophet’s wives and asked how he worshiped while he was alone. (Thinking that their own acts of worship were insufficient), one of them said, “I will not marry a women;” others said, “I will not eat meat;” and others said, “I will not sleep in bed.” (When these words were reported to Allah’s Messenger), he first praised Allah and declared his exaltedness and then said, “Why is it that people say such things! I pray, yet I also sleep; I fast, and yet sometimes I do not; and I marry women. So he who does not follow my sunnah is not from me.”

(M3403, Muslim, Nikah, 5)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «تُنْكَحُ الْمَرْأَةُ لأَرْبَعٍ لِمَالِهَا وَلِحَسَبِهَا وَجَمَالِهَا وَلِدِينِهَا ، فَاظْفَرْ بِذَاتِ الدِّينِ تَرِبَتْ يَدَاكَ.»

202. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “A woman is married for four things: Her wealth, her family status, her beauty and her religion. You should marry the religious woman so that you will receive blessings all the time.”

(B5090, Bukhari, Nikah, 16)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «تَخَيَّرُوا لِنُطَفِكُمْ وَانْكِحُوا الأَكْفَاءَ وَأَنْكِحُوا إِلَيْهِمْ.»

203. According to ʿAisha (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Marry compatible women; and marry [your daughters] to compatible ones.”

(IM1968, Ibn Majah, Nikah, 46)

عَنْ عَلِىِّ بْنِ أَبِى طَالِبٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ لَهُ: «يَا عَلِىُّ، ثَلاَثٌ لاَ تُؤَخِّرْهَا: الصَّلاَةُ إِذَا آنَتْ، وَالْجَنَازَةُ إِذَا حَضَرَتْ، وَالأَيِّمُ إِذَا وَجَدْتَ لَهَا كُفْؤًا.»

204. According to ʿAli b. Abi Talib (ra), the Prophet (saw) said to him, “O ʿAli! Three are not to be delayed: Prayer when its time comes, a funeral when it (a prepared body) is present, and the (marriage of a) single woman when there is an equal for her.”

(T171, Tirmidhi, Salah, 13; T1075, Tirmidhi, Janaʾiz, 73)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«خَيْرُكُمْ خَيْرُكُمْ لأَهْلِهِ وَأَنَا خَيْرُكُمْ لأَهْلِى…»

205. According to ʿAisha (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The most benevolent among you is the one who is benevolent to his family. I am the most benevolent to my family among you...”

(T3895, Tirmidhi, Manaqib, 63)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«كَفَى بِالْمَرْءِ إِثْمًا أَنْ يُضَيِّعَ مَنْ يَقُوتُ.»

206. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “It is enough sin for one to neglect those whom he should maintain.”

(D1692, Abu Dawud, Zakat, 45)

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«أَبْغَضُ الْحَلاَلِ إِلَى اللَّهِ تَعَالَى الطَّلاَقُ.»

207. According to Ibn ʿUmar (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Of all the lawful acts the most detestable to Allah the Exalted is divorce.”

(D2178, Abu Dawud, Talaq, 3; IM2018, Ibn Majah, Talaq, 1)

SPOUSE RELATIONSHIP

عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الأَحْوَصِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِى أَبِى أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ حَجَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ … فَقَالَ:
«… أَلاَ إِنَّ لَكُمْ عَلَى نِسَائِكُمْ حَقًّا وَلِنِسَائِكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ حَقًّا…»

208. Sulayman b. ʿAmr b. al-Ahwas (ra) said, “My father told me that during the Farewell Pilgrimage the Prophet (saw) said, “… Indeed you have rights over your women, and your women have rights over you….”

(T1163, Tirmidhi, Radaʿ, 11)

عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مُعَاوِيَةَ الْقُشَيْرِىِّ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ مَا تَقُولُ فِى نِسَائِنَا؟ قَالَ: «أَطْعِمُوهُنَّ مِمَّا تَأْكُلُونَ وَاكْسُوهُنَّ مِمَّا تَكْتَسُونَ وَلاَ تَضْرِبُوهُنَّ وَلاَ تُقَبِّحُوهُنَّ.»

209. Saʿid b. Hakim b. Muʿawiya said that his father said that his grandfather Muʿawiya al-Qushayri (ra) said, “I asked the Prophet (saw) about our wives. And he said, ʻLet them eat what you eat, let them wear what you wear, and do not beat them, and do not talk bad about them.’”

(D2144, Abu Dawud, Nikah, 40-41)

عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِى وَقَّاصٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَعُودُنِى عَامَ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ مِنْ وَجَعٍ اشْتَدَّ … ثُمَّ قَالَ: «… وَإِنَّكَ لَنْ تُنْفِقَ نَفَقَةً تَبْتَغِى بِهَا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ أُجِرْتَ بِهَا حَتَّى مَا تَجْعَلُ فِى فِى امْرَأَتِكَ.»

210. ʿAmir b. Saʿd b. Abi Waqqas (ra) reported the following from his father: “In the year of the Farewell Pilgrimage, the Prophet (saw) came to visit me when my illness had intensified. (When I told him that I wanted to distribute my wealth as sadaqah), the Prophet (saw) said: ʻ... You will surely be rewarded for everything you spend on your family hoping to please Allah, even for a morsel that you put in your wife’s mouth ...’”

(B1295, Bukhari, Janaʾiz, 36)

CHILDREN

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«مَا مِنْ مَوْلُودٍ إِلاَّ يُلِدَ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ فَأَبَوَاهُ يُهَوِّدَانِهِ وَيُنَصِّرَانِهِ وَيُشَرِّكَانِهِ.»

211. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Every child is born having a natural disposition (al-fitra). It is his parents who make him a Jew or a Christian or a polytheist.”

(M6758, Muslim, Qadar, 23)

أنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ قَبَّلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ عَلِىٍّ وَعِنْدَهُ الأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ التَّمِيمِىُّ جَالِسًا. فَقَالَ الأَقْرَعُ: إِنَّ لِى عَشَرَةً مِنَ الْوَلَدِ مَا قَبَّلْتُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا. فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ: «مَنْ لاَ يَرْحَمُ لاَ يُرْحَمُ.»

212. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported, “The Messenger of Allah (saw) kissed al-Hasan b. ʿAli while al-Aqraʿ b. Habis al-Tamim was sitting beside him. Al-Aqraʿ said, ʻI have ten children and I have never kissed anyone of them.’ The Messenger of Allah (saw) looked at him and said, ʻWhoever is not merciful to others will not be treated mercifully.’”

(B5997, Bukhari, Adab, 18; M6028, Muslim, Fadha’il, 65)

حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَا نَحَلَ وَالِدٌ وَلَدًا مِنْ نَحْلٍ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ أَدَبٍ حَسَنٍ.»

213. Ayyub b. Musa narrated from his father that his grandfather said that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “There is nothing more valuable that parents can give their child than a good training.”

(T1952, Tirmidhi, Birr, 33)

MOTHER AND FATHER

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «رِضَا الرَّبِّ فِى رِضَا الْوَالِدِ وَسَخَطُ الرَّبِّ فِى سَخَطِ الْوَالِدِ.»

214. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The Lord’s pleasure is in the parents’ pleasure, and the Lord’s anger is in the parents’ anger.”

(T1899, Tirmidhi, Birr, 3)

قال أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «الْوَالِدُ أَوْسَطُ أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ فَإِنْ شِئْتَ فَأَضِعْ ذَلِكَ الْبَابَ أَوِ احْفَظْهُ.»

215. Abu al-Darda (ra) said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, ʻThe father is the middle gate to Paradise. So the choice is yours if you wish to neglect that door or protect it.’”

(T1900, Tirmidhi, Birr, 3)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ أَحَقُّ بِحُسْنِ صَحَابَتِى؟ قَالَ: «أُمُّكَ.» قَالَ: ثُمَّ مَنْ؟ قَالَ: «أُمُّكَ.» قَالَ: ثُمَّ مَنْ؟ قَالَ: «أُمُّكَ.» قَالَ: ثُمَّ مَنْ؟ قَالَ: «ثُمَّ أَبُوكَ.»

216. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported, “A man came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) and said, ʻO Allah’s Messenger! Who is more entitled to be treated with the best companionship by me?’ The Prophet (saw) said, ʻYour mother.’ The man said. ʻWho is next?’ The Prophet (saw) said, ʻYour mother.’ The man further said, ʻWho is next?’ The Prophet (saw) said, ʻYour mother.’ The man asked for the fourth time, ʻWho is next?’ The Prophet (saw) said, ʻYour father.’”

(B5971, Bukhari, Adab, 2)

PROTECTING FAMILY RELATIONS

عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «قَالَ اللَّهُ أَنَا الرَّحْمَنُ وَهِىَ الرَّحِمُ شَقَقْتُ لَهَا اسْمًا مِنَ اسْمِى مَنْ وَصَلَهَا وَصَلْتُهُ وَمَنْ قَطَعَهَا بَتَتُّهُ.»

217. According to ʿAbd al-Rahman b. Awf (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Allah the Exalted has said, ʻI am most Compassionate (al-Rahman), and this (i.e. family relations) has been derived from mercy (rahim). I have derived its name from My name. If anyone connects it, I shall connect him, and if anyone cuts it off, I shall cut him off.’”

(D1694, Abu Dawud, Zakat, 45; HM1687, Ibn Hanbal, I, 195)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ ضَيْفَهُ، وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ فَلْيَصِلْ رَحِمَهُ…»

218. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day should serve his guest generously; and whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, should unite the bond of kinship (i.e., keep good relations with his kith and kin) ...”

(B6138, Bukhari, Adab, 85)

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يُبْسَطَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقُهُ أَوْ يُنْسَأَ فِى أَثَرِهِ فَلْيَصِلْ رَحِمَهُ.»

219. Anas b. Malik (ra) said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, ʻWhoever loves that he be granted more wealth and that his lease on life be prolonged then he should keep good relations with his kith and kin.’”

(M6523, Muslim, Birr, 20; B5986, Bukhari, Adab, 12)

WOMAN

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ:كَانَتْ أُمُّ سُلَيْمٍ مَعَ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ ، وَهُنَّ يَسُوقُ بِهِنَّ سَوَّاقٌ، فَقَالَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ :

«أَيْ أَنْجَشَةُ! رُوَيْدًا سَوْقَكَ بِالْقَوَارِيرِ.»

220. Anas b. Malik (ra) reported, “(During the journey of the Farewell Hajj) Umm Sulaym was with the Prophet (saw)’s wives. A guide named Anjasha was driving their camels. (When Anjasha made the camels speed up with the tune he was singing,) the Prophet (saw) said to him, ʻAnjasha, be careful, drive slowly for you are driving the mounts who carry vessels of fragile crystal.’”

(M6039, Muslim, Fadha’il, 72)

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ:كُنَّا نَتَّقِى الْكَلاَمَ وَالْإِنْبِسَاطَ إِلَى نِسَائِنَا عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ هَيْبَةَ أَنْ يُنْزَلَ فِينَا شَيْءٌ. فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّىَ النَّبِيِّ تَكَلَّمْنَا وَانْبَسَطْنَا.

221. Ibn ʿUmar (ra) said, “During the lifetime of the Prophet (saw), we used to avoid speaking leisurely and acting freely to our wives lest some divine inspiration might be revealed concerning us. But when the Prophet (saw) died, we started speaking leisurely and acting freely (to them).”

(B5187, Bukhari, Nikah, 81)

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«لاَ تَمْنَعُوا إِمَاءَ اللَّهِ مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ.»

222. According to Ibn ʿUmar (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Do not stop Allah’s women servants from going to Allah’s mosques!”

(M990, Muslim, Salat, 136)

THE ELDERLY

عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَبَسَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«مَنْ شَابَ شَيْبَةً فِى سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ كَانَتْ لَهُ نُورًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.»

223. According to ʿAmr b. ʿAbasa (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever becomes white haired in the cause of Allah, the whiteness will be a light for him on the Day of Judgement.”

(T1635, Tirmidhi, Fadha'il al-Jihad, 9)

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«مَا أَكْرَمَ شَابٌّ شَيْخًا لِسِنِّهِ إِلاَّ قَيَّضَ اللَّهُ لَهُ مَنْ يُكْرِمُهُ عِنْدَ سِنِّهِ.»

224. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “If a young person honors an elder because of his old age, Allah appoints for him one who will honor him in his old age.”

(T2022, Tirmidhi, Birr, 75)

عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ لَمْ يَرْحَمْ صَغِيرَنَا وَيَعْرِفْ شَرَفَ كَبِيرِنَا.»

225. According to ʿAmr b. Shuʿayb, narrated from his grandfather through his father that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “He is not one of us who does not have mercy upon our young, nor acknowledges the honor of our elders.”

(T1920, Tirmidhi, Birr, 15)

ORPHANS

عَنْ سَهْلٍ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَنَا وَكَافِلُ الْيَتِيمِ فِى الْجَنَّةِ هَكَذَا.» وَأَشَارَ بِالسَّبَّابَةِ وَالْوُسْطَى وَفَرَّجَ بَيْنَهُمَا شَيْئًا.

226. According to Sahl (b. Saʿd), “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said, ʻI and the one who looks after an orphan will be like this (next to each other) in Paradise,’ showing his middle and index fingers and separating them.”

(B5304, Bukhari, Talaq, 25)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ «خَيْرُ بَيْتٍ فِى الْمُسْلِمِينَ بَيْتٌ فِيهِ يَتِيمٌ يُحْسَنُ إِلَيْهِ وَشَرُّ بَيْتٍ فِى الْمُسْلِمِينَ بَيْتٌ فِيهِ يَتِيمٌ يُسَاءُ إِلَيْهِ.»

227. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The best house among the Muslims is a house in which there is an orphan who is treated well. And the worst house among the Muslims is a house in which there is an orphan who is treated badly.”

(IM3679, Ibn Majah, Adab, 6)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّى أُحَرِّجُ حَقَّ الضَّعِيفَيْنِ الْيَتِيمِ وَالْمَرْأَةِ.»

228. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “O Allah, bear witness that I have warned (people) concerning (failure to fulfill) the rights of the two weak ones: orphans and women.”

(IM3678, Ibn Majah, Adab, 6; HM9664, Ibn Hanbal, II, 440)

NEIGHBORHOOD

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«لاَ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ مَنْ لاَ يَأْمَنُ جَارُهُ بَوَائِقَهُ.»

229. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “He will not enter Paradise whose neighbor is not secure from his wrongful conduct.”

(M172, Muslim, Iman, 73)

عَنْ أَبِى ذَرٍّ قَالَ: إِنَّ خَلِيلِى صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَوْصَانِى:
«إِذَا طَبَخْتَ مَرَقًا فَأَكْثِرْ مَاءَهُ ثُمَّ انْظُرْ أَهْلَ بَيْتٍ مِنْ جِيرَانِكَ فَأَصِبْهُمْ مِنْهَا بِمَعْرُوفٍ.»

230. Abu Dharr (ra) reported Allah’s Messenger (saw) as saying, “Abu Dharr, when you prepare the broth, add water to it and give it (as a present) to your neighbors.”

(M6689, Muslim, Birr, 143)

FRIENDSHIP

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«الرَّجُلُ عَلَى دِينِ خَلِيلِهِ فَلْيَنْظُرْ أَحَدُكُمْ مَنْ يُخَالِلُ.»

231. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “A man will follow the religion of his close friend, so let each of you look to whom he takes as a close friend.”

(T2378, Tirmidhi, Zuhd, 45; D4833, Abu Dawud, Adab, 16)

عَنْ أَبِى مُوسَى عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّمَا مَثَلُ الْجَلِيسِ الصَّالِحِ وَالْجَلِيسِ السَّوْءِ كَحَامِلِ الْمِسْكِ وَنَافِخِ الْكِيرِ؛ فَحَامِلُ الْمِسْكِ إِمَّا أَنْ يُحْذِيَكَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَبْتَاعَ مِنْهُ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَجِدَ مِنْهُ رِيحًا طَيِّباً، وَنَافِخُ الْكِيرِ إِمَّا أَنْ يُحْرِقَ ثِيَابَكَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَجِدَ رِيحًا خَبِيثَةً.»

232. According to Abu Musa (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The example of a good pious companion and an evil one is that of a person carrying musk and another blowing a pair of bellows. The one who is carrying the musk will either give you some perfume as a present, or you will buy some of it from him, or at least you will acquire through smell a fine fragrance from him, but the one who is blowing a pair of bellows will either burn your clothes or you will receive a bad odor from him.”

(M6692, Muslim, Birr, 146; B5534, Bukhari, Sayd, 31)

VISITING THE ILL

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«إِذَا عَادَ الرَّجُلُ الْمَرِيضَ خَاضَ الرَّحْمَةَ حَتَّى إِذَا قَعَدَ عِنْدَهُ قَرَّتْ فِيهِ.»

233. According to Jabir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “When a man visits an ailing person, he is immersed in mercy to such an extent that when he sits with the patient it settles inside him, or the like of that.”

(MU1731, Muwattaʾ, ʿAyn, 7)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِذَا عَادَ مَرِيضًا يَقُولُ: «أَذْهِبِ الْبَاسَ، رَبَّ النَّاسِ، اشْفِهِ أَنْتَ الشَّافِى، لاَ شِفَاءَ إِلاَّ شِفَاؤُكَ، شِفَاءً لاَ يُغَادِرُ سَقَمًا.»

234. According to ʿAisha (ra), the Prophet (saw) would say the following when he visited an ill person, “O Lord of the people, grant him health, heal him, for You are a Great Healer. There is no healer but You with whose healing power one is healed and illness is removed.”

(M5709, Muslim, Salam, 47)

عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ: قَالَ لِى النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا دَخَلْتَ عَلَى مَرِيضٍ فَمُرْهُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ لَكَ. فَإِنَّ دُعَاءَهُ كَدُعَاءِ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ.»

235. According to ʿUmar b. al-Khattab (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “When you enter upon one who is unwell, tell him to pray for you, for his supplication is like the supplication of the angels.”

(IM1441, Ibn Majah, Janaʿiz, 1)

RULERS AND ADMINISTRATION

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا - أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «كُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ وَمَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ، فَالإِمَامُ رَاعٍ وَهْوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ، وَالرَّجُلُ فِى أَهْلِهِ رَاعٍ وَهْوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ، وَالْمَرْأَةُ فِى بَيْتِ زَوْجِهَا رَاعِيَةٌ وَهْىَ مَسْئُولَةٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهَا، وَالْخَادِمُ فِى مَالِ سَيِّدِهِ رَاعٍ وَهْوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ.»

236. ʿAbd Allah b. ʿUmar (ra) reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying, “Every one of you is a guardian, and responsible for what is in his custody. The ruler is a guardian of his subjects and responsible for them; a husband is a guardian of his family and is responsible for it; a woman is a guardian of her husband’s house and is responsible for it, and a servant is a guardian of his master’s property and is responsible for it.”

(B2409, Bukhari, Istiqradh, 20)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ - قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا ضُيِّعَتِ الأَمَانَةُ فَانْتَظِرِ السَّاعَةَ.»

237. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “...When authority is given to those who do not deserve it, then wait for the Hour (Doomsday)...”

(B6496, Bukhari, Riqaq, 35)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّمَا الإِمَامُ جُنَّةٌ، يُقَاتَلُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ، وَيُتَّقَى بِهِ. فَإِنْ أَمَرَ بِتَقْوَى اللَّهِ [عَزَّ وَجَلَّ] وَعَدَلَ كَانَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ أَجْرٌ، وَإِنْ يَأْمُرْ بِغَيْرِهِ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهُ.»

238. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “A commander (of the Muslims) is a shield for them. They fight behind him and they are protected (by him from tyrants and aggressors). If he enjoins fear of Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, and dispenses justice, there will be a (great) reward for him; and if he enjoins otherwise, it redounds on him.”

(M4772, Muslim, Imara, 43)

أَنَّ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ زِيَادٍ عَادَ مَعْقِلَ بْنَ يَسَارٍ فِى مَرَضِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَعْقِلٌ... سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ: «مَا مِنْ أَمِيرٍ يَلِى أَمْرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ثُمَّ لاَ يَجْهَدُ لَهُمْ وَيَنْصَحُ إِلاَّ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ مَعَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ.»

239. ʿUbayd Allah b. Ziyad visited Maʿqil b. Yasar (ra) when he fell ill. Maʿqil said, “… I heard Allah’s Messenger (saw) say, “The ruler who was entrusted with the affairs of the Muslims but did not worked for them and was not sincere in his dealings with them cannot enter Paradise with them.”

(M366, Muslim, Iman, 229)

قَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ مُرَّةَ لِمُعَاوِيَةَ إِنِّى سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «مَا مِنْ إِمَامٍ يُغْلِقُ بَابَهُ دُونَ ذَوِى الْحَاجَةِ وَالْخَلَّةِ وَالْمَسْكَنَةِ إِلاَّ أَغْلَقَ اللَّهُ أَبْوَابَ السَّمَاءِ دُونَ خَلَّتِهِ وَحَاجَتِهِ وَمَسْكَنَتِهِ.»

240. ʿAmr b. Murra told Muʿawiya (ra) that he heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, “No ruler closes his door on one in need, dire straits, and poverty, except that Allah closes the gates of the Heavens from his need, dire straits, and poverty.”

(T1332, Tirmidhi, Ahkam, 6)

JUSTICE

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّ الْمُقْسِطِين عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى عَلَى مَنَابِرَ مِنْ نُورٍ عَلَى يَمِينِ الرَّحْمَنِ، الَّذِينَ يَعْدِلُونَ فِى حُكْمِهِمْ وَأَهْلِيهِمْ وَمَا وَلُوا.»

241. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr b. al-ʿAs (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Those who are just and fair will be with Allah, Most High, on thrones of light, at the right hand of the Most Merciful; those who are just in their rulings and in their dealings with their families and those whom they are in charge of.”

(N5381, Nasa’i, Adab al-Qudat, 1)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِى أَوْفَى قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْقَاضِى مَا لَمْ يَجُرْ. فَإِذَا جَارَ تَخَلَّى عَنْهُ وَلَزِمَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ.»

242. According to ʿAbd Allah b. Abi Awfa (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Allah is with the judge as long as he is not unjust. So when he is unjust, He leaves him and he is attended by Satan.”

(T1330, Tirmidhi, Ahkam, 4)

عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ قَالَ: تَصَدَّقَ عَلَىَّ أَبِى بِبَعْضِ مَالِهِ. فَقَالَتْ أُمِّى عَمْرَةُ بِنْتُ رَوَاحَةَ: لاَ أَرْضَى حَتَّى تُشْهِدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. فَانْطَلَقَ أَبِى إِلَى النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِيُشْهِدَهُ عَلَى صَدَقَتِى. فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَفَعَلْتَ هَذَا بِوَلَدِكَ كُلِّهِمْ.» قَالَ: لاَ. قَالَ: «اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاعْدِلُوا فِى أَوْلاَدِكُمْ.» فَرَجَعَ أَبِى فَرَدَّ تِلْكَ الصَّدَقَةَ.

243. Al-Nu’man b. Bashir (ra) said, “My father donated to me some of his property. My mother, ʿAmra bint Rawaha, said, ʻI shall not be pleased until you make the Messenger of Allah (saw) a witness to it.’ My father went to the Messenger of Allah (saw) in order make him the witness of the donation given to me. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said to him, ʻHave you done the same with every son of yours?’ He said, ʻNo.’ Thereupon, the Prophet (saw) said, ʻFear Allah and observe justice among your children.’ My father returned and took back the gift.”

(M4181, Muslim, Hiba, 13)

RIGHTS

عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِى بَكْرَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ذَكَرَ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَعَدَ عَلَى بَعِيرِهِ وَأَمْسَكَ إِنْسَانٌ بِخِطَامِه أوْ بِزِمَامِاهِ... قَالَ:
«فَإِنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ وَأَعْرَاضَكُمْ بَيْنَكُمْ حَرَامٌ كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا، فِى شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا، فِى بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا...»

244. According to ʿAbd al-Rahman b. Abi Bakra, his father (ra) reported the following: “Once (during the farewell pilgrimage) the Prophet (saw) was riding his camel and a man was holding its rein… He then addressed the people as follows: ‘(O people!) Verily! Your blood, property, and honor are sacred (inviolable) to one another like the sanctity of this day (’Arafa) of yours, this month (Dhu al-Hijjah) of yours and this city (Mecca) of yours...’”

(B67, Bukhari, ʿIlm, 9; M4384, Muslim, Qasama, 30)

عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ مَالِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ دِينِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ دَمِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ أَهْلِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ.»

245. Saʿid b. Zayd (ra) said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, ʻWhoever is killed for his wealth is a martyr, and whoever is killed for his religion is a martyr, and whoever is killed for his blood is a martyr, and whoever is killed over his family is a martyr.’”

(T1421, Tirmidhi, Diyat, 21)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ فَجَاءَهُ فَقَالَ: «...فَإِنَّ لأَهْلِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا وَإِنَّ لِضَيْفِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا وَإِنَّ لِنَفْسِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا...»

246. ʿAisha (ra) related that the Prophet (saw) summoned ʿUthman b. Mazʿun, who had withdrawn from the world, and said, “…ʿUthman, your family has a right on you, your guest has a right on you, and your self (nafs) has a right on you.”

(D1369, Abu Dawud, Tatawwuʿ, 27)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لِلْمُؤْمِنِ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِ سِتُّ خِصَالٍ؛ يَعُودُهُ إِذَا مَرِضَ وَيَشْهَدُهُ إِذَا مَاتَ وَيُجِيبُهُ إِذَا دَعَاهُ وَيُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا لَقِيَهُ وَيُشَمِّتُهُ إِذَا عَطَسَ وَيَنْصَحُ لَهُ إِذَا غَابَ أَوْ شَهِدَ.»

247. Abu Hurayra (ra) reported that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “There are six things due from the believer to another believer: visiting him when he is ill, attending to his funeral when he dies, accepting his invitation when he invites, giving him a greeting when he meets him, praying for blessing to be upon him when he sneezes, and treating him sincerely when he is absent and when he is present.”

(T2737 Tirmidhi, Adab, 1; N1940 Nasaʾi, Janaʾiz, 52)

RESPECTING THE RIGHTS

عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ شَرِيكٍ قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ الأَعْرَابَ يَسْأَلُونَ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَعَلَيْنَا حَرَجٌ فِى كَذَا؟ أَعَلَيْنَا حَرَجٌ فِى كَذَا؟ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: «عِبَادَ اللَّهِ وَضَعَ اللَّهُ الْحَرَجَ إِلاَّ مَنِ اقْتَرَضَ مِنْ عِرْضِ أَخِيهِ شَيْئًا. فَذَاكَ الَّذِى حَرِجَ.»

248. Usama b. Sharik (ra) said, “I saw some bedouins ask the Prophet (saw), ʻWould it be sinful to do this? Would it be sinful to do that?’ The Prophet said, ʻO servants of Allah! Allah has only made sinful that which transgresses the honor of one’s brother. That is what is sinful.’”

(IM3436, Ibn Majah, Tibb, 1; D2015, Abu Dawud, Manasik, 87)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: «أَتَدْرُونَ مَا الْمُفْلِسُ؟» قَالُوا: الْمُفْلِسُ فِينَا مَنْ لَا دِرْهَمَ لَهُ وَلَا مَتَاعَ. فَقَالَ: «إِنَّ الْمُفْلِسَ مِنْ أُمَّتِى، يَأْتِى يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِصَلاَةٍ وَصِيَامٍ وَزَكَاةٍ، وَيَأْتِى قَدْ شَتَمَ هَذَا، وَقَذَفَ هَذَا، وَأَكَلَ مَالَ هَذَا، وَسَفَكَ دَمَ هَذَا، وَضَرَبَ هَذَا، فَيُعْطَى هَذَا مِنْ حَسَنَاتِهِ، وَهَذَا مِنْ حَسَنَاتِهِ، فَإِنْ فَنِيَتْ حَسَنَاتُهُ، قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْضَى مَا عَلَيْهِ، أُخِذَ مِنْ خَطَايَاهُمْ فَطُرِحَتْ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ طُرِحَ فِى النَّارِ.»

249. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), one day the Messenger of Allah (saw) asked, “Do you know who is the bankrupt?” The Companions (ra) said, “In our opinion, a bankrupt person is one who has no money or property.” Thereupon the Prophet (saw) said, “The truly bankrupt of my ummah would be one who would come on the Day of Judgement with prayer, fasting, and zakat. And at the same time he will have cursed this one, slandered that one, consumed the wealth of this one, shed the blood of that one, and beaten this one. So his good deeds would be credited to the account of those (who suffered at his hand). If his good deeds fall short in clearing their account, their sins would be entered in his account and he would be thrown in the Fire.”

(M6579, Muslim, Birr, 59)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: «ثَلاَثَةٌ أَنَا خَصْمُهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ؛ رَجُلٌ أَعْطَى بِى ثُمَّ غَدَرَ، وَرَجُلٌ بَاعَ حُرًّا فَأَكَلَ ثَمَنَهُ، وَرَجُلٌ اسْتَأْجَرَ أَجِيرًا فَاسْتَوْفَى مِنْهُ وَلَمْ يُعْطِهِ أَجْرَهُ.»

250. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Allah the Exalted said, ʻOn the Day of Judgement, I will be the opponent of three kinds of people: One who makes a covenant in my name and then is perfidious, one who sells a free person (as a slave) and consumes the money from the sale, and one who employs a laborer and, although he has completed his work, does not pay him for it.’”

(B2270, Bukhari, Ijara, 10)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«لاَ يَأْخُذُ أَحَدٌ شِبْرًا مِنَ الأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ حَقِّهِ إِلاَّ طَوَّقَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.»

251. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “If one takes a foot of ground without having a right to it, on the Day of Judgement Allah will put on his neck ground seven fold.”

(M4136, Muslim, Musaqat, 141)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: «لاَ يَحْلُبَنَّ أَحَدٌ مَاشِيَةَ امْرِئٍ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ. أَيُحِبُّ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ تُؤْتَى مَشْرُبَتُهُ فَتُكْسَرَ خِزَانَتُهُ فَيُنْتَقَلَ طَعَامُهُ؟ فَإِنَّمَا تَخْزُنُ لَهُمْ ضُرُوعُ مَوَاشِيهِمْ أَطْعِمَاتِهِمْ، فَلاَ يَحْلُبَنَّ أَحَدٌ مَاشِيَةَ أَحَدٍ إِلاَّ بِإِذْنِهِ.»

252. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿUmar (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “An animal should not be milked without the permission of its owner. Would any of you like it if someone came to your larder where you stored your food and drink, broke open the cupboard and took the food that was there? The udders of animals are the stores of their owners where their provision is kept, so no one should milk the animals of someone else without the permission of its owner.”

(B2435, Bukhari, Luqata, 8)

أَنَّ صَفْوَانَ بْنَ سُلَيْمٍ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ عَنْ آبَائِهِمْ دِنْيَةً عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: «أَلاَ مَنْ ظَلَمَ مُعَاهِدًا أَوِ انْتَقَصَهُ أَوْ كَلَّفَهُ فَوْقَ طَاقَتِهِ أَوْ أَخَذَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا بِغَيْرِ طِيبِ نَفْسٍ فَأَنَا حَجِيجُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.»

253. According to a report by Safwan b. Sulaym, a number of the children of Prophet’s Companions reported on the authority of their fathers that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Beware, if anyone wrongs a protected person (dhimmi), or diminishes his right, or forces him to work beyond his capacity, or takes from him anything without his consent, I shall plead for him on the Day of Judgement.”

(D3052, Abu Dawud, Imara, 31, 33)

EQUALITY

عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ حَدَّثَنِي مَنْ سَمِعَ خُطْبَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فِي وَسَطِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ فَقَالَ: «يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَلَا إِنَّ رَبَّكُمْ وَاحِدٌ وَإِنَّ أَبَاكُمْ وَاحِدٌ أَلَا لَا فَضْلَ لِعَرَبِيٍّ عَلَى أَعْجَمِيٍّ وَلَا لِعَجَمِيٍّ عَلَى عَرَبِيٍّ وَلَا لِأَحْمَرَ عَلَى أَسْوَدَ وَلَا أَسْوَدَ عَلَى أَحْمَرَ إِلَّا بِالتَّقْوَى...»

254. According to Abu Nadra (ra), “One of the Companions (ra) who heard the Farewell Sermon that the Messenger of Allah (saw) gave in the midst of the last three days of the Hajj told me that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, ʻO people! Know this well! Your Lord is one. Your ancestor is one. Apart from piety (taqwa), the Arab has no superiority over the non-Arab nor the non-Arab over the Arab nor the white over the black nor the black over the white.’”

(HM23885, Ibn Hanbal V, 411)

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ خَطَبَ النَّاسَ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ فَقَالَ: «يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَذْهَبَ عَنْكُمْ عُبِيَّةَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَتَعَاظُمَهَا بِآبَائِهَا. فَالنَّاسُ رَجُلاَنِ؛ رَجُلٌ بَرٌّ تَقِيٌّ كَرِيمٌ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَفَاجِرٌ شَقِيٌّ هَيِّنٌ عَلَى اللَّهِ. وَالنَّاسُ بَنُو آدَمَ وَخَلَقَ اللَّهُ آدَمَ مِنْ التُّرَابِ...»

255. According to Ibn ʿUmar (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) gave a sermon to the people on the day of the conquest of Mecca and said, “O, people! Allah has removed from you the conceit of the Jahiliyya and its custom of praising forefathers. Now there are two types of men: One who is reverent and fearful of Allah and who is honored before Allah, and one who is shameless and miserable and who is insignificant before Allah. People are the children of Adam and Allah created Adam from dust...”

(T3270, Tirmidhi, Tafsir al-Qurʾan, 49; D5116, Abu Dawud, Adab, 110-111)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «...وَمَنْ بَطَّأَ بِهِ عَمَلُهُ لَمْ يُسْرِعْ بِهِ نَسَبُهُ.»

256. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “... He who is slow paced in doing (good) deeds, his (high) lineage does not make him go ahead.”

(M6853, Muslim, Dhikr, 38)

عَنْ بِنْتِ وَاثِلَةَ بْنِ الْأَسْقَعِ أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتْ أَبَاهَا يَقُولُ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! مَا الْعَصَبِيَّةُ؟ قَالَ: «أَنْ تُعِينَ قَوْمَكَ عَلَى الظُّلْمِ.»

257. Wathila b. al-Asqaʿ reported that she heard her father (ra) say, “I said, ʻO, Messenger of Allah! What is asabiyya (racism, tribalism, tribal solidarity)?’ And he answered, ʻTo befriend your own people even when they are wrong.’”

(D5119, Abu Dawud, Adab, 111-112)

عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: «لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ دَعَا إِلَى عَصَبِيَّةٍ، وَلَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ قَاتَلَ عَلَى عَصَبِيَّةٍ، وَلَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ مَاتَ عَلَى عَصَبِيَّةٍ.»

258. According to Jubayr b. Mutʿim (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “He who appeals to racism does not belong to us; and he who fights for the sake of racism does not belong to us; and he who dies for the sake of racism does not belong to us.”

(D5121, Abu Dawud, Adab, 111-112)

CRIME AND PUNISHMENT

عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الأَحْوَصِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ يَقُولُ فِى حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ: «...أَلاَ لاَ يَجْنِى جَانٍ إِلاَّ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ. وَلاَ يَجْنِى وَالِدٌ عَلَى وَلَدِهِ وَلاَ مَوْلُودٌ عَلَى وَالِدِهِ...»

259. Sulayman b. ʿAmr b. al-Ahwas said that his father (ra) said, “I heard the Prophet (saw) say during the Farewell Pilgrimage, ʻ... A person is only responsible for the crimes that he commits. No father is to be punished for the crimes of his child, and no child is to be punished for the crimes of his father...’”

(IM3055, Ibn Majah, Manasik, 76)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «حَدٌّ يُعْمَلُ بِهِ فِى الأَرْضِ خَيْرٌ لأَهْلِ الأَرْضِ مِنْ أَنْ يُمْطَرُوا أَرْبَعِينَ صَبَاحًا.»

260. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “A legal punishment that is carried out in the land is better for the people of that land than if it were to rain for forty days.”

(IM2538, Ibn Majah, Hudud, 3)

عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ قَالَ: كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فِى مَجْلِسٍ فَقَالَ: «تُبَايِعُونِى عَلَى أَنْ لاَ تُشْرِكُوا بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا، وَلاَ تَزْنُوا، وَلاَ تَسْرِقُوا، وَلاَ تَقْتُلُوا النَّفْسَ الَّتِى حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ، فَمَنْ وَفَى مِنْكُمْ فَأَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِ، وَمَنْ أَصَابَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَعُوقِبَ بِهِ، فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَهُ، وَمَنْ أَصَابَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَسَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ، فَأَمْرُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ إِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا عَنْهُ، وَإِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُ.»

261. ʿUbada b. al-Samit (ra) said, “We were with the Messenger of Allah (saw) in a meeting and he said, ʻPledge to me that you will associate nothing with Allah, that you will not commit zina (adultery), that you will not commit theft, and that you will not kill anyone unjustly, which Allah has forbidden. Whoever among you keeps his promise, his reward is with Allah. Whoever does one of these things and as a result is punished, this is his recompense. Furthermore, whoever does one of these things, even if Allah hid it, the consequences of it will remain with Allah. If He wishes, He will forgive it. If He wishes, He will punish it.’”

(M4461, Muslim, Hudud, 41)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«لاَ ضَرَرَ وَلاَ إِضِرَارَ.»

262. According to Ibn ʿAbbas (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “There should be neither harm nor reciprocating harm.”

(IM2341, Ibn Majah, Ahkam, 17)

RESOLVING LEGAL DISPUTES

عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ، وَإِنَّكُمْ تَخْتَصِمُونَ إِلَىَّ، وَلَعَلَّ بَعْضَكُمْ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَلْحَنَ بِحُجَّتِهِ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَأَقْضِى نَحْوَ مَا أَسْمَعُ، فَمَنْ قَضَيْتُ لَهُ بِحَقِّ أَخِيهِ شَيْئًا فَلاَ يَأْخُذْهُ، فَإِنَّمَا أَقْطَعُ لَهُ قِطْعَةً مِنَ النَّارِ.»

263. According to Umm Salama (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “I am only a human being, and you bring your quarrels to me. It may be that one of you can present his case eloquently in a more convincing way than the other, and I give my verdict according to what I hear. So if ever I judge (by error) and give the right of a brother to his other (brother) then he (the latter) should not take it, for I am giving him only a piece of Fire.”

(B7169, Bukhari, Ahkam, 20)

عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِذَا حَكَمَ الْحَاكِمُ فَاجْتَهَدَ ثُمَّ أَصَابَ فَلَهُ أَجْرَانِ. وَإِذَا حَكَمَ فَاجْتَهَدَ ثُمَّ أَخْطَأَ فَلَهُ أَجْرٌ.»

264. According to ʿAmr b. al-ʿAs (ra), he heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, “When a judge gives a ruling, he exercises his own judgement (according to his own ability). Subsequently, if he has made a sound decision, he will double his reward (in the next world). If, after exercising his own judgement, it subsequently appears that he made a mistake, he will gain one reward.”

(M4487, Muslim, Aqdiyya, 15)

عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِى بَكْرَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «أَلاَ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِأَكْبَرِ الْكَبَائِرِ؟» ثَلَاثًا. قُلْنَا: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. قَالَ: «الْإِشْرَاكُ بِاللَّهِ، وَعُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ.» وَكَانَ مُتَّكِئًا فَجَلَسَ فَقَالَ: «أَلاَ وَقَوْلُ الزُّورِ وَشَهَادَةُ الزُّورِ، أَلاَ وَقَوْلُ الزُّورِ وَشَهَادَةُ الزُّورِ.» فَمَا زَالَ يَقُولُهَا حَتَّى قُلْتُ: لاَ يَسْكُتُ.

265. According to ʿAbd al-Rahman b. Abi Bakra, his father (Abu Bakra) (ra) said, “The Prophet (saw) said three times, ʻShall I tell you the greatest of the great sins?’ We said, ʻYes, O Messenger of Allah!’ He then said, ʻTo associate any partner with Allah and to be disobedient to one’s parents.’ Then he sat up after he had been reclining and added, ʻAnd I warn you against false statements and false testimony! I warn you against false statements and false testimony!’ He kept on saying this until I thought he would never stop.”

(B5976, Bukhari, Adab, 6)

عَنْ مُعَاذٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعَثَ مُعَاذًا إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَقَالَ: «كَيْفَ تَقْضِى؟» فَقَالَ: أَقْضِى بِمَا فِى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ. قَالَ: «فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِى كِتَابِ اللَّهِ؟» قَالَ: فَبِسُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. قَالَ: «فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِى سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟» قَالَ: أَجْتَهِدُ رَأْيِى. قَالَ: «الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِى وَفَّقَ رَسُولَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.»

266. According to Muʿadh (ra), (before) the Messenger of Allah (saw) sent him to Yemen they had the following discussion:

- How will you judge (when a case comes to you)?

- I will judge in accordance with Allah’s Book.

- (What will you do) if you do not find any guidance in Allah’s Book?

- (I will act) in accordance with the sunnah of the Messenger of Allah.

- And if there is nothing in the sunnah of the Messenger of Allah?

- I will make a great effort to form an opinion and then judge accordingly.” Thereupon the Messenger of Allah said, “Praise be to Allah Who made the messenger of the Messenger of Allah successful (in giving the expected answer).”

(T1327, Tirmidhi, Ahkam, 3; D3592, Abu Dawud, Qadaʾ, (Aqdiyya), 11)

SOCIAL SOLIDARITY AND HABITUATION

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهَا قَالَت: …قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّ مِنْ شَرِّ النَّاسِ مَنِ اتَّقَاهُ النَّاسُ لِشَرِّهِ.»

267. According to ʿAisha (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Among the most evil of people is the one with whom people are cautious because of his evil.”

(MU1639, Muwatta’, Husn al-Khalq, 1)

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «الْمُؤْمِنُ مُؤْلَفٌ وَلَا خَيْرَ فِيمَنْ لَا يَأْلَفُ وَلَا يُؤْلَفُ.»

268. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “A believer is a kindhearted person. Those who do not have good relations with other people, and do not let others near to them are not people of good character.”

(HM9187, Ibn Hanbal, II, 400)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُزَحْزَحَ عَنْ النَّارِ وَيَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ فَلْتُدْرِكْهُ مَنِيَّتُهُ وَهُوَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَيَأْتِي إِلَى النَّاسِ مَا يُحِبُّ أَنْ يُؤْتَى إِلَيْه.»ِ

269. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever wishes to avoid Hell and go to Paradise should die with faith in Allah and the Last Day, and should treat the people as he wishes to be treated by them.”

(HM6807, Ibn Hanbal, II, 192; M4776, Muslim, Imara, 46)

عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا - قَالَ: أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِسَبْعٍ بِعِيَادَةِ الْمَرِيضِ، وَاتِّبَاعِ الْجَنَائِزِ، وَتَشْمِيتِ الْعَاطِسِ، وَنَصْرِ الضَّعِيفِ، وَعَوْنِ الْمَظْلُومِ، وَإِفْشَاءِ السَّلاَمِ، وَإِبْرَارِ الْمُقْسِمِ.

270. Al-Bara’ b. ʿAzib (ra) said, “The Prophet (saw) ordered us to do seven things: Visit the sick, follow funeral processions, wish the mercy of Allah for the one who sneezes, help the weak, help the oppressed, spread greetings, and help others fulfill their oaths.”

(B6235, Bukhari, Isti’dhan, 8)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ نَفَّسَ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ كُرْبَةً مِنْ كُرَبِ الدُّنْيَا نَفَّسَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كُرْبَةً مِنْ كُرَبِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَمَنْ يَسَّرَ عَلَى مُعْسِرٍ يَسَّرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فِى الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ، وَمَنْ سَتَرَ عَلَى مُسْلِمٍ سَتَرَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فِى الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ، وَاللَّهُ فِى عَوْنِ الْعَبْدِ مَا كَانَ الْعَبْدُ فِى عَوْنِ أَخِيهِ.»

271. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “If anyone removes his brother’s anxiety of this world, Allah will remove for him one of the anxieties of the Day of Resurrection; if anyone makes it easy for an impoverished man, Allah will make it easy for him in this world and on the Day of Resurrection; if anyone conceals a Muslim’s secrets, Allah will conceal his secrets in this world and on the Day of Resurrection; Allah will remain in the aid of a servant so long as the servant remains in the aid of his brother.”

(D4946, Abu Dawud, Adab, 60)

عَنِ الْمَعْرُورِ قَالَ: لَقِيتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ بِالرَّبَذَةِ وَعَلَيْهِ حُلَّةٌ وَعَلَى غُلاَمِهِ حُلَّةٌ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ. فَقَالَ: إِنِّى سَابَبْتُ رَجُلاً فَعَيَّرْتُهُ بِأُمِّهِ. فَقَالَ لِىَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ! أَعَيَّرْتَهُ بِأُمِّهِ؟ إِنَّكَ امْرُؤٌ فِيكَ جَاهِلِيَّةٌ، إِخْوَانُكُمْ خَوَلُكُمْ جَعَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَحْتَ أَيْدِيكُمْ، فَمَنْ كَانَ أَخُوهُ تَحْتَ يَدِهِ فَلْيُطْعِمْهُ مِمَّا يَأْكُلُ، وَلْيُلْبِسْهُ مِمَّا يَلْبَسُ، وَلاَ تُكَلِّفُوهُمْ مَا يَغْلِبُهُمْ، فَإِنْ كَلَّفْتُمُوهُمْ فَأَعِينُوهُمْ.»

272. Al-Maʿrur (ra) narrated, “I met Abu Dharr at al-Rabadha. He and his slave were wearing the same attire. I asked him the reason for this. He said, ʻI exchanged abusive language with a man. I abused him by calling his mother bad names. Then the Prophet (saw) said to me, ‘O Abu Dharr! Did you abuse him by calling his mother bad names? You are a man (in which there are traces of) the period of the Jahiliyya. Your slaves are your brothers and Allah has put them under your protection. Whoever has a brother under his command should feed him what he eats and dress him with what he wears. Do not ask them (the slaves) to do things beyond their power, and if you do, then help them.’”

(B30, Bukhari, Iman, 22)

عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِى لَيْلَى أَنَّ قَيْسَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ وَسَهْلَ بْنَ حُنَيْفٍ كَانَا بِالْقَادِسِيَّةِ فَمَرَّتْ بِهِمَا جَنَازَةٌ فَقَامَا فَقِيلَ لَهُمَا: إِنَّهَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الأَرْضِ. فَقَالاَ:إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَرَّتْ بِهِ جَنَازَةٌ فَقَامَ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: إِنَّهُ يَهُودِيٌّ. فَقَالَ: «أَلَيْسَتْ نَفْسًا.»

273. According to Ibn Abi Layla, while Qays b. Saʿd and Sahl b. Hunayf (ra) were both in Qadisiyya, a bier passed by them and they both stood up. They were told that it was the bier of one of the dhimmis (a non-Muslim granted to live in Muslim lands in return to pay taxes). They reported that a bier had passed before the Prophet (saw) and he had stood up. He was also told that he (the deceased) was a Jew. Thereupon he remarked, “Was he not also a human being or did he not have a soul?”

(M2225, Muslim, Janaʾiz, 81; B1312, Bukhari, Janaʾiz, 49)

PRIVATE LIFE

عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ قَالَ: أَقْبَلْتُ بِحَجَرٍ أَحْمِلُهُ ثَقِيلٍ وَعَلَىَّ إِزَارٌ خَفِيفٌ. قَالَ: فَانْحَلَّ إِزَارِى وَمَعِىَ الْحَجَرُ لَمْ أَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ أَضَعَهُ حَتَّى بَلَغْتُ بِهِ إِلَى مَوْضِعِه.ِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «ارْجِعْ إِلَى ثَوْبِكَ فَخُذْهُ وَلاَ تَمْشُوا عُرَاةً.»

274. Al-Miswar b. Makhrama (ra) recounted, “I was carrying a heavy rock, and wearing a thin waistcloth. While carrying it, my waistcloth became lose and fell off. I could not drop the rock until I arrived at the destination. Thereupon, the Prophet (saw) said, ʻGo and get your dress. Do not stroll undressed.’”

(M773, Muslim, Haidh, 78)

عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِىَّ يَقُولُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِنَّ مِنْ أَعْظَمِ الأَمَانَةِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، الرَّجُلَ يُفْضِى إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ وَتُفْضِى إِلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ يَنْشُرُ سِرَّهَا.»

275. ʿAbd al-Rahman b. Saʿd related what he heard from Abu Saʿid al-Khudri (ra) as follows: “The Messenger of Allah (saw) said, ʻThe most wicked among the people in the eye of Allah on the Day of Judgement is the man who goes to his wife and she comes to him (they have intercourse) and then he divulges her secret.’”

(M3543, Muslim, Nikah, 124; D4870, Abu Dawud, Adab, 32)

عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لاَ يَحِلُّ لاِمْرِئٍ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ فِى جَوْفِ بَيْتِ امْرِئٍ حَتَّى يَسْتَأْذِنَ فَإِنْ نَظَرَ فَقَدْ دَخَلَ.»

276. According to Thawban (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “It is not allowed for a man to look inside another man’s house until he has been given permission, for if he looks, then (it is as if) he has entered.”

(T357, Tirmidhi, Salat, 148; HM22779, Ibn Hanbal, V, 280)

SALUTATION

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «لاَ تَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى تُؤْمِنُوا وَلاَ تُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى تَحَابُّوا. أَوَلاَ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى شَىْءٍ إِذَا فَعَلْتُمُوهُ تَحَابَبْتُمْ؟ أَفْشُوا السَّلاَمَ بَيْنَكُمْ.»

277. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “You shall not enter Paradise so long as you do not affirm belief (in all those things which are the articles of faith) and you will not believe as long as you do not love one another. Should I not direct you to a thing which, if you do, will foster love among you? Spread the salam (greeting) amongst yourselves.”

(M194, Muslim, Iman, 93)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا - أَنَّ رَجُلاً سَأَلَ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: أَىُّ الإِسْلاَمِ خَيْرٌ؟ قَالَ: «تُطْعِمُ الطَّعَامَ وَتَقْرَأُ السَّلاَمَ عَلَى مَنْ عَرَفْتَ وَمَنْ لَمْ تَعْرِفْ.»

278. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr (ra), a man asked the Prophet (saw), “What sort of deeds or (what qualities of) Islam are better?” The Prophet (saw) replied, “To feed (the poor) and greet those whom you know and those whom you do not know.”

(B12, Bukhari, Iman, 6)

GIFT GIVING

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«تَهَادُوا فَإِنَّ الْهَدِيَّةَ تُذْهِبُ وَحَرَ الصَّدْرِ.»

279. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet said, “Give each other gifts, for indeed the gift removes bad feelings from the chest.”

(T2130, Tirmidhi, Wala’, 6)

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «مَنْ سَأَلَكُمْ بِاللَّهِ فَأَعْطُوهُ وَمَنْ دَعَاكُمْ فَأَجِيبُوهُ وَمَنْ أَهْدَى لَكُمْ فَكَافِئُوهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوا مَا تُكَافِئُوهُ فَادْعُوا لَهُ.»

280. According to Ibn ʿUmar (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “If anyone asks something from you in the name of Allah, give it to him; if you are invited, respond to it; if you are given a gift, return a gift to him. If you do not have anything to give, then pray for him.”

(HM5703, Ibn Hanbal, II, 96)

ENJOINING GOOD AND FORBIDDING EVIL

عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ لَمْ يَرْحَمْ صَغِيرَنَا وَيُوَقِّرْ كَبِيرَنَا وَيَأْمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ.»

281. According to Ibn ʿAbbas, the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “He is not one of us who does not have mercy upon our young, respect our elders, and enjoin good and forbid evil.”

(T1921, Tirmidhi, Birr, 15)

حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِى بُرْدَةَ بْنِ أَبِى مُوسَى الأَشْعَرِىِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ صَدَقَةٌ.» قَالُوا: فَإِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ. قَالَ: «فَيَعْمَلُ بِيَدَيْهِ فَيَنْفَعُ نَفْسَهُ وَيَتَصَدَّقُ.» قَالُوا: فَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَوْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ. قَالَ: «فَيُعِينُ ذَا الْحَاجَةِ الْمَلْهُوفَ.» قَالُوا: فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ. قَالَ: «فَيَأْمُرُ بِالْخَيْرِ.» أَوْ قَالَ: «بِالْمَعْرُوفِ» قَالَ: فَإِنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ. قَالَ «فَيُمْسِكُ عَنِ الشَّرِّ فَإِنَّهُ لَهُ صَدَقَةٌ.»

282. Saʿid b. Abi Burda b. Abi Musa al-Ashʿari said that his father said that his grandfather (ra) said that the Prophet (saw) said, “Every Muslim should give sadaqah.” They (the people) said, “If one has nothing?” He said, “He should work with his hands so that he may benefit himself and give in charity.” They said, “If he cannot work or does not work?” He said, “Then he should help the oppressed unhappy person (by word or action or both).” They said, “If he cannot do it?” He said, “Then he should enjoin what is good (or what is acceptable).” They said, “If he cannot do that?” He said, “Then he should refrain from doing evil, for that will be considered for him as a sadaqah (charity).’”

(B6022, Bukhari, Adab, 33)

حَدَّثَنَا زَكَرِيَّاءُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَامِرًا يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ النُّعْمَانَ بْنَ بَشِيرٍ - رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا - عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَثَلُ الْقَائِمِ عَلَى حُدُودِ اللَّهِ وَالْوَاقِعِ فِيهَا كَمَثَلِ قَوْمٍ اسْتَهَمُوا عَلَى سَفِينَةٍ فَأَصَابَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَعْلاَهَا وَبَعْضُهُمْ أَسْفَلَهَا. فَكَانَ الَّذِينَ فِى أَسْفَلِهَا إِذَا اسْتَقَوْا مِنَ الْمَاءِ مَرُّوا عَلَى مَنْ فَوْقَهُمْ، فَقَالُوا: لَوْ أَنَّا خَرَقْنَا فِى نَصِيبِنَا خَرْقًا وَلَمْ نُؤْذِ مَنْ فَوْقَنَا. فَإِنْ يَتْرُكُوهُمْ وَمَا أَرَادُوا هَلَكُوا جَمِيعًا ، وَإِنْ أَخَذُوا عَلَى أَيْدِيهِمْ نَجَوْا وَنَجَوْا جَمِيعًا.»

283. It was narrated from Nuʿman b. Bashir (ra) that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The example of the person abiding by Allah’s order and restrictions in comparison to those who violate them is like the example of those persons who drew lots for their seats in a boat. Some of them got seats in the upper part of the boat, and others in the lower part. When the latter needed water, they had to go upstairs to get water (and that troubled the others), so they said, ʻLet us make a hole in our share of the ship (and get water directly) saving those who are above us from troubling them.’ So, if the people in the upper part let the others do what they had suggested all the people of the ship would be destroyed, but if they prevented them, both parties would be safe.”

(B2493 Bukhari, Shirka, 6)

عَنْ أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ قَالَ: ... سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «يُؤْتَى بِالرَّجُلِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيُلْقَى فِى النَّارِ، فَتَنْدَلِقُ أَقْتَابُ بَطْنِهِ، فَيَدُورُ بِهَا كَمَا يَدُورُ الْحِمَارُ بِالرَّحَى. فَيَجْتَمِعُ إِلَيْهِ أَهْلُ النَّارِ، فَيَقُولُونَ: يَا فُلاَنُ! مَا لَكَ؟ أَلَمْ تَكُنْ تَأْمُرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَتَنْهَى عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ؟ فَيَقُولُ: بَلَى، قَدْ كُنْتُ آمُرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلاَ آتِيهِ، وَأَنْهَى عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَآتِيهِ.»

284. According to Usama b. Zayd (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, “A man will be brought on Resurrection Day and thrown into Hell Fire and his intestines will pour forth in Hell and he will go round along with them, as an ass goes round the mill stone. The denizens of Hell will gather round him and say: ʻO, so and so, what has happened to you? Were you not enjoining us to do good and forbid wrong?’ He will say, ʻOf course, it is so; I used to enjoin (people) to do good but I did not practice that myself. I used to forbid people to do wrong, but I practiced it myself.’”

(M7483, Muslim, Zuhd, 51)

JIHAD (STRUGGLE IN THE PATH OF ALLAH)

عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْجَنْبِيِّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي فَضَالَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ قَالَ :قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ:«…الْمُجَاهِدُ مَنْ جَاهَدَ نَفْسَهُ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ …»

285. ʿAmr b. Malik al-Janbi said, “Fadala b. ʿUbayd (ra) told me that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said the following in his Farewell Pilgrimage: ʻThe mujahid (one who engages in jihad) is the one who struggles with his own ego to obey Allah.’”

(HM24458, Ibn Hanbal, VI, 22)

عَنْ أَبِى سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِىِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ «أَفْضَلُ الْجِهَادِ كَلِمَةُ عَدْلٍ عِنْدَ سُلْطَانٍ جَائِرٍ.»

286. According to Abu Saʿid al Khudri (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The most valuable jihad is the one to tell the truth in front of a tyrannical ruler.”

(IM4011, Ibn Majah, Fitan, 20; D4344, Abu Dawud, Malahim, 17)

KNOWLEDGE (LEARNING/TEACHING)

عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ قَالَ: قَدِمَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى أَبِى الدَّرْدَاءِ وَهُوَ بِدِمَشْقَ فَقَالَ: مَا أَقْدَمَكَ يَا أَخِى؟ فَقَالَ: حَدِيثٌ بَلَغَنِى أَنَّكَ تُحَدِّثُهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ... قَالَ: فَإِنِّى سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ سَلَكَ طَرِيقًا يَبْتَغِى فِيهِ عِلْمًا سَلَكَ اللَّهُ بِهِ طَرِيقًا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِنَّ الْمَلاَئِكَةَ لَتَضَعُ أَجْنِحَتَهَا رِضًا لِطَالِبِ الْعِلْمِ وَإِنَّ الْعَالِمَ لَيَسْتَغْفِرُ لَهُ مَنْ فِى السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَنْ فِى الأَرْضِ حَتَّى الْحِيتَانُ فِى الْمَاءِ وَفَضْلُ الْعَالِمِ عَلَى الْعَابِدِ كَفَضْلِ الْقَمَرِ عَلَى سَائِرِ الْكَوَاكِبِ إِنَّ الْعُلَمَاءَ وَرَثَةُ الأَنْبِيَاءِ إِنَّ الأَنْبِيَاءَ لَمْ يُوَرِّثُوا دِينَارًا وَلاَ دِرْهَمًا إِنَّمَا وَرَّثُوا الْعِلْمَ فَمَنْ أَخَذَ بِهِ فقَدْ أَخَذَ بِحَظٍّ وَافِرٍ.»

287. According to Qays b. Kathir, “A man from Medina came to Abu al-Dardaʾ when he was in Damascus. Abu al-Dardaʾ said, ʻWhat brings you here, O my brother?’ He replied, ʻA hadith reached me which you have related from the Messenger of Allah.’ … So Abu al-Darda said, ʻIndeed, I heard the Messenger of Allah say, ʻWhoever takes a path upon which he seeks knowledge, then Allah makes the path to Paradise easy for him. And indeed the angels lower their wings in approval to the one seeking knowledge. Indeed, forgiveness is sought for the knowledgeable one by whomever is in the heavens and whomever is on earth, even the fish in the waters. And the superiority of the scholar over the worshiper is like the superiority of the moon over the rest of the celestial bodies. Indeed, the scholars are the heirs of the prophets, and the prophets do not leave behind gold or silver. The only legacy of the scholars is knowledge, so whoever takes from it, then he has indeed taken the great share.’”

(T2682, Tirmidhi, ʻIlm, 19)

عَنْ أَبِى الدَّرْدَاءِ قَالَ : خَطَبَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- فَقَالَ: «نَضَّرَ اللَّهُ امْرَأً سَمِعَ مِنَّا حَدِيثاً فَبَلَّغَهُ كَمَا سَمِعَهُ. فَرُبَّ مُبَلَّغٍ أَوْعَى مِنْ سَامِعٍ...»

288. According to Abu al-Dardaʾ (ra), “Allah’s Messenger (saw) gave a khutbah and said, “May Allah gladden a man who hears a hadith from us, so he memorizes it until he conveys it to someone else. Perhaps he carries the knowledge to one who is more understanding than him.”

(DM236, Darimi, Muqaddima, 24; T2657, Tirmidhi, ʻIlm, 7)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِذَا مَاتَ الإِنْسَانُ انْقَطَعَ عَنْهُ عَمَلُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ ثَلاَثَةٍ: إِلاَّ مِنْ صَدَقَةٍ جَارِيَةٍ أَوْ عِلْمٍ يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ أَوْ وَلَدٍ صَالِحٍ يَدْعُو لَهُ.»

289. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “When a man dies, his acts come to an end, except for three: recurring charity, or knowledge (by which people) benefit, or a pious son who prays for him.”

(M4223, Muslim, Wasiyya, 14)

HALAL AND HARAM

عَنْ سَلْمَانَ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ السَّمْنِ وَالْجُبْنِ وَالْفِرَاءِ فَقَالَ: «الْحَلاَلُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ فِى كِتَابِهِ، وَالْحَرَامُ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ فِى كِتَابِهِ، وَمَا سَكَتَ عَنْهُ فَهُوَ مِمَّا عَفَا عَنْهُ.»

290. According to Salman (ra), when the Messenger of Allah (saw) was asked about fat, cheese, and clothing made of animal skins, he gave the following answer: “Halal is what Allah made permissible in His Book. Haram is what Allah made not permissible in His Book. As for the things that are not mentioned, they are things that He has pardoned (permitted).”

(T1726, Tirmidhi, Libas, 6; IM3367, Ibn Majah, Atʿimah, 60)

عَنِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ بَشِيرٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: - وَأَهْوَى النُّعْمَانُ بِإِصْبَعَيْهِ إِلَى أُذُنَيْهِ – «إِنَّ الْحَلاَلَ بَيِّنٌ وَإِنَّ الْحَرَامَ بَيِّنٌ وَبَيْنَهُمَا مُشْتَبِهَاتٌ لاَ يَعْلَمُهُنَّ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ، فَمَنِ اتَّقَى الشُّبُهَاتِ اسْتَبْرَأَ لِدِينِهِ وَعِرْضِهِ، وَمَنْ وَقَعَ فِى الشُّبُهَاتِ وَقَعَ فِى الْحَرَامِ …»

291. Nuʿman b. Bashir (ra) related what he heard the Prophet (saw) say showing his fingers and two ears: “What is religiously permissible is obvious. What is not permissible is also obvious. Between these things are a number of things about which there is doubt so that most people do not know what they are. Whoever avoids doubtful things will protect his faith and his honor. Whoever succumbs to doubtful things, will have fallen into error ...”

(M4094, Muslim, Musaqat, 107)

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَجْمِلُوا فِى الطَّلَبِ. فَإِنَّ نَفْسًا لَنْ تَمُوتَ حَتَّى تَسْتَوْفِىَ رِزْقَهَا، وَإِنْ أَبْطَأَ عَنْهَا. فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَجْمِلُوا فِى الطَّلَبِ. خُذُوا مَا حَلَّ، وَدَعُوا مَا حَرُمَ.»

292. According to Jabir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said the following: “O People! Fear Allah and act well in seeking a living for no soul will die before receiving his full share of sustenance, even if it is slow in coming. Therefore, fear Allah and act well in seeking a living. Take that which is permissible and avoid that which is forbidden.”

(IM2144, Ibn Majah, Tijarah, 2)

عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ:
«كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ خَمْرٌ وَكُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ.»

293. According to Ibn ʿUmar (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Every intoxicant is khamr and every intoxicant is forbidden.”

(M5219, Muslim, Ashribah, 74)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:
«أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ! إِنَّ اللَّهَ طَيِّبٌ لاَ يَقْبَلُ إِلاَّ طَيِّبًا. وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ أَمَرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَا أَمَرَ بِهِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ. فَقَالَ: {يَا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَاعْمَلُوا صَالِحًا إِنِّى بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ} وَقَالَ: {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ}. ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الرَّجُلَ، يُطِيلُ السَّفَرَ، أَشْعَثَ، أَغْبَرَ، يَمُدُّ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ: يَا رَبِّ! يَا رَبِّ! وَمَطْعَمُهُ حَرَامٌ وَمَشْرَبُهُ حَرَامٌ وَمَلْبَسُهُ حَرَامٌ وَغُذِىَ بِالْحَرَامِ فَأَنَّى يُسْتَجَابُ لِذَلِكَ؟»

294. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “O people, Allah is Clean and He therefore accepts only that which is clean. And Allah commanded the believers as He commanded the Messengers.” Then he recited the following verses: “O Messengers, eat good things and do good deeds: I am well aware of what you do.” (Mu’minun, 23/51) and “You who believe, eat the good things We have provided for you…” (Baqarah, 2/172). The Prophet (saw) then mentioned a person who travels widely, his hair disheveled and covered with dust. He lifts his hand toward the sky (and thus makes the supplication): “O Lord, O Lord!” And the Prophet (saw) added, “Whereas his food is haram, his drink is haram, his clothes are haram and his nourishment is haram. How can then his supplication be accepted?”

(M2346, Muslim, Zakat, 65; T2989, Tirmidhi, Tafsir al-Qurʾan, 2)

LABOR AND TOIL

عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَال: «لأَنْ يَأْخُذَ أَحَدُكُمْ حَبْلَهُ، فَيَأْتِيَ بِحُزْمَةِ الْحَطَبِ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَيَبِيعَهَا، فَيَكُفَّ اللَّهُ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ، خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَسْأَلَ النَّاسَ، أَعْطَوْهُ أَوْ مَنَعُوهُ.»

295. According to al-Zubayr b. al-ʿAwwam (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “It is better for one of you to take a rope and bring a bundle of wood on his back to sell, and as a result Allah will esteem him, than to ask for something from people who may or may not give it.”

(B1471, Bukhari, Zakat, 50)

عَنِ الْمِقْدَامِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَال: «مَا أَكَلَ أَحَدٌ طَعَامًا قَطُّ خَيْرًا مِنْ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ عَمَلِ يَدِهِ. وَإِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ كَانَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ عَمَلِ يَدِهِ.»

296. According to al-Miqdam (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “No one has ever eaten a better meal than that [which he has earned] by manual labor. The Prophet of Allah, Dawud, used to eat from [the earnings] of his manual labor.”

(B2072, Bukhari, Buyuʿ, 15)

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إذَا أَتَى أَحَدَكُمْ خَادِمُهُ بِطَعَامِهِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يُجْلِسْهُ مَعَهُ، فَلْيُنَاوِلْهُ لُقْمَةً أَوْ لُقْمَتَيْنِ أَوْ أُكْلَةً أَوْ أُكْلَتَيْنِ، فَإِنَّهُ وَلِيَ عِلَاجَهُ.»

297. Muhammad b. Ziyad said that Abu Hurayra (ra) heard the Prophet (saw) say, “When your servant brings your meals to you, then if you do not let him sit and share the meal, then you should at least give him a mouthful or two mouthfuls of that meal or a meal or two meals, as he has prepared it.”

(B2557, Bukhari, ʿItq, 18)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ :
«أَعْطُوا الْأَجِيرَ أَجْرَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَجِفَّ عَرَقُهُ.»

298. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿUmar (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Give the worker his wages before his sweat dries!”

(IM2443, Ibn Majah, Ruhun, 4)

COMMERCE

عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ:
«الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَفْتَرِقَا، فَإِنْ صَدَقَا وَبَيَّنَا بُورِكَ لَهُمَا فِى بَيْعِهِمَا، وَإِنْ كَتَمَا وَكَذَبَا مُحِقَتِ الْبَرَكَةُ مِنْ بَيْعِهِمَا.»

299. According to Hakim b. Hizam (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said: “Both parties in a business transaction have a right of option (to annul it) so long as they are not separated [from each other]; and if they tell the truth and make everything clear, they will be blessed in their transaction, but if they conceal anything and lie, the blessing on their transaction will be erased.”

(D3459, Abu Dawud, Ijara, 51)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ؛ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَرَّ عَلَى صُبْرَةِ طَعَامٍ، فَأَدْخَلَ يَدَهُ فِيهَا فَنَالَتْ أَصَابِعُهُ بَلَلاً. فَقَالَ: «مَا هَذَا يَا صَاحِبَ الطَّعَامِ؟» قَالَ: أَصَابَتْهُ السَّمَاءُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! قَالَ: «أَفَلاَ جَعَلْتَهُ فَوْقَ الطَّعَامِ كَيْ يَرَاهُ النَّاسُ؟ مَنْ غَشَّ فَلَيْسَ مِنِّى.»

300. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), “The Messenger of Allah (saw) came to a pile of grain (while walking about the market in Medina). He thrust his hand into the grain and his fingers felt wetness. He then addressed owner of the grain, saying, ʻWhat is this?’ He replied, ʻO, Messenger of Allah! My goods got wet in the rain.’ Thereupon the Prophet (saw) said, ʻWhy did you not place this (the wet part of the heap) on top of the grain so that people could see it? He who deceives is not one of us.’”

(M284, Muslim, Iman, 164)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الْغَرَرِ.

301. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) forbade sales in which there was (the risk of) deception.

(D3376, Abu Dawud, Buyuʿ, 24)

عَنْ أَبِى سَعِيدٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ: «التَّاجِرُ الصَّدُوقُ الأَمِينُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ.»

302. According to Abu Saʿid (ra), the Prophet (saw) said: “The honest and trustworthy merchant is with the prophets, the siddiq (eminently truthful), and the martyrs.”

(T1209, Tirmidhi, Buyuʿ, 4)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ:
«...وَلاَ يَبِعْ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ بَعْضٍ وَلاَ تَنَاجَشُوا ...»

303. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) stated the following: “... Do not sell on each other’s sales and do not provoke the customers...”

(M3815, Muslim, Buyuʿ, 11)

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «رَحِمَ اللَّهُ رَجُلاً سَمْحًا إِذَا بَاعَ وَإِذَا اشْتَرَى وَإِذَا اقْتَضَى.»

304. According to Jabir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “May Allah’s mercy be on him who is tolerant in his buying, selling, and demanding [what he is owed].”

(B2076, Bukhari, Buyuʿ, 16)

HARAM EARNING

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ: «اجْتَنِبُوا السَّبْعَ الْمُوبِقَاتِ.» قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! وَمَا هُنَّ؟ قَالَ: «الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ، وَالسِّحْرُ، وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِى حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلاَّ بِالْحَقِّ، وَأَكْلُ الرِّبَا، وَأَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ، وَالتَّوَلِّى يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ، وَقَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ الْغَافِلاَتِ.»

305. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Avoid the seven mortal sins!” His Companions (ra) asked, “O Messenger of Allah! What are these seven things?” The Messenger of Allah replied, “To associate others with Allah, to practice sorcery, to take a life which Allah has forbidden unless it is required by justice, to take interest, to consume the wealth of orphans, to flee from battle, and to falsely accuse chaste women believers whose character is beyond reproach (of misconduct).”

(B2766, Bukhari, Wasaya, 23)

عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ آكِلَ الرِّبَا وَمُوكِلَهُ وَكَاتِبَهُ وَشَاهِدَيْه وَقَالَ: «هُمْ سَوَاءٌ.»

306. Jabir (ra) said that Allah’s Messenger (saw) cursed the one who accepts interest, the one who pays interest, the one who records it, and the two witnesses (to the transaction), and he said, “They are equal (in sin).”

(M4093, Muslim, Musaqat, 106)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو:«أَنَّ نَبِىَّ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نَهَى عَنِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْمَيْسِرِ وَالْكُوبَةِ وَالْغُبَيْرَاءِ...»

307. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr (ra), the Prophet (saw) banned wine, maysir (an ancient Arabian game of chance), the kuba (a double membrane drum shaped like an hour-glass), and ghubayra (an alcoholic drink made from millet).

(D3685, Abu Dawud, Ashribah, 5)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ :
«لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَى الرَّاشِى وَالْمُرْتَشِى.»

308. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The curse of Allah is upon the one who offers a bribe and the one who takes it.”

(IM2313, Ibn Majah, Ahkam, 2)

كَانَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ يُحَدِّثُ؛ أَنَّ مَعْمَرًا قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «مَنِ احْتَكَرَ فَهُوَ خَاطِئٌ.»

309. Saʿid b. al-Musayyab reported according to Maʿmar (b. ʿAbd Allah) that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever does black-marketing is a sinner.”

(M4122, Muslim, Musaqat, 129)

عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «مَنِ انْتَهَبَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا.»

310. According to Anas (b. Malik) (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Whoever plunders is not one of us.”

(T1601, Tirmidhi, Siyar, 40)

عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ الْكِنْدِيِّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ:
«مَنِ اسْتَعْمَلْنَاهُ مِنْكُمْ عَلَى عَمَلٍ، فَكَتَمَنَا مِخْيَطًا فَمَا فَوْقَهُ، كَانَ غُلُولاً يَأْتِى بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَة.»

311. According to ʿAdi b. ʿAmira al-Kindi (ra), he heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, “If we appoint one of you to a position and he conceals from us a needle or something greater, this is betrayal (al-ghulul) which he will carry on the Day of Judgement.”

(M4743, Muslim, Imara, 30)

عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِىِّ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «مَنْ آوَى ضَالَّةً فَهُوَ ضَالٌّ، مَا لَمْ يُعَرِّفْهَا.»

312. According to Zayd b. Khalid al-Juhani (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “He who found a stray animal and adds it to his flock without advertising it is himself led astray.”

(M4510, Muslim, Luqata, 12)

ZINA (ADULTERY)

عنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: «مَنْ يَضْمَنْ لِى مَا بَيْنَ لَحْيَيْهِ وَمَا بَيْنَ رِجْلَيْهِ أَضْمَنْ لَهُ الْجَنَّةَ.»

313. According to Sahl b. Saʿd (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever can guarantee for me (the virtue of) what is between his two jawbones and what is between his two legs, I guarantee Paradise for him.”

(B6474, Bukhari, Riqaq, 23)

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ :
«إِنَّ أَخْوَفَ مَا أَخَافُ عَلَى أُمَّتِى عَمَلُ قَوْمِ لُوطٍ.»

314. According to Jabir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The thing that I most fear for my nation is (committing) the act of the people of Lot.”

(IM2563, Ibn Majah, Hudud, 12; T1457, Tirmidhi, Hudud, 24)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ: أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لاَ يَزْنِى الزَّانِى حِينَ يَزْنِى وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ، وَلاَ يَسْرِقُ حِينَ يَسْرِقُ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ، وَلاَ يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ حِينَ يَشْرَبُ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ، ثُمَّ التَّوْبَةُ مَعْرُوضَةٌ بَعْدُ.»

315. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The person who commits adultery cannot be both a believer and an adulterer; the person who commits theft cannot be both a believer and a thief; the person who drinks alcohol cannot be both a believer and a drinker. (If he were to do one of these things while being a Muslim,) the door of repentance would be open.”

(M208, Muslim, Iman, 104; B2475, Bukhari, Mazalim, 30)

MURDER

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ قَالَ:
«لَزَوَالُ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ قَتْلِ رَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ.»

316. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “That the world would cease to exist is less significant to Allah than the killing of a Muslim man.”

(T1395, Tirmidhi, al-Diyat, 7; N3992, Nasaʾi, Muharaba, 2)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ : «لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنْ لَطَمَ الْخُدُودَ، وَشَقَّ الْجُيُوبَ، وَدَعَا بِدَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ.»

317. According to ʿAbd Allah (b. Masʿud) (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “He who slaps his cheeks (in a funeral procession), tears his clothes, and wails and screams in the fashion of the Jahiliyya is not one of us.”

(B1294, Bukhari, Janaʾiz, 35)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ قَالَ: «أَبْغَضُ النَّاسِ إِلَى اللَّهِ ثَلاَثَةٌ: مُلْحِدٌ فِى الْحَرَمِ، وَمُبْتَغٍ فِى الْإِسْلاَمِ سُنَّةَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَمُطَّلِبُ دَمِ امْرِئٍ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ لِيُهَرِيقَ دَمَهُ.»

318. According to Ibn ʿAbbas (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “The most hateful persons to Allah are three: a heretic in the Haram (sanctuaries of Mecca and Medina); a person who wants to practice and maintain in Islam the traditions of the Jahiliyya; and a person who wants to shed somebody’s blood unjustly.”

(B6882, Bukhari, Diyat, 9)

VIOLENCE

عن عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «يَا عَائِشَةُ! إِنَّ اللَّهَ رَفِيقٌ يُحِبُّ الرِّفْقَ، وَيُعْطِى عَلَى الرِّفْقِ مَا لاَ يُعْطِى عَلَى الْعُنْفِ، وَمَا لاَ يُعْطِى عَلَى مَا سِوَاهُ.»

319. According to ʿAisha (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “O ʿAisha (ra), verily Allah is kind and He loves kindness, and He rewards for kindness what is not granted for harshness, and He does not reward anything else like it (kindness).”

(M6601, Muslim, Birr, 77)

عَنْ أَبِى صِرْمَةَ صَاحِبِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «مَنْ ضَارَّ أَضَرَّ اللَّهُ بِهِ، وَمَنْ شَاقَّ شَاقَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ.»

320. According to Abu Sirma (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “If anyone harms (others), Allah will harm him, and if anyone shows hostility to others, Allah will show hostility to him.”

(D3635, Abu Dawud, Qada’ (Aqdiyya), 31)

عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ قَالَ: مَرَّ بِالشَّامِ عَلَى أُنَاسٍ وَقَدْ أُقِيمُوا فِى الشَّمْسِ وَصُبَّ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمُ الزَّيْتُ. فَقَالَ: مَا هَذَا؟ قِيلَ: يُعَذَّبُونَ فِى الْخَرَاجِ. فَقَالَ: أَمَا إِنِّى سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُعَذِّبُ الَّذِينَ يُعَذِّبُونَ النَّاسَ فِى الدُّنْيَا.»

321. Hisham b. Hakim b. Hizam (ra) narrated that he happened to pass by some people in Syria who had been made to stand in the sun and olive-oil was being poured upon their heads. He said, “What is this?” He was told, “They are being punished for (not paying) the kharaj (the government tax).” Thereupon he said, “I bear testimony to the fact that I heard Allah’s Messenger say, ʻAllah would torment those who torment people in the world.’”

(M6657, Muslim, Birr, 117)

DAILY LIFE

عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مِحْصَنٍ الْخَطْمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ –وَكَانَتْ لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ– قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «مَنْ أَصْبَحَ مِنْكُمْ آمِنًا فِى سِرْبِهِ مُعَافًى فِى جَسَدِهِ، عِنْدَهُ قُوتُ يَوْمِهِ، فَكَأَنَّمَا حِيزَتْ لَهُ الدُّنْيَا.»

322. According to what Salama b. ʿUbayd Allah b. Mihsan al-Khatmi reported from his father who was a Companion, Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Whoever among you wakes up in the morning secured in his dwelling, healthy in his body, having his food for the day, then it is as if the blessings of the world have been bestowed to him.”

(T2346, Tirmidhi, Zuhd, 34)

عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «كُلُوا وَتَصَدَّقُوا وَالْبَسُوا فِى غَيْرِ إِسْرَافٍ وَلاَ مَخِيلَةٍ.»

323. ʿAmr b. Shuʿayb reported through his father from his grandfather (ra) that Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Eat, give charity and clothe yourselves, without being extravagant, and without showing off.”

(N2560, Nasaʾi, Zakat, 66)

عَنْ أَبِى الْأَحْوَصِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ فِى ثَوْبٍ دُونٍ فَقَالَ: «أَلَكَ مَالٌ؟» قَال: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: «مِنْ أَيِّ الْمَالِ؟» قَالَ: قَدْ آتَانِيَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَالْخَيْلِ وَالرَّقِيقِ. قَالَ: «فَإِذَا آتَاكَ اللَّهُ مَالاً فَلْيُرَ أَثَرُ نِعْمَةِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكَ وَكَرَامَتِهِ.»

324. Abu al-Ahwas quoted his father (ra) saying, “I came to the Prophet (saw) wearing a lowly garment and he said (to me), ʻHave you got any property?’ I replied, ʻYes.’ He asked, ʻWhat type (of property) is it?’ I said, ʻAllah has given me camels, sheep, horses, and slaves.’ He then said, ʻWhen Allah gives you property, let the mark of Allah’s favor and honor upon you be seen.’”

(D4063, Abu Dawud, Libas, 14; T2006, Tirmidhi, Birr, 63)

عَنْ أَبِى سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا اسْتَجَدَّ ثَوْبًا سَمَّاهُ بِاسْمِهِ عِمَامَةً أَوْ قَمِيصًا أَوْ رِدَاءً ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ، أَنْتَ كَسَوْتَنِيهِ، أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَهُ وَخَيْرَ مَا صُنِعَ لَهُ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهِ وَشَرِّ مَا صُنِعَ لَهُ.»

325. Abu Saʿid (ra) reported, “When the Messenger of Allah (saw) would wear a new garment, he would mention what it was, whether a turban, a shirt, or a rida, then he would say, ʻO Allah! For You is the praise, You have clothed me, I ask You for its good and using it for the good, and I seek refuge in You from its evil and using it for the evil.’”

(T1767, Tirmidhi, Libas, 29; D4020, Abu Dawud, Libas, 1)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «إِذَا أَكَلَ أَحَدُكُمْ طَعَامًا فَلْيَقُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ. فَإِنْ نَسِيَ فِى أَوَّلِهِ فَلْيَقُلْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ فِى أَوَّلِهِ وَآخِرِهِ.»

326. According to ʻAisha (ra), the Messenger of Allah said, “When one of you eats food, then let him say, ʻBismillah.’ If he forgets in the beginning, then let him say, ʻBismillahi fi awwalihi wa akhirihi (In the name of Allah at the beginning and end of it).’”

(T1858, Tirmidhi, At‘imah, 47)

عَنْ مِقْدَامِ بْنِ مَعْدِيكَرِبَ قَالَ:سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ: «مَا مَلَأَ آدَمِىٌّ وِعَاءً شَرًّا مِنْ بَطْنٍ، بِحَسْبِ ابْنِ آدَمَ أُكُلاَتٌ يُقِمْنَ صُلْبَهُ، فَإِنْ كَانَ لاَ مَحَالَةَ فَثُلُثٌ لِطَعَامِهِ وَثُلُثٌ لِشَرَابِهِ وَثُلُثٌ لِنَفَسِهِ.»

327. Miqdam b. Maʿdikarib (ra) heard Allah’s Messenger (saw) say, “Human beings do not fill any container that is worse than their stomachs. It is sufficient for the son of Adam to eat what will support his back. If this is not possible, then (he should divide his stomach into three parts) one third for food, one third for drink, and one third for his breath.”

(T2380, Tirmidhi, Zuhd, 47)

عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ قَالَ: قَالَ لِي النَّبِيُّ : «إِذَا أَتَيْتَ مَضْجَعَكَ فَتَوَضَّأْ وُضُوءَكَ لِلصَّلاَةِ، ثُمَّ اضْطَجِعْ عَلَى شِقِّكَ الأَيْمَنِ، ثُمَّ قُلْ: اللَّهُمَّ أَسْلَمْتُ وَجْهِى إِلَيْكَ، وَفَوَّضْتُ أَمْرِى إِلَيْكَ، وَأَلْجَأْتُ ظَهْرِى إِلَيْكَ رَغْبَةً وَرَهْبَةً إِلَيْكَ، لاَ مَلْجَأَ وَلاَ مَنْجَا مِنْكَ إِلاَّ إِلَيْكَ، اللَّهُمَّ آمَنْتُ بِكِتَابِكَ الَّذِى أَنْزَلْتَ وَبِنَبِيِّكَ الَّذِى أَرْسَلْتَ. فَإِنْ مُتَّ مِنْ لَيْلَتِكَ، فَأَنْتَ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ، وَاجْعَلْهُنَّ آخِرَ مَا تَتَكَلَّمُ بِهِ.»

328. Al-Baraʾ b. ʿAzib (ra) said that the Prophet (saw) told him, “Whenever you go to bed perform the wudu’ like that for the prayer, lie on your right side and say, ʻO Allah! I surrender to You and entrust all my affairs to You and depend upon You for Your Blessings both with hope and fear of You. There is no fleeing from You, and there is no place of protection and safety except with You O Allah! I believe in Your Book (the Holy Qurʾan) which You have revealed and in Your Prophet (Muhammad) whom You have sent.’ Then if you die on that very night, you will die with faith. Let the aforesaid words be your last utterance (before sleep).”

(B247, Bukhari, Wuduʾ, 75)

BODY CARE

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ: «الْفِطْرَةُ خَمْسٌ: الْخِتَانُ، وَالْإِسْتِحْدَادُ، وَنَتْفُ الْإِبْطِ، وَقَصُّ الشَّارِبِ، وَتَقْلِيمُ الْأَظْفَار.»

329. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Five things are in accordance with al-fitra (natural disposition): To be circumcised, to shave the pelvic region, to clean the hair of the armpits, to cut short the moustaches, and to clip the nails.”

(B6297, Bukhari, Istiʾdhan, 51; M597, Muslim, Taharah, 49)

عَنْ أَبِى أَيُّوبَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «أَرْبَعٌ مِنْ سُنَنِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ؛ الْحَيَاءُ وَالتَّعَطُّرُ والسِّوَاكُ وَالنِّكَاحُ.»

330. According to Abu Ayyub (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Four are from the sunnah of the prophets: The sense of shame, wearing perfume, using the siwak (toothpick), and marriage.”

(T1080, Tirmidhi, Nikah, 1)

عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ:
«لَوْلاَ أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمَّتِى لَأَمَرْتُهُمْ بِالسِّوَاكِ عِنْدَ كُلِّ صَلاَةٍ.»

331. Zayd b. Khalid al-Juhani (ra) said that he heard Allah’s Messenger (saw) say, “Were it not hard on my ummah, I would order them to use a siwak at the time of every prayer.”

(D47, Abu Dawud, Taharah, 25; T23, Tirmidhi, Taharah, 18)

NATURE AND ENVIRONMENT

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «...وَيُمِيطُ الأَذَى عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ صَدَقَةٌ.»

332. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “… To remove a harmful thing from the way is also charity.”

(B2989, Bukhari, Jihad, 128)

عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «اتَّقُوا الْمَلاَعِنَ الثَّلاَثَ؛ الْبَرَازَ فِى الْمَوَارِدِ وَقَارِعَةِ الطَّرِيقِ وَالظِّلِّ.»

333. According to Muʿadh b. Jabal (saw), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “Be on your guard against three things which provoke a curse: Relieving oneself in watering places, on thoroughfares, and in the shade (of the trees).”

(D26, Abu Dawud, Taharah, 14)

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «إِنْ قَامَتْ عَلَى أَحَدِكُمْ الْقِيَامَةُ وَفِي يَدِهِ فَسِيلَةٌ فَلْيَغْرِسْهَا.»

334. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “If the Final Hour comes while one of you has a sapling in his hands, he should plant it immediately.”

(HM12933, Ibn Hanbal, III, 184)

ANIMAL RIGHTS

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَال: «مَا مِنْ إِنْسَانٍ قَتَلَ عُصْفُورًا فَمَا فَوْقَهَا بِغَيْرِ حَقِّهَا إِلاَّ سَأَلَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَنْهَا.»

335. According to ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “There is no one who kills a small bird or anything larger for no just reason, but Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, will ask him about it.”

(N4354, Nasaʾi, Sayd, 34)

عَنْ سَهْلِ ابْنِ الْحَنْظَلِيَّةِ قَالَ: مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ بِبَعِيرٍ قَدْ لَحِقَ ظَهْرُهُ بِبَطْنِهِ. قَالَ: «اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ فِى هَذِهِ الْبَهَائِمِ الْمُعْجَمَةِ فَارْكَبُوهَا وَكُلُوهَا صَالِحَةً.»

336. According to Sahl b. al-Hanzaliyya (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) came across a camel whose stomach was stuck to its back out of starvation and said, “Fear Allah regarding the animals! Ride them and eat them when they are in good condition.”

(D2548, Abu Dawud, Jihad, 44)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ:...«فِى كُلِّ كَبِدٍ رَطْبَةٍ أَجْرٌ.»

337. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “There is reward in kindness shown to any living being.”

(B2363, Bukhari, Musaqat, 9; M5859, Muslim Salam, 153)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ قَالَ: «لاَ تَتَّخِذُوا شَيْئًا فِيهِ الرُّوحُ غَرَضًا.»

338. According to Ibn ʿAbbas (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “Never use a living being as a target!”

(M5059, Muslim, Sayd, 58)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عَنِ التَّحْرِيشِ بَيْنَ الْبَهَائِمِ.

339. Ibn ʿAbbas (ra) said, “The Messenger of Allah (saw) forbade making animals fight each other.”

(T1708, Tirmidhi, Jihad, 30; D2562, Abu Dawud, Jihad, 51)

HIS PROPHETHOOD

عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «لاَ يُؤْمِنُ أَحَدُكُمْ حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ وَالِدِهِ وَوَلَدِهِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ.»

340. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “None of you will have full faith until he loves me more than his father, his children and all mankind.”

(B15, Bukhari, Iman, 8)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: سَمِعَ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ يَقُولُ: «لاَ تُطْرُونِى كَمَا أَطْرَتِ النَّصَارَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ، فَإِنَّمَا أَنَا عَبْدُهُ، فَقُولُوا: عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولُهُ.»

341. According to Ibn ʿAbbas, he heard ʿUmar (ra) say from the minbar, “I heard the Prophet (saw) say, ʻDo not exaggerate in praising me as the Christians praised the son of Maryam, for I am only a slave. So, call me the servant and Messenger of Allah.’”

(B3445, Bukhari, Anbiyaʾ, 48)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ : «إِنَّمَا مَثَلِى وَمَثَلُ أُمَّتِى كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ اسْتَوْقَدَ نَارًا، فَجَعَلَتِ الدَّوَابُّ وَالْفَرَاشُ يَقَعْنَ فِيهِ، فَأَنَا آخِذٌ بِحُجَزِكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ تَقَحَّمُونَ فِيهِ.»

342. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “My relatonship with my ummah is that of a person who lit a fire, and insects and moths began to fall into it and I am there to hold you back.”

(M5955, Muslim, Fadhaʾil, 17)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ قَالَ: «مَا مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ نَبِيٌّ إِلاَّ أُعْطِىَ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ مَا مِثْلُهُ أُومِنَ –أَوْ آمَنَ– عَلَيْهِ الْبَشَرُ، وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ الَّذِى أُوتِيتُ وَحْيًا أَوْحَاهُ اللَّهُ إِلَىَّ، فَأَرْجُو أَنِّى أَكْثَرُهُمْ تَابِعًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ.»

343. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) said, “There was no prophet among the prophets who was not given miracles so that by means of them people had security or had belief, but what I was given was the Divine Inspiration which Allah revealed to me. So I hope that my followers will be more than those of any other prophet on Resurrection Day.”

(B7274, Bukhari, Iʿtisam, 1; M385 Muslim, Iman, 239)

حَدَّثَنَا جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أُعْطِيتُ خَمْسًا لَمْ يُعْطَهُنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الأَنْبِيَاءِ قَبْلِى؛ نُصِرْتُ بِالرُّعْبِ مَسِيرَةَ شَهْرٍ، وَجُعِلَتْ لِىَ الأَرْضُ مَسْجِدًا وَطَهُورًا، وَأَيُّمَا رَجُلٍ مِنْ أُمَّتِى أَدْرَكَتْهُ الصَّلاَةُ فَلْيُصَلِّ، وَأُحِلَّتْ لِىَ الْغَنَائِمُ، وَكَانَ النَّبِىُّ يُبْعَثُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ خَاصَّةً، وَبُعِثْتُ إِلَى النَّاسِ كَافَّةً، وَأُعْطِيتُ الشَّفَاعَةَ.»

344. According to Jabir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra), Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “I have been given five things which were not given to anyone of the prophets before me. These are: Allah made me victorious by awe (by Him frightening my enemies) for a distance of one month’s journey. The earth has been made for me (and for my followers) a place for praying and a thing with which to perform tayammum. Therefore, my ummah can pray wherever the time of a prayer is due. The booty has been made halal (lawful) for me (and was not made so for anyone else). Every prophet used to be sent to his nation exclusively but I have been sent to all of mankind. I have been given the right of intercession (on the Day of Resurrection.)”

(B438, Bukhari, Salat, 56; M1163, Muslim, Masajid, 3)

عَنْ مَالِكٍ أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «تَرَكْتُ فِيكُمْ أَمْرَيْنِ لَنْ تَضِلُّوا مَا تَمَسَّكْتُمْ بِهِمَا؛ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَسُنَّةَ نَبِيِّهِ.»

345. According to Imam Malik, Allah’s Messenger (saw) said, “I have left two things with you. As long as you hold to them, you will not go the wrong way. They are the Book of Allah and the sunnah of His Prophet.”

(MU1628, Muwattaʾ, Qadar, 3)

HIS CHARACTERISTICS AND MORALITY

حَدَّثَنَا حِزَامُ بْنُ هِشَامِ بْنِ حُبَيْشِ بْنِ خَالِدِ بْنِ خُلَيْدِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ الْخُزَاعِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنْ أُخْتِهِ أُمِّ مَعْبَدٍ وَاسْمُهَا عَاتِكَةُ بِنْتُ خَالِدٍ الْخُزَاعِيَّةُ قَالَتْ... فَقَالَ: صِفِيهِ لِي. قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، رَجُلٌ ظَاهِرُ الْوَضَاءَةِ، أَبْلَجُ الْوَجْهِ، حَسَنُ الْخُلُقِ، بَسَّامًا، وَلَيْسَ نَحِيلا، وَلا مُدْلِمًا، وَلا مُطْهَمًا، أَبْيَضُ، وَسِيمٍ، ثَقِيلٌ، أَدْعَجُ الْعَيْنَيْنِ ، أَهْدَبُ الأَشْفَارِ...

346. According to Hizam b. Hisham b. Hubaysh b. Khalid b. Hulayd b. Rabiʿa al-Khuzai’s narration from his grandfather through his father, his grandfather ʿAtiqa bint Khalid al-Khuzaiyya’s sister Umm Maʿbad said: “… (My husband Abu Maʿbad) told to me ʻDescribe him (Allah’s Messenger) to me.’ I told him, ʻOf course. He was a man with obvious beauty and cleanliness, a glowing countenance, a good disposition with no bulging stomach disgracing him or a small head disparaging him. He was overtly handsome and wholly beautiful, his eyes were wide, very white and black and his eyelashes were long…”

(SM3485, Abu Bakr al-Shaybani, al-Ahad wa al-Mathani, V, 629-631)

عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ ...قَالَ قُلْتُ: يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَدِّثِينِى عَنْ خُلُقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ . قَالَتْ: أَلَسْتَ تَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ فَإِنَّ خُلُقَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ كَانَ الْقُرْآنَ...

347. Saʿd b. Hisham (ra) said, “I asked the Mother of the Believers, ʿAisha (ra), ʻTell me about the character of the Messenger of Allah (saw).’ She said, ʻDo you not recite the Holy Qurʾan? Verily, the character of the Messenger of Allah (saw) was the Holy Qurʾan.’”

(D1342, Abu Dawud, Tatawwuʿ, 26)

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ: {وَأَنْذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ اْلأَقْرَبِينَ}...خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ حَتَّى صَعِدَ الصَّفَا... فَقَالَ: «أَرَأَيْتُمْ إِنْ أَخْبَرْتُكُمْ أَنَّ خَيْلاً تَخْرُجُ مِنْ سَفْحِ هَذَا الْجَبَلِ أَكُنْتُمْ مُصَدِّقِىَّ؟» قَالُوا: مَا جَرَّبْنَا عَلَيْكَ كَذِبًا...

348. Ibn ʿAbbas (ra) said, “When the verse, ʻWarn your nearest kinsfolk’ (Shuʿara, 26/214) was revealed, Allah’s Messenger (saw) went out, and when he had ascended the hill of al-Safa he called out loud, ʻ… What do you say? If I inform you that cavalrymen are proceeding up the side of this mountain, will you believe me?’ They said, ʻWe have never heard you telling a lie …’”

(B4971, Bukhari, Tafsir, (Lahab) 1)

عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ قَالَ: لَقِيتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِي رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَا قُلْتُ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ صِفَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ. قَالَ: أَجَلْ، وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمَوْصُوفٌ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ بِبَعْضِ صِفَتِهِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ: {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ شَاهِدًا وَمُبَشِّرًا وَنَذِيرًا}، وَحِرْزًا لِلأُمِّيِّينَ، أَنْتَ عَبْدِي وَرَسُولِي سَمَّيْتُكَ الْمُتَوَكِّلَ، لَيْسَ بِفَظٍّ وَلاَ غَلِيظٍ وَلاَ سَخَّابٍ فِي الْأَسْوَاقِ، وَلاَ يَدْفَعُ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ السَّيِّئَةَ وَلَكِنْ يَعْفُو وَيَغْفِرُ…

349. Ataʾ b. Yasar reported, “I met ʿAbd Allah b. ʿAmr b. al-ʿAs (ra) and asked him, ʻTell me about the description of Allah’s Messenger (saw) mentioned in the Torah.’ He replied, ʻYes. By Allah, he is described in the Torah with some of the qualities attributed to him in the Holy Qurʾan as follows: O Prophet! We have sent you as a witness, and a giver of glad tidings, and a warner and guardian of the illiterates. You are My slave and My messenger. I have named you ʻal-Mutawakkil (who depends upon Allah). You are neither discourteous, harsh nor a noisemaker in the markets and you do not do evil to those who do evil to you, but you deal with them with forgiveness and kindness…’”

(B2125, Bukhari, Buyuʿ, 50)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: مَا عَابَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ طَعَامًا قَطُّ، إِنِ اشْتَهَاهُ أَكَلَهُ، وَإِنْ كَرِهَهُ تَرَكَه.

350. Abu Hurayra (ra) said, “The Prophet (saw) never criticized any food (he was invited to) but he used to eat if he liked the food, and leave it if he disliked it.”

(B5409, Bukhari, Atʿimah, 21; M5383, Muslim, Ashribah, 188)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، إِذَا رَأَى مَا يُحِبُّ قَالَ: «الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِى بِنِعْمَتِهِ تَتِمُّ الصَّالِحَاتُ.» وَإِذَا رَأَى مَا يَكْرَهُ قَالَ: «الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ عَلَى كُلِّ حَالٍ.»

351. It was reported that ʻAisha (ra) said, “When the Messenger of Allah saw something he liked, he would say, ʻPraise be to Allah by Whose grace good deeds are completed.’ and if he saw something that he disliked, he would say, ʻPraise be to Allah in all circumstances.’”

(IM3803, Ibn Majah, Adab, 55)

HIS HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: كَانَ كَلاَمُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَلاَمًا فَصْلاً يَفْهَمُهُ كُلُّ مَنْ سَمِعَهُ.

352. According to ʿAisha (ra), “The Messenger of Allah (saw) spoke in a distinct manner so that anyone who listened to him could understand it.”

(D4839, Abu Dawud, Adab, 18)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: سُئِلْتُ مَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَعْمَلُ فِي بَيْتِهِ؟ قَالَتْ: كَانَ بَشَرًا مِنْ الْبَشَرِ يَفْلِي ثَوْبَهُ وَيَحْلُبُ شَاتَهُ وَيَخْدُمُ نَفْسَهُ.

353. ʿAisha (ra) reported, “I was asked about what the Prophet (saw) would do when he was at home.” She replied to this question by saying, “He was a person like everybody else. He would clean his clothes, milk his sheep, and do his own daily work himself.”

(HM26724, Ibn Hanbal, VI, 256)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: ...فَقَالَتْ لَهُ خَدِيجَةُ: كَلاَّ وَاللَّهِ! مَا يُخْزِيكَ اللَّهُ أَبَدًا، إِنَّكَ لَتَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ، وَتَحْمِلُ الْكَلَّ، وَتَكْسِبُ الْمَعْدُومَ، وَتَقْرِى الضَّيْفَ، وَتُعِينُ عَلَى نَوَائِبِ الْحَقِّ...

354. ʿAisha (ra), the mother of the believers, said: “…Khadijah replied (to Muhammad), ʻNever! By Allah, Allah will never disgrace you. You keep good relations with your kith and kin, help the poor and the destitute, serve your guests generously and assist the deserving calamity-afflicted ones…’”

(B3, Bukhari, Badʾ al-wahy, 1)

عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ السُّلَمِىِّ قَالَ:… مَا رَأَيْتُ مُعَلِّمًا قَبْلَهُ وَلاَ بَعْدَهُ أَحْسَنَ تَعْلِيمًا مِنْهُ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا كَهَرَنِى وَلاَ ضَرَبَنِى وَلاَ شَتَمَنِى. قَالَ: «إِنَّ هَذِهِ الصَّلاَةَ لاَ يَصْلُحُ فِيهَا شَىْءٌ مِنْ كَلاَمِ النَّاسِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ التَّسْبِيحُ وَالتَّكْبِيرُ وَقِرَاءَةُ الْقُرْآنِ.»

355. Muʿawiya b. Hakam al-Sulami (ra) reported what happened during a ritual prayer when he spoke and the Companions (ra) reacted to it: “… Neither before him nor after him have I seen a teacher who gave better instruction than he. I swear that he did not scold, beat, or revile me but said, ʻSpeaking to people is not fitting during the prayer, for it consists of tasbih (glorifying Allah), takbir (declaring his Greatness), and the recitation of the Qur’an.’”

(M1199, Muslim, Masajid, 33)

عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَتَخَوَّلُنَا بِالْمَوْعِظَةِ فِى الأَيَّامِ، كَرَاهَةَ السَّآمَةِ عَلَيْنَا.

356. According to Ibn Masʿud (ra), “The Prophet (saw) used to take us into consideration while preaching by selecting a suitable time, so that we might not get bored.”

(B68, Bukhari, ʿIlm, 11; M7127, Muslim, Sifat al-Munafiqin, 82)

عَنْ أَنَسِ قَالَ: لَمْ يَكُنْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ سَبَّابًا وَلَا لَعَّانًا وَلَا فَحَّاشًا...

357. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), “The Prophet (saw) was someone who never cursed, condemned someone, or used bad words. ...”

(HM12299, Ibn Hanbal, III, 127)

عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ: سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: مَا سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا قَطُّ فَقَالَ: لاَ.

358. Ibn al-Munkadir heard Jabir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra) say, “The Messenger of Allah (saw) never said ʻNo’ to people who asked something from him.”

(M6018, Muslim, Fadhaʾil, 56)

عَنْ جَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: مَا حَجَبَنِى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ مُنْذُ أَسْلَمْتُ وَلاَ رَآنِى إِلاَّ ضَحِكَ.

359. Jarir b. ʿAbd Allah (ra) said, “The Messenger of Allah (saw) never avoided me since the day I embraced Islam, nor did he look at me without smiling.”

(T3820, Tirmidhi, Manaqib, 41)

عَنْ أَنَسِ [بْنِ مَالِكٍ] قَالَ: خَدَمْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ، وَاللَّهِ! مَا قَالَ لِى: أُفًّا قَطُّ، وَلاَ قَالَ لِى لِشَىْءٍ: لِمَ فَعَلْتَ كَذَا؟ وَهَلاَّ فَعَلْتَ كَذَا؟

360. Anas b. Malik (ra) said, “I served the Prophet (saw) for ten years, and he never said to me, ʻUff,’ (a minor harsh word denoting impatience) and never blamed me by saying, ʻWhy did you do so or why didn’t you do so?’”

(M6011, Muslim, Fadha’il, 51)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا أَكْثَرَ مَشُورَةً لِأَصْحَابِهِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ .

361. Abu Hurayra (ra) said, “None was more apt to seek the council of his Companions than the Messenger of Allah (saw).”

(T1714, Tirmidhi, Jihad, 35; HM19136, Ibn Hanbal, IV, 329)

قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ: سَأَلْتُ أَبي عَنْ سِيرَةِ النَّبِيِّ ، فِي جُلَسَائِهِ، فَقَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، دَائِمَ الْبِشْرِ، سَهْلَ الْخُلُقِ، لَيِّنَ الْجَانِبِ، لَيْسَ بِفَظٍّ وَلَا غَلِيظٍ وَلَا صَخَّابٍ وَلَا فَحَّاشٍ وَلَا عَيَّابٍ وَلَا مُشَاحٍ، يَتَغَافَلُ عَمَّا لَا يَشْتَهِي، وَلا يُؤْيِسُ مِنْهُ رَاجِيهِ وَلَا يُخَيَّبُ فِيهِ...

362. Husayn (ra) reported, “I asked my father about the conduct of the Messenger of Allah (saw) in his assemblies and he replied, ʻAllah’s Messenger (saw) was always happy and easy mannered. There was always a smile and a sign of happiness on his blessed face. He did not speak in a harsh tone nor was he stonehearted. He did not scream while speaking, nor was he rude or spoke indecently. He kept away from undesirable language and would pretend as if he did not hear anything. If he did not agree with the next person’s wish he did not make that person feel disheartened, nor did he promise anything to that person…’”

(TS352 Tirmidhi, Shamaʾil, 160)

عَنْ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا كَانَ أَشْبَهَ سَمْتًا وَدَلاًّ وَهَدْيًا... بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ فَاطِمَةَ كَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَهَا. كَانَتْ إِذَا دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ قَامَ إِلَيْهَا فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهَا وَقَبَّلَهَا وَأَجْلَسَهَا فِى مَجْلِسِهِ. وَكَانَ إِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا قَامَتْ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخَذَتْ بِيَدِهِ فَقَبَّلَتْهُ وَأَجْلَسَتْهُ فِى مَجْلِسِهَا.

363. ʿAisha (ra), the Mother of the Believers, reported, “I never saw anyone more like the Messenger of Allah (saw) in respect of gravity, calm deportment, and pleasant disposition than Fatima. When she came to visit him he got up to welcome her, took her by the hand, kissed her, and made her sit where he was sitting; and when he went to visit her, she got up to welcome him, took him by the hand, kissed him, and made him sit where she was sitting.”

(D5217, Abu Dawud, Adab, 143, 144)

HIS ACTS OF WORSHIP

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: كَانَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَذْكُرُ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ أَحْيَانِهِ.

364. According to ʿAisha (ra), “The Prophet (saw) used to make dhikr of Allah at all times.”

(M826 Muslim, Haidh, 117)

عَنْ زِيَادٍ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْمُغِيرَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُ يَقُولُ: إِنْ كَانَ النَّبِىُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيَقُومُ أَوْ لِيُصَلِّىَ حَتَّى تَرِمَ قَدَمَاهُ أَوْ سَاقَاهُ. فَيُقَالُ لَهُ، فَيَقُولُ: «أَفَلاَ أَكُونُ عَبْدًا شَكُورًا؟»

365. Ziyad (ra) said, “I heard al-Mughira say that the Prophet (saw) used to stand (in prayer) or pray until both his feet or legs swelled. He was asked (why he did this) and he said, ʻShould I not be a thankful servant?’”

(B1130, Bukhari, Tahajjud, 6)

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «وُلِدَ لِىَ اللَّيْلَةَ غُلاَمٌ فَسَمَّيْتُهُ بِاسْمِ أَبِى إِبْرَاهِيمَ -عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ -.» فَقَالَ أَنَسٌ: لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ وَهُوَ يَكِيدُ بِنَفْسِهِ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَمَعَتْ عَيْنَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ. فَقَالَ: «تَدْمَعُ الْعَيْنُ وَيَحْزَنُ الْقَلْبُ وَلاَ نَقُولُ إِلاَّ مَا يَرْضَى رَبُّنَا. وَاللَّهِ! يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ! إِنَّا بِكَ لَمَحْزُونُونَ.»

366. According to Anas b. Malik (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “This evening a son was born to me. I have named him after my forefather Ibrahim (Abraham).” ... Then Anas said, “I saw him when he was on the verge of death in the hands of the Messenger of Allah (saw). The eyes of the Messenger of Allah (saw) teared up and he said, ʻThe eyes weep and the heart is saddened, but we can only say what pleases our Lord. By Allah O Ibrahim, we grieve for you.’”

(M6025, Muslim, Fadhaʾil, 62)

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُا أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: ...مَا انْتَقَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِنَفْسِهِ إِلاَّ أَنْ تُنْتَهَكَ حُرْمَةُ اللَّهِ فَيَنْتَقِمَ لِلَّهِ بِهَا.

367. ʿAisha (ra) said, “Allah’s Messenger (saw) never took revenge for himself. Only when Allah’s proscriptions were violated would he take revenge for Allah.”

(B3560, Bukhari, Manaqib, 23)

عَنْ عَلِىِّ بْنِ أَبِى طَالِبٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا قَامَ إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ قَالَ: «وَجَّهْتُ وَجْهِىَ لِلَّذِى فَطَرَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ حَنِيفًا وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ إِنَّ صَلاَتِى وَنُسُكِى وَمَحْيَاىَ وَمَمَاتِى لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ …وَالْخَيْرُ كُلُّهُ فِى يَدَيْكَ وَالشَّرُّ لَيْسَ إِلَيْكَ.»

368. According to ʿAli b. Abi Talib (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) said the following when he got up for ritual prayer: “I turn my face in complete devotion to the One Who is the Creator of the heaven and the earth and I am not one of the polytheists. Verily my prayer, my sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allah, the Lord of the Worlds… Here I am at Your service, and Grace is to You and the whole of good is in Your hand, and one cannot get near to You through evil.”

(M1812 Muslim, Musafirin, 201)

HIS DU’AS (INVOCATIONS)

عَنْ عَلِىِّ بْنِ أَبِى طَالِبٍ أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِى آخِرِ وِتْرِهِ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّى أَعُوذُ بِرِضَاكَ مِنْ سَخَطِكَ وَبِمُعَافَاتِكَ مِنْ عُقُوبَتِكَ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْكَ لاَ أُحْصِى ثَنَاءً عَلَيْكَ أَنْتَ كَمَا أَثْنَيْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ.»

369. According to ʿAli b. Abi Talib (ra), the Prophet (saw) used to say at the end of the witr prayer, “O Allah, I seek refuge in Your pleasure from Your wrath and in Your forgiveness from Your punishment. And I seek refuge in You from You; I cannot praise You enough; You are as You have praised Yourself.”

(N1747 Nasaʾi, Qiyam al-layl, 51)

عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ ...فَقَالَ: «أُوصِيكَ يَا مُعَاذُ! لاَ تَدَعَنَّ فِى دُبُرِ كُلِّ صَلاَةٍ تَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ! أَعِنِّى عَلَى ذِكْرِكَ وَشُكْرِكَ وَحُسْنِ عِبَادَتِكَ.»

370. According to Muʿadh b. Jabal (ra), the Messenger of Allah (saw) took him by the hand and said, “O Muʿadh! I advise you never to forget to say the following prayer after every ritual prayer: ʻO Allah! Help me to remember You, to give thanks to You, and to worship You well.’”

(D1522, Abu Dawud, Witr, 26; N1304, Nasaʾi, Sahw, 60)

عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِى مُوسَى عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَدْعُو بِهَذَا الدُّعَاءِ: «رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِى خَطِيئَتِى وَجَهْلِى وَإِسْرَافِى فِى أَمْرِى كُلِّهِ ، وَمَا أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنِّى. اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِى خَطَايَاىَ وَعَمْدِى وَجَهْلِى وَجِدِّي، وَكُلُّ ذَلِكَ عِنْدِى. اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِى مَا قَدَّمْتُ وَمَا أَخَّرْتُ وَمَا أَسْرَرْتُ وَمَا أَعْلَنْتُ، أَنْتَ الْمُقَدِّمُ، وَأَنْتَ الْمُؤَخِّرُ، وَأَنْتَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَىْءٍ قَدِيرٌ.»

371. According to Ibn Abi Musa, his father said that the Prophet (saw) used to beseech Allah with the following prayer: “My Lord! Forgive my errors, my ignorance, my going to extremes in any of my affairs, and any other forbidden things that I have done which you know better than me. O Allah! Also forgive the errors that I have committed knowingly or unknowingly, in jest or in earnest. This is because I have done all of these things. O Allah! Forgive the sins that I have committed and will commit and which I have done secretly and openly. You are the one who prepones and who postpones. You are omnipotent.”

(B6398, Bukhari, Daʿawat, 60)

عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ قَالَ: لاَ أُعَلِّمُكُمْ إِلاَّ مَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُعَلِّمُنَا يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّى أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْعَجْزِ وَالْكَسَلِ وَالْبُخْلِ وَالْجُبْنِ وَالْهَرَمِ وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ. اللَّهُمَّ آتِ نَفْسِى تَقْوَاهَا وَزَكِّهَا أَنْتَ خَيْرُ مَنْ زَكَّاهَا أَنْتَ وَلِيُّهَا وَمَوْلاَهَا. اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّى أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ قَلْبٍ لاَ يَخْشَعُ وَمِنْ نَفْسٍ لاَ تَشْبَعُ وَعِلْمٍ لاَ يَنْفَعُ وَدَعْوَةٍ لاَ يُسْتَجَابُ لَهَا.»

372. Zayd b. Arqam (ra) said, “I will not teach you anything but that which the Messenger of Allah (saw) taught us. He used to say: ʻO Allah, I seek refuge in You from incapacity, laziness, miserliness, cowardice, old age, the torment of the grave. O Allah, make my soul obedient and purify it, for You are the best One to purify it, You are its Guardian and Lord. O Allah, I seek refuge in You from a heart that is not humble, a soul that is not satisfied, knowledge that is of no benefit and a prayer that is not answered.)’”

(N5460, Nasa’i, Isti‘adha, 13; M6906, Muslim, Dhikr, 73)

عَنْ شُتَيْرِ بْنِ شَكَلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ شَكَلِ بْنِ حُمَيْدٍ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ النَّبِىَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَلِّمْنِى تَعَوُّذًا أَتَعَوَّذُ بِهِ. قَالَ: فَأَخَذَ بِكَتِفِى فَقَالَ: «قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ! إِنِّى أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ سَمْعِى وَمِنْ شَرِّ بَصَرِى وَمِنْ شَرِّ لِسَانِى وَمِنْ شَرِّ قَلْبِى وَمِنْ شَرِّ مَنِيِّى.»

373. According to Shutayr b. Shakal, his father Shakal b. Humayd (ra) said, “I came to the Prophet (saw) and said, ʻO Messenger of Allah, teach me a way of seeking refuge so that I may seek refuge by it.” So he took my shoulder and said, ʻSay! O Allah, indeed I seek refuge in You from the evil of my hearing and the evil of my sight, and the evil of my tongue and the evil of my heart, and the evil of my semen.’”

(T3492, Tirmidhi, Da‘awat, 74)

عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ إِذَا أَوَى إِلَى فِرَاشِهِ قَالَ: «الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِى أَطْعَمَنَا وَسَقَانَا وَكَفَانَا وَآوَانَا فَكَمْ مِمَّنْ لاَ كَافِىَ لَهُ وَلاَ مُئْوِىَ.»

374. According to Anas (b. Malik), Allah’s Messenger (saw) would pray when he went to bed saying, “Praise is due to Allah Who fed us, provided us drink, sufficed us and provided us with shelter, for many people there is none to suffice and none to provide shelter.”

(M6894, Muslim, Dhikr, 64)

عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ! إِنِّى أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْفَقْرِ وَالْقِلَّةِ وَالذِّلَّةِ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ أَنْ أَظْلِمَ أَوْ أُظْلَمَ.»

375. According to Abu Hurayra (ra), the Prophet (saw) used to pray saying, “O Allah, I seek refuge in You from poverty, want and abasement, and I seek refuge in You lest I cause or suffer wrong.”

(D1544, Abu Dawud, Witr, 32; N5473, Nasa’i, Isti‘adha, 21)

عَنْ أَبِى أُمَامَةَ قَالَ: دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِدُعَاءٍ كَثِيرٍ لَمْ نَحْفَظْ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا. قُلْنَا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ! دَعَوْتَ بِدُعَاءٍ كَثِيرٍ لَمْ نَحْفَظْ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا. قَالَ: «أَلاَ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى مَا يَجْمَعُ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ؟ تَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّا نَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ خَيْرِ مَا سَأَلَكَ مِنْهُ نَبِيُّكَ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَنَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا اسْتَعَاذَ مِنْهُ نَبِيُّكَ مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنْتَ الْمُسْتَعَانُ وَعَلَيْكَ الْبَلاَغُ وَلاَ حَوْلَ وَلاَ قُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ.»

376. According to Abu Umama (ra), “The Messenger of Allah used to pray so much that we could not memorize a thing. So we said, ʻO Messenger of Allah! You pray so much that we cannot memorize a thing.’ Thereupon he said, ʻShould I not teach you a prayer which would include everything? You should say: O Allah! We ask you for the good which your Prophet Muhamad (saw) asked you and we seek refuge in You from the evil from which your Prophet (saw) sought refuge in You. You are the One from whom aid is sought. It is up to You to provide it. There is no power or strength except in Allah.’”

(T3521, Tirmidhi, Daʿawat, 88)