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საერთაშორისო საქველმოქმედო ფონდი muslim-georgia

ბეჭდვითი მონიტორინგი
დოქ. ფატიჰ ქურთი

კოორდინატორი
ლოქმან არსლანი

grafika da dizaini
bilal ilkai

გამოცემისთვის მოამზადა
უღურ ალთინთოფი

ნაწარმოების განმხილველი კომისიის გადაწყვეტილება: 12.11.2019/119

ISBN: 978-605-7730-86-2
2019-34-Y-0003-1697
სერთიფიკატის ნო: 12930
1. გამოცემა, სტამბოლი 2019

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garemos mimarT yuradReba

თურქეთის რესპუბლიკის რელიგიის საქმეთა სამმართველო

islami da ekologia

osman zeki iaRji

islami aris sarwmunoeba, romelic RvTiur gzavnilebs eyrdnoba. masSi arsebuli principebi adamianis bunebas yvelaze ukeT Seesabameba. islamSi aris mniSvnelovani gzavnilebi, romlebic ekologiur da zogadad fizikur dabinZurebas da masTan brZolas Seexeba. morwmune adamiani, romelic am gzavnilebis Sesabamisad cxovrobs, garemos damcveli gamodis. gamomdinare aqedan, Tundac garemos dacvaSi da Tundac ekologiuri wonasworobis SenarCunebaSi islamis roli Zalian didia.

Suamavali muhammedi adamianebs garemos mimarT yuradRebisken mouwodebda. misi sityvebi, cxovrebis wesi da mowodebebi ekologiuri problemebis gadawyvetis sakiTxSi mniSvnelovani gadawyvetilebebis miRebis saSualebas iZleva. rogorc yvela sxva sakiTxSi, garemos dacvis sakiTxebSic Suamavali rogorc mogviwodebda, ise cxovrobda.

adamiani dabadebisTanave garemosTan mudmiv kavSirSia. zogjer is icavs garemos, xolo zogjer anadgurebs. miuxedavad bunebisa da garemos dacvis mimdinare mcdelobisa bunebrivi wonasworoba mudmivad cvlilebebis msxverpli gamxdara. ukanasknel periodSi am mimarTulebiT gansakuTrebuli sirTuleebi gamoikveTa, rac teqnologiuri ganviTarebis kvaldakval Seqmnili araxelsayreli pirobebidan momdinareobs.

msoflioSi arsebobs sxvadasxva organizaciebi, romlebmac mosalodneli ekologiuri katastrofebis Sesaxeb informacia Seagroves da prevenciuli RonisZiebebis gatarebis mizniT garkveul gegmebs axorcieleben. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, aRniSnuli organzaciebis mier miRebuli daskvnis safuZvelze, kacobriobisTvis yvelaze didi safrTxis Semcveli problemebis saTaveSi swored rom ekologiuri problemebi iqneba. amasTanave saerTaSoriso religiuri organizaciebic garemos dacvis sakiTxebSi mniSvnelovan gzavnilebs akeTeben. amis paralelurad namdvilad mniSvnelovani sakiTxia islamis midgomebi aRniSnul sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi, radgan daaxloebiT miliardi adamiani misdevs islams da maTi damokidebuleba da islamis standartebi garemos dacvis kuTxiT marTlac gasaTvaliswinebelia. yuranSi, bunebrivi wonasworobis dacva, zogjer pirdapir zogjer ki iribad aris nabrZanebi. islamis damokidebulebas garemos mimarT, ar viciT, ramdenad afaseben dasavleli garemosdamcvelebi, magram unda vaRiaroT, rom mimdinare procesebi da Seqmnili realoba qmnis saimiso pirobas, rom dasavleli mecnierebi veRar uaryofen islamis mier SemoTavazebul prevenciul zomebsa da zogadad garemos mimarT midgomebs. yurani moicavs yvela im problemis gadawyvetas, rac saukuneebis Semdeg SeiZleba moxdes. am mxriv yuranis gancxadebebi aSkaraa.

„da misTanaa gasaRebni dafarulisa, aravin uwyis mis garda. da icis, rac xmeleTzea da zRvaSi. erTi foTolic ar Camovardeba misi codnis gareSe, da arca marcvali nedli da xmeli miwis wyvdiadSi, rom ar iyos cxad wignSi.“ (enam 57)

bunebisa da garemos dacva adamianis valdebulebaa. islamis moraliT aRzrdili adamiani aqtiuri bunebisdamcvelia. garemos dacvis pasuxismgebloba adamianzea dakisrebuli.

„aki, uTxra ufalma Senma angelozebs: xalifa (nacvali) unda davadgino dedamiwaze.“ (bayara 30)

„da igia, romelmac Tqven dagadginaT dedamiwis gamgeblad da upiratesgyoT erTimeoreze xarisxebad, raTa gamoecadeT imiT, rac giboZaT. ueWvelad, Seni RmerTi sazRauris swrafmimgebia. da ueWvelad, Semndobi, mwyalobelia igi.“ (enam 165)

rogorc aiaTebidan Cans adamiani dedamiwis ganmgeblad aris movlenili da misi movla da masze zrunva misi valdebulebaa. muslimi icavs bunebas da ufrTxildeba mas. garda amisa yuradsaRebia, rom yuranis sxvadasxva aiaTebSi yvela arsebis saTaved wyalia dasaxelebuli.

„nuTu ver dainaxes, romelTac uaryves, rom cani da miwa erTiani iyo, Semdeg Cven erTmaneTisgan gavyaviT, da gavaCineT yvela sulieri wylidan. nuTu mainc ar irwmuneben?“ (enbia 30)

„da daapurebs mas, saidanac ar elis. xolo vinc sasoebs allahs, maSin igi sakmarisia misTvis. ueWvelad, allahi aRmsrulea saqmis. da daudgina allahma yvelafers zomiereba“. (Talaq 3)

„allahi uwyis, ras atarebs TiToeuli mdedri, da ras iklebs saSvilosno da ras imatebs. da yovelive mis winaSe kanonzomierebiTaa“. (rad 8)

aqedan gamomdinare Cans, rom wyalsa da sicocxles Soris saocari kavSiria. Tanamedrove mecniereba am kavSiris Sesaxeb amomwurav da zust informacias ver floben. magaliTad wylis molekulebi garkveuli periodis Semdeg gamosadegad uvargisni xdebian, rasac eleqtroqimiisa da bioqimiis meSveobiT axsnas ver uZebnian. yoveli ujredi Tavis mini laboratoriaSi wyals zogavs da SemdegSi iyenebs. amisaTvis sxeulis sistemaSi, ujredis Siga da gare hormonebi arsebobs, romlebic wylis moZraobas uzrunvelyofs. mxolod aqedanac Cans wylis mniSvneloba. sicocxlisTvis esoden mniSvnelovani ramis, wylis dabinZureba ra Tqma unda yvela cocxali arsebisTvis zianis momtania. hadisis wignebSi, sisufTavis nawilSi pirdapiraa miTiTebuli, rom wylis dabinZureba akrZalulia. amis miuxedavad, dRevandeli realoba aseTia, rom mTeli kanalizaciebi mdinareebsa da zRvebSi Cadis. es sakmaod saxifaTo tendenciaa, romlis Sesaxeb yuranSicaa miniSnebuli:

„gamoikveTa ukeTureba xmeleTze da zRvaSi imis gamo, rac moixveWes adamianTa xelebma, raTa awios maT nawili imisa, rac Caidines, egebis ukumoiqcnen!“ (rum 41)

„da Cven zegardmovavlineT zecidan wyali zRvrulad da aseTnairad ganvaTavseT igi miwaze. da ueWvelad, misi ukan waRebac xelgvewifeba!“ (mu’minun 18)

„Tqvi: igi mowyalea, virwmuneT misi da mivendeT mas. sul male gaigebT vin aris aSkara cdomilebaSi.“ (mulq 29)

bunebrivi pirobebis erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani elementi haeria. yuranSi haeri (qari) 30-jeraa naxsenebi da aqedanac dasturdeba Tu raoden mniSvnelovani funqcia akisria mas. zomieri qarebi da haeris masebi aregulireben aminds da aseve haers dabinZurebisgan icaven.

adamianebi da sxva cocxali arsebebi haers CaisunTqaven da naxSirorJangs gamoyofen. es mdgomareoba rom Seuferxeblad gagrZeldes sabolood haeri sruliad moiwamleboda, magram RmerTis mier Seqmnili wonasworobis wyalobiT haeris amgvari mowamlva zomierebis farglebs ar scdeba da haeri isev iwmindeba. fotosinTezis wyalobiT haeri isev JangbadiT mdidrdeba da sasunTad gamosadegi xdeba.

wminda wigni yurani sisufTaves did mniSvnelobas aniWebs da Sesabamisad garemos dacvas gvibrZanebs. yuranis mixedviT RmerTs uyvars sufTa adamianebi.

„da ar dadge masSi arasdros . ueWvelad meCeTi, romelic dafuZnda pirveli dRidan RvTismoSiSobaze , ufro Rirsia, rom dadge masSi. iq arian kacni , romlebsac uyvarT, rom ganiwmindon. da allahs uyvars ganwmendilebi.“ (Tevbe 108)

„hei, adamis Svilno! aiReT Tqveni morTuloba yovel salocavTan, WameT da sviT, da ar gadaxvideT zRvars, ueWvelad, mas ar uyvars zRvargadasulni.“ (araf 31)

„ueWvelad, mflangvelebi eSmakis Zmebi arian, xolo eSmaki umaduria Tavisi RmerTis winaSe“. (isra 27)

„nebadarTulia TqvenTvis nanadirevi zRvisa da mirTmeva misi; sargeblad TqvenTvis da mgzavrTaTvis. da aikrZala Tqvenda nanadirevi xmeleTisa, sanam ihramSi imyofebiT. geSinodeT allahisa, romelTa winaSec Sekrebil unda iqmneT!“ (maide 96)

islamis samarTlis wignebSi gawerilia konkretuli materialuri sasjelebi im pirTa mimarT, vinc mcenareebs da zogadad mwvane safars daazianebs. samyaro, romelSic vcxovrobT usazRvrod sufTad da lamazadaa gaCenili, amitom TiToeuli Cvenganis movaleobaa davicvaT dedamiwaze arsebuli wyali, miwa, haeri da zogadad garemo. dedamiwis gasalamazeblad xom samoTxidan nimuSebia warmodgenili da Cven es simdidre unda davicvaT, raTa dedamiwa sacxovreblad ufro ukeTesi gaxdes. garemos Tu gavufrTxildebiT wyali, haeri da yvela sakvebi ufro gemrieli da sasargeblo iqneba.

yuranSi aris mowodebebi, romlebic garemos gacvas gvavaldebulebs. haeris, wylis, miwis, energiis da yvelafris patroni RmerTia. swored man dagvidgina wesebi, romelTa Tanaxmadac Cven es yvelaferi unda davicvaT. mTel kacobriobas surs icxovros iseT garemoSi, sadac simSvide, sijansaRe da bedniereba iqneba.

roca guli ar gulobs

lamia leventi

ukve Cveni Svilebi veRar CaisunTqven iseT sufTa haers, romliTac Cven vsunTqavT. isini veRar ibanaveben iseT wylebSi, sadac Tevzebi dacuraven. isini veRar daynosaven iseT yvavilebs, romlebzec peplebi dafarfateben. SeiZleba Cvens SviliSvilebs zRapariviT movuyveT am yvelaferze.

rogorc sikeTe da silemaze, ise boroteba da siavec virusiviT swrafad gavrceldeba, Tu sasaTbure pirobebs SevuqmniT. adamianis gulic aseTa. Tu adamianis gulma dabinZureba daiwyo, yvela kuTxe kunWuls moedeba da yvela organoSi SeaRwevs. brZeni adamianebi adamianis guls sxva organoebis mmarTvelad Tvlidnen. fizikuri sxeulisTvis ra mniSvnelobac aqvs guls, igive mniSvneloba aqvs sulisTvis sulier gulsac. guli mTeli sxeulis sisxls qaCavs, dabinZurebul sisxls „filtrSi“ atarebs da organizms sufTa sisxliT amaragebs. sisxli rom ar gaiwmindos sxeuli mokvdeba. sulieri gulis funqciac msgavsia. Tu sulieri guli dabinZurda, adamiani sulierad kvdeba. sulieri gulis dabinZureba sityvis, azrisa da qcevis dabinZurebaSi vlindeba.

rogor binZurdeba guli? Suri, boRma, sixarbe da msgavsi rameebi gulis damabinZurebeli sulieri daavadebebia.

cdunebebis mimarT sisuste da maTze ayola sulieri dabinZurebis dasawyisia. adamiani amqveyniuri cxovrebis fiqrSi mudmivad survilebisa da wadilebis asrulebis mcdelobaSia. Tu adamiani cdunebebs daemorCila is mudmivad usazRvro survilebis monad darCeba. survilebi dRiTidRe matulobs da sabolood adamiani mxolod moxmarebaze damokidebuli xdeba. bevri moxmareba bevr warmoebas saWiroebs, Sesabamisad dedamiwaze arsebuli resursebic ufro meti ixarjeba. adamianis survilebi usazRvroa, xolo SesaZleblobebi da resursebi SezRuduli, amitom survilebs ayolili adamiani aramxolod sakuTari Tavis, aramed zogadad dedamiwisTvisaa safrTxis momtani. amqveyniuris survilebis asrulebisTvis mudmivi mcdeloba fuWi mcdelobaa. es aris uZiro ufskruli, romelic adamians iTrevs da axrCobs.

guli maRali grZnobebis, Semwynareblobisa da siyvarulis adgilia, Tumca misi dabinZurebis SemTxvevaSi am Tvisebebs kargavs. RmerTi brZanebs, rom aseT gulebze beWedia dasmuli. gulis dabinZurebaze hadisebSic aris saubari. aiaTSi nabrZanebs Suamavali Semdegnairad ganmartavs: „rodesac msaxuri codvas Caidens gulSi Savi laqa uCndeba. Tu codvis Camdeni mitrialdeba da maSinve moinaniebs, guli gaewmindeba, xolo Tu isev gaagrZelebs codvis Cadenas, es laqa mTel guls moedeba“. sulieri gulis dabinZureba ase xdeba. sabolood dabinZurebulsa da dalaqavebul guls ki RvTiuri beWedi daesmeva, rac yvelaze didi laqaa.

ase sulierad dabinZurebuli guli daicleba iseTi grZnobebisgan, rogoricaa siyvaruli, Semwynarebloba, sikeTe da sxva. cdunebebs ayolili adamiani fizikurad ar brmavdeba, magram misi Tvalebi ukve veRar dainaxavs. aq gulis Tvalzea saubari. adamians rom gulis Tvali daubrmavdeba misi mTeli miswrafebebi amqveyniuri survilebis dakmayofilebisken gaxdeba mimarTuli. Cven Cveni fizikuri TvalebiT vxedavT garemos, yvelafers, rac Cvens irgvlivaa da risi danaxvac Tvals SeuZlia, magram Cveni sulieri xedviT, gulis TvaliT Cven vamCnevT, vxedavT da gviyvardeba. guli siyvarulisa da Semwynareblobis centria, magram is SesaZlebelia siZulvilis, Surisa da boRmis centri gavxadoT.

RmerTma samyaro adamianSi Caatia. adamiani samyaros patara modelia da misi sulieri gulis dabinZureba mTeli samyaros dabinZurebasTan asocirdeba. adamiani mxolod sakuTar guls ki ar abinZurebs, droTa ganmavlobaSi es sibinZure irgvliv vrceldeba da mTel samyaros moicavs.

Cven vxdebiT iseTi dabinZurebis msxverpli, romelic bunebriv garemos, Cvens urTierTobebsa da socialur cxovrebasac moicavs. samyaroSi yvela da yvelaferi erTi saerTo wonasworobis princips emyareba. Cven Cveni SecdomebiTa da codvebiT am harmonias varRvevT.

samyaroSi arsebuli wonasworoba da harmonia rom ar dairRves upirveles yovlisa jansaR da sufTa guls unda vflobdeT. aqedan modis globaluri daTbobac, garemos dabinZurebac, resursebis uyairaTod gamoyenebac, sazogadoebis gaxrwnaca da borotebis gavrcelebac. yvela am ubedurebis mizezi adamiania da is amavdroulad yvela am problemis winaSe pasuxismgeblobis matarebelia. mxolod sufTa guls SeuZlia sikeTe moutanos adamianebs. yvela am ubedurebis saTave sulierebis dabinZurebaa da Sesabamisad maTi mogvarebac gulis gasufTavebidan unda daiwyos.

garemo da zneoba
prof. doq. ibrahim ozdemirTan erTad

aifel balaban

ra aris garemo?

rodesac garemoze vsaubrobT SeiZleba TiToeul Cvengans sxvadasxva ram gagvaxsendes. im mecnieris azriT, romelic metafizikur Rirebulebebs ar aRiarebs, garemo aris bunebrivi samyaro, yvelaferi rac caSi, xmeleTsa da wyalSia da amasTanave cocxali da aracocxali buneba. am yvelafers emateba socialuri garemo, romelic im sazogadoebas gulisxmobs, sadac cxovreba gviwevs. globalizaciis epoqaSi xSirad amboben, rom mxolod erTi samyaro gvaqvs. es aris xedva, romelic socialuri garemos sazRvrebs aRar cnobs. Tanamedrove epoqaSi konkretul adgilas warmoqmnili garemosTan dakavSirebuli problemebi mxolod im garemoSi mcxovrebi adamianebis problema aRar aris da is yvelas exeba. am mimarTulebiT arsebobs adgilobrivi, lokaluri problemebi da saerTo, globaluri problemebi, magaliTad, rogoricaa ozonis Sre, globaluri daTboba da sxva.

meTormete saukunis muslimi moazrovne gazali garemos Tavisi metafizikuri maxasiaTeblebiT aRiqvamda. is ambobda, rom atomebidan dawyebuli mzis sistemebiTa da galaqtikebiT damTavrebuli, yvelaferi RmerTis arsebobas amtkicebda, RmerTs axsenebda da yvelaferi erTmaneTTan mWidro kavSirSi iyo. is aseT garemos ganixilavda. mis Semdeg iyo mevlana da isic atomebis cekvasa da maTgan momdinare RvTiur musikaze saubrobs. misi Sexedulebis Tanaxmad bunebaSi arsebuli yvela xma erTian musikas warmoadgens. musikosebi suzen aleqsanderi da devid dimeri dnm-is moZraobebs notebze gadayvanas axerxeben da ritms qmnian. saocari musika iqmneba.

mevlana sicocxlis wyarod musikas miiCnevs. is ambobs, rom Tu musika damTavrda sicocxlec damTavrdeba. garemos rom davakvirdeT saocar Sexamebas da harmonias davinaxavT. warmoidgineT, rogorc Sens irgvliv samyaroSi, ise Sens sxeulSi, dnm-Si igive musika da harmoniaa. yvelgan erTi mTlianoba igrZnoba. mokled, mevlanas azriT yvela da yvelaferSi RvTiuri musika da RvTiuri siyvarulia. Cven am erTiani samyaros nawili varT da gvaqvs konkretuli adgili da pasuxismgebloba.

aseTi mTlianobis xedva da analizi

yuranis kiTxvisas Tu mas garemos damcvelis poziciidan SevxedavT, mivxvdebiT, rom wminda wignebs Soris yurani garemos yvelaze metad aniWebs mniSvnelobas. es ar aris mxolod Cemi, rogorc muslimi mecnieris mosazreba. amas mravali mecnieri adasturebs. maTgan erT-erTi kanadeli profesori riCard folcia. man dawera wigni „islamSi cxovelebis uflebebi“ da es aris pirveli wigni, romelic am sferoSi inglisurad gamoica. Sedegad Cans, rom garemosa da cxovelebis mimarT yvelaze didi yuradReba yuranSia gamaxvilebuli. Tumca, samwuxarod muslimebi amas ver vxvdebiT.

yuranis pirveli aiaTi, romelic Suamavals moevlina aris: „waikiTxe Seni gamCenis saxeliT“. es ar gulisxmobs mxolod wignis an raime dawerili teqstis wakiTxvas, misi mniSneloba gacilebiT Sors midis.

am pirvel aiaTSi sityva „gamCeni“ garemosTan mimarTebaSi sakvanZo sityvas warmoadgens. es niSnavs, rom garemos, romelSic Cven vcxovrobT gamCeni da patroni hyavs. gamCeni ki mowyalea da yvelaferi rasac vxedavT da riTic vsargeblobT RmerTis wyalobaa. magaliTad yuranis mixedviT wvima erT-erTi wyalobaa. aseve baRebi, yanebi, cxovelebi da sxva, yvela RmerTis mier naboZebi wyalobaa. RmerTi mogviwodebs davakvirdeT Rrublebis movaleobas da moZraobas, mTebis myarad dgomas, varskvlavebis moZraobas, gemebis curvas zRvaSi, cocxali arsebebis gaCenas da am yvelafridan azri gamovitanoT. es yvelaferi rom gavigoT misi wakiTxva unda SevZloT ise, rogorc amas yurani gvaswavlis. Rrmadmorwmune adamiani dReSi ormocjer kiTxulobs faTihas da Sesabamisad ormocjer ixsenebs samyaroTa gamCens da madlierebas gamoxatavs mis mimarT.

erT-erTi sxva aiaTis mixedviT dedamiwaze saiTac ar unda miixedoT, yvelgan RmerTia. am TvalsazrisiT RmerTi yvelasa da yvelafers moicavs. fsiqologiuri TvalsazrisiT amas didi mniSvneloba gaaCnia. pirveli is, rom am samyaroSi martoni ar varT. Cvens irgvliv arsebuli samyaro coxalia da SemTxveviTobis Sedegi ar aris. darvinis evoluciis Teoriam Zveleburi momxibvleloba dakarga. msoflioSi yvelaze asakovani da avtoritetuli aTeisti filosofosi profesori antoni fliu dnm-ze dakvirvebebs awarmoebda, ris Semdegac man aRiara, rom es yvelaferi samyaros asaxsnelad sakmarisi ar iyo da samyaro RmerTis Seqmnilia. samyaros saocrebaze dakvirveba da iqidan gamotanili daskvnebi Zalian mniSvnelovania.

Cvens irgvliv yvelaferi garkveuli wonasworobis, zomierebis, silamazisa da mniSvnelobis mixedviTaa gaCenili. rahmanis suras sawyis aiaTebSi samyaros suraTia aRwerili:

1. „mowyalem

2. Seaswavla yurani,

3. gaaCina adamiani,

4. Seaswavla mas mWermetyveleba.

5. mze da mTvare – gaTvlili angariSiT (moZraoben).

6. da varskvlavebi da xeebi sejdes asruleben

7. da zecac, romelic aRmarTa. da ganaTavsa saswori,

8. rom ar gadaxdeT wonaSi.

9. gamarTeT saswori samarTlianad da ar daakloT wonaSi!

10. da qveyana, romelic ganawesa suldgmulTaTvis,

11. masSia xili da indis xurma daxunZluli.

12. aseve SefoTlili marcvleuli da surnelovani balaxi.

13. maS, Tqveni RmerTis romel mowyalebans SeracxavT crud ?!

14. man gaaCina adamiani mSrali, gamomwvari miwis dariT.

15. da gaaCina jinebi ukvamlo cecxlisgan.

16. maS, Tqveni RmerTis romel mowyalebans SeracxavT crud?!

17. RmerTia ori aRmosavleTisa da RmerTia ori dasavleTisa !

18. maS, Tqveni RmerTis romel mowyalebans SeracxavT crud?!

19. miuSva ori zRva, erTmaneTs eamborebian.

20. maT Soris uxilavi mijnaa, romelsac ver gadalaxaven.

21. maS, Tqveni RmerTis romel mowyalebans SeracxavT crud?!

22. ori maTganidan amodis margaliti da Zowi.

23. maS, Tqveni RmerTis romel mowyalebans SeracxavT crud?!

24. da mas ekuTvnis xomaldebi zRvaSi , aRSenebulni, uSvelebeli mTebis darni.

25. maS, Tqveni RmerTis romel mowyalebans SeracxavT crud?!

26. yovelive vinc maszea warmavalia.

27. da maradiulia arsi Seni RmerTisa, brwyinvalisa da didebulisa.

28. maS, Tqveni RmerTis romel mowyalebans SeracxavT crud?!

29. eajeba mas, vincaa caTa Sina da qveyanasa zeda. yoveldRe igi axal gamovlinebaSia.

isras suraSi nabrZanebia, rom samyaroSi yvela da yvelaferi RmerTs axsenebs. yvela arseba Tu sagani sakuTari eniT RmerTis xsenebaSia, magram Cven yvela am enas ver vxvdebiT. hamdi iaziri ambobs, rom frinvelebi, mwerebi, qari da mokled yvelaferi RmerTs ganadideben, magram Cven jerjerobiT maT enas ver vxvdebiT.

yuranSi am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT garkveuli miniSnebebia. magaliTad daviTis vedreba frinvelebsa da mTebs esmiT. suleiman (a.s) ambobs, rom WianWvelebi erTmaneTs esaubrebian. yvelafers misTvis maxasiaTebeli ena gaaCnia. isev hamdi iaziris naTqvami rom gavixsenoT, Cven jerjerobiT maTi enis gageba ar SegviZlia da droTa ganmavlobaSi adamianma SeiZleba SeZlos es.

islamis mixedviT garemosadmi mopyrobis ZiriTadi faqtorebi

1 islamis garemosadmi damokidebulebas pirvel rigSi „Tevhidi“ anu erTi RmerTis rwmena gansazRvravs. es samyaro RmerTma Seqmna. es gaCena SemTxveviTi ar iyo. yvelaferi garkveuli wonasworobiTa sibrZniTaa gaCenili. Cven mogvianebiT gagvaCina RmerTma da ukve gaCenil samyaroSi mogvavlina. RmerTma mogvabara pasuxismgebloba, romlis aRebac mTebma da cam ver gabedes. Suamavalma es pasuxismgeblobebi Segvaswavla. Cven pasuxismgebelni varT yvela im qmedebaze, rasac movimoqmedebT. mogvianebiT ki, saiqioSi yvelafris gamo gankiTxva gvelodeba. aieTSi nabrZanebia: „da is, vinc iotisodena sikeTe mainc hqmna, ixilavs imas (jildos miiRebs)!

da isic, vinc iotisodena avi hqmna, ixilavs imas (samagiero miezRveba)!“ (zilzal 7,8)

es aris aSkara, pirdapiri swavleba da brZaneba, romelsac yuradReba unda mivaqcioT. magaliTad dilas saseirnoT wasulebi vxedavT, rom gazafxuli modis da irgvliv yvelaferi cocxldeba. vxedaT afeTqebul kvirtebs, miwaze moseirne mwerebs, mcenareTa da cxovelTa samyaros. Tu gvinda gavugoT im ekosistemas, romelSic vcxovrobT, am yvelafers unda davakvirdeT. bunebaze dakvirvebis Sedegad vnaxavT Tu rogoraa erTmaneTze damokidebuli sicocxle. am yvelafers yuradRebiT da STagonebiT unda davakvirdeT. Tvali gaaxileT da es saswauli buneba SeniSneT. smena gaamaxvileT da bunebaSi arsebuli harmoniuli musikis xmas CaswvdiT. ynosviT SeigrZaniT miwisa da yvavilebis surneli. xeli SeaxeT miwas, qvas, wyals... gaixseneT, rom miwa varT da isev miwas unda davubrundeT.

am yvelafers mxolod me da Cemnairad moazrovne muslimebi ki ar viZaxiT, es msoflios cnobili garemosdamcvelebis azricaa.

Cvens kulturaSi tradiciuli dedebi Svilebs pataraobidanve afrTxileben, rom garemos mimarT yuradRebiani iyon. magaliTad, mxolod WianWvelebi ar daxocoT, Ciqtebs budeebi ar daungioT ki ara, ufro mravlismomcvel rCevebs aZleven xolme. maT es damokidebuleba SeiZleba pirdapir yuranTan ar iyos kavSirSi, magram amgvari damokidebulebis CamoyalibebaSi yuranis wvlili ra Tqma unda aris. im WianWvelis gaCenas Tavisi sibrZne da mizani gaaCnia. gazalis aqvs wigni, romelSic cocxali arsebebis gaCenis sibrZnea ganxiluli. aseve mravladaa wignebi, romelbic sxvadasxva saxeobis cxovelebs Seexeba. islamuri civilizaciis klasikuri epoqis dros msgavsi sakiTxebis Sesaxeb sakmaod mravali wigni daiwera. samwuxarod ukanasknel periodSi msgavsi sakiTxebi SedarebiT ugulebelyofilia.

gamomdinare aqedan imis Tqma minda, rom Cven TiToeuli namoqmedaris gamo pasuxismgebloba gvakisria da Cveni cxovrebac am rwmenis mixedviT unda warvmarToT. Tu ase vicxovrebT erT foTolsac ver movwyvetT, Tu es saWiro da aucilebeli ar aris. veRarc katas da ZaRls davtovebT mSiers. aRarc yvavilebis morwyva dagvaviwydeba. cxovelebsac aRar vawamebT. aRarc boTlebs da sxva narCenebs ar gadavyriT manqanis fanjridan. arc qarxnis gamonabolqviTa da narCenebiT mowamlavT haers, wyals, mdinares da zRvebs. pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba amis uflebas ar mogcemT. Cven yvela Cvens qmedebebSi RmerTs unda mivekedlebodeT. mxolod namaziT, marxviT, mowyalebiTa da hajiT idealuri muslimebi ver gavxdebiT.

adamiani dedamiwis mpyrobelad aris movlenili, rogor moqmedebs misi es mdgomareoba bunebasTan urTierTobaSi? adamiani dedamiwis mpyrobeli da gamgebelia Tu yvelaferi mas abaria da es yvelaferi Rirseulad unda daabrunos?

Tqveni es SekiTxva gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania. adamianis dedamiwis mpyrobelad da mmarTvelad movlinebis sakitxi bevri filosofosis mier iqna ganxiluli. adamianis bunebasTan damokidebuleba gansakuTrebiT TvalsaCino gaxda meCvidmete saukuneSi. am dros Tavi iCina fransiz bakonis mosazrebebma, romelbic Semdeg frazebSi gamoixateboda: „bunebaze lagamis amodeba“, „bunebis marTva“, „bunebaze kbilebis daZroba“ da sxva. meCvidmete saukunidan meoce saukunemde siwmindeebis gandevna mimdinareobda da paralelurad adamianis, rogorc yvelafris „centris“ roli izrdeboda. am mosazrebis Tanaxmad adamiani rac ufro metad daimorCilebda bunebas, miT ufro civilizebuli iqneboda da ganviTardeboda. Tumca, rogorc ki garemosTan dakavSirebuli globaluri problemebi gamoCnda, yvela mixvda, rom adamiani bunebis ara baton-patroni aramed misi nawilia. adamiani bunebas rasac gaukeTebs isev ukanve daubrundeba. Tu haers davabinZurebT wvima isev miwaze Camoitans da wyals Seereva. aaaseTi wylis dalevisas adamiani SeiZleba daavaddes.

adamianma imis gageba, rom isic bunebis nawili iyo, samociani wlebidan daiwyo. mevlana ambobda, buneba Cveni dedaao. Cven dedabunebas vazianebT, vanadgurebT. Sedegad bunebam garemos problemebis saxiT adamians gafrTxileba misca da uTxra: „Sen bunebis mbrZanebeli ar xar, Sen mxolod misi mokrZalebuli nawili xar, rac Cven mogviva mere isev Sen dagibrundeba“.

me vfiqrob garemosTan harmoniuli TanacxovrebisTvis amgvari globaluri da erTiani midgomebia saWiro. Cven viciT Tu raoden mniSvnelovania mezoblebTan mSvidobiani urTierToba, raTa sazogadoebrivi wesrigi da simSvide SenarCundes. asea bunebasTan urTierTobac. Tu gvinda masTan harmoniaSi vicxovroT da aseve momavali Taobebic bednierebi iyvnen, bunebaSi arsebul yvela cocxal Tu aracocxal arsebasTan mSvidobiani urTierToba unda gvqondes.

rogor SevqmnaT garemosTan amgvari damokidebuleba?

upirveles yovlisa sakuTari Tavisa da garemos mimarT Cveni Sexedulebebi unda Seicvalos. es ki ganaTlebiTaa SesaZlebeli. vin varT Cven, ra aris es samyaro, romelSic vcxovrobT da romlis nawilic varT? es da sxva amgvari Sekitxvebi unda daisvas da pasuxebi moiZebnos. rogor norvegieli mecnieri arne naesi ambobs, „saWiroa xelaxali da siRrmiseuli dafiqreba“. siRrmiseulad dafiqrebaze Tu midgeba saqme, erTi foTolic ki mTeli sicocxle dafiqrebas Rirs. ase Tu mividgebiT sakiTxs, foToli ubralo ram ki ara, saswaulia. isic unda warmovidginoT Tu ramdeni ramaa saWiro erTi foTlis Sesaqmnelad. jer sakuTari Tavi unda ganvsajoT da SemdegSi ukve wakiTxuli da Seswavlili codnis mixedviT vicxovroT.

filosofiis mamad wodebuli sokratec amas ambobda, rom TviTgansjis gareSe cxovreba ar Rirda. amgvari gansjis Sedegi mudmivi ganviTareba da ganaTleba iqneba. marqsisti mecnieri rudolf bahro sikvdilamde isev religiiT dainteresda. man stambolSi gamarTul konferenciaze Tqva: „Tu Cven Suamavlebis; moses, iesosa da muhammedis msgavsad Sexedulebebis cvlilebas ar movaxdenT, verasodes gavarTmevT Tavs im problemebs, romelTa winaSec dedamiwa dgas“. Tu am Suamavlebis qadagebebs davakvirdebiT, samive erTi RmerTs arsebobas qadagebda, romelmac samyaro gaaCina da adamianebs miabara.

gamodis rom samyaro Cveni didi ojaxia.

yvela sxva arsebebi CvensaviT RmerTis gaCenilebi arian da yuranSi maT Sesaxeb bevrjer aris saubari. maTac da Cvenc RmerTi gvaZlevs sarCos da erTi da igive saxlSi, samyaroSi vcxovrobT.

rogorc cnoblia sityva garemo dRevandeli mniSvnelobiT germanelma bilogma ernst heinrix haekelma gamoiyena. heikelic ambobda, rom dedamiwa erT saxlad unda aRviqvaTo. garda amisa fahreddin razis, qeSSafs, Taberis da hamdi iazir Tu davakvirdebiT, hadisebis ganmartebebi TiTqmis erTnairi aqvT. TiToeuli maTgani dedamiwas erT saxlad aRiqvams da ise ganixilavs. sxva cxovelebic erTgvar „sazogadoebad“aris miCneuli. yuranS xSradaa naxsenebi WianWvelebi, futkrebi, oboba da sxva. RmerTi mogviwodebs davakvirdeT cxovelebs da Sesabamisi daskvnebi gamovitanoT. Suamavalic amas gvaswavlis, rom erTi saaTi Tefeqquri, erTi wlis nafile RvTismsaxurebis tolfasiao.

gamomdinare aqedan garemos dacva ar aris moda. is rwmenisgan momdinare samyaros sruliad axleburi aRqmaa. es aris dedamiwis, rogorc erTi saerTo saxlis aRqma da masze zrunva. amitom am saerTo saxls unda movuaroT, davicvaT sisufTave da ziani ar mivayenoT, xolo Tu vinme zianis miyenebas apirebs xeli SevuSaloT.

aRniSnul sakiTxTan mimarTebaSi sxva religiebsac msgavsi Sexedulebebi gaaCniaT. Cven viciT budistebis, konfucis, amerikeli wiTelkanianebis da sxvaTa midgomebi bunebis sakiTxebTan mimarTebaSi. dResmsoflios mraval wamyvan universitetebSi garemo da religia calke sagnad aris warmodgenili. xSirad imarTeba konferenciebi da msjeloba imis Taobaze Tu raoden didi wvlilis Setana SeuZlia religias garemosTan dakavSirebuli problemebis mogvarebaSi.

mokled, Cven mxolod erTi dedamiwa gvaqvs. garemos dacvis TvalsazrisiT dedamiwac CvensaviT cocxali arsebaa. gamomdinare aqedan Cveni cxovrebis stili, qcevebi da resursebis moxmareba masTan pirdapir kavSirSia. Cven valdebulni varT xelaxla gadavxedoT sakuTari cxovrebis stils, qcevebs da resursebis gamoyenebis normebs. am mimarTulebiT arsebuli mdgomareoba sagangaSoa. amitom swored axlaa sakuTari Tavisa gansjisa da gankiTxvis dro.

Tu axla ara, maSin rodis unda ganvsajoT sakuTari Tavi?

nuTu maSn daviwyebT sakuTari qmedebebis gansjas, roca erTaderT planetas, romelzec vcxovrobT, gavanadgurebT?

axalgazrdebis perspeqtividan axalgazrdoba da garemo

a. nevra qirbaSoRlu
n. hande donerkaia

adamianis cxovrebaSi axalgazrdoba bavSvobidan zrdasrulobis asakSi gardasvlis periodia, romelic garkveuli SfoTvebiT xasiaTdeba. am periodSi adamianebi sazogadoebaSi adgilis damkvidrebas da sakuTari pirovnebis realizebas cdiloben, Sesabamisad am asakis adamianebi sazogadoebis yvelaze cvalebadi da xisti nawili arian. Tumca, amasTanave sazogadoebrivi ganviTarebis sakiTxSi axalgazrdebs „gasaRebis“ roli akisriaT.

Tanamedrove axalgazrdoba zogadad pesimizmiT gamoirCeva da moamvlis mimarT skeptikuri damokidebuleba gaaCniaT. swavlis periodis siZneleebi, sagamocdo stresebi, SemdgomSi samsaxuris Ziebis dros warmoqmnili problemebi da sxva, axalgazrdebs uimedobasa da pesimistur ganwyobebs uyalibebs. sazogadoebriv problemebs Sori erT-erTi gamorCeuli problema garemosTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebia, romelTa mimarTac axalgazrdebis damokidebuleba da CarTuloba erTob mniSvnelovania. axalgazrdebi garemos problemebis mimarT gulgrili ver rCebian. dReisaTvis dedamiwis da atmosferos mdgomareoba iseTia, rom axalgazrdebisTvis saimedo momavlis gancdis Seqmna sakmaod Znelia. globaluri daTboba da misgan momdinare sxva problemebi, yoveldRiurad mimdinare bunebrivi cvlilebebi da janmrTelobis problemebi sakmaod pirdapiri gafrTxilebaa saimisod, rom garemos mimarT meti yuradReba gvmarTebs.

upirveles yovlisa, garemosTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis gadawyvetisas axalgazrdebs meti ndoba unda gamovucxadoT. axalgazrdebma meti pasuximgebloba unda aiRon garemoze da problemebis mimarT ufro realisturi Sexedulebebi unda SeeqmnaT. samwuxarod Cveni axalgazrdoba sakmarisad Caxeduli ar aris am sakiTxSi da arc sakmarisi mzaoba gaaCnia. maTi ZiriTadi miswrafebebi globalizaciis mier motanili, usulgulo aqtivobebisken aris mimarTuli. globalizaciis Sedegad miRebuli cxovrebis es stili gansakuTrebiT axalgazrdebze moqmedebs. isini uyairaTo momxmareblebi arian da es moqmedebs rogorc socialur mdgomareobaze, ise garemos mdgomareobazec.

wina Taobebis mier daSvebuli Secdomebisa da upasuxismgeblo qmedebebis gamo dRes, Cveni axalgazrdobis sacxovrebel garemos didi ziani miadga. es aris klimatisa da sezonebis arabunebrivi cvalebadoba, gaudabnoeba, gvalvebi, erozia da sxva.

swrafi urbanizaciis pirobebSi specifikurma problemebma iCina Tavi. gaizarda qalaqebi, miwebi umosavlo darCa da faqtiurad sargeblobis gareSe darCa, ramac ekonomikuri siduxWire da SimSilis safrTxe Seqmna.

sawarmooo narcenebma garemo daabinZura, ris Sedegadac sasmeli wyali janmrTelobisTvis safrTxis Semcveli gaxda. momavalSi SeiZleba sasmeli wylis katastrofuli deficiti Seiqmnas. saamiso signalebi ukve aris da dedamiwam gangaSis zars Camohkra.

axalgazrdebma unda gaaTviTcnobieron TavianTi da msoflios momavali. saamisod ki, upirveles yovlisa safrTxe unda dainaxon da Tvali gausworon. isini modas da garTobas uTmoben ZiriTad dros da energias. sasurvelia, rom igive yuradRebiT da gulisxmierebiT garemos problemebiT dainteresdnen.

Cven, adamianebs msoflios, kacobriobisa da garemos mimarT Zalian didi pasuxismgebloba gagvaCnia. es pasuxismgebloba islamma dagvakisra da es wminda yuranSicaa mocemuli. islami mudmivad avaldebulebs adamianebs, rom rac kargia gaufrTxildnen da siavisgan Tavi Sors daiWiron. gamomadinare aqedan garemos gacva da gafrTxileba muslimTa movaleobaa. yvela muslimi unda grZnobdes am pasuxismgeblobas. axla ki Tqvens yuradRebas rumis suras 41-e aiaTze gavamaxvilebT:

„gamoikveTa ukeTureba xmeleTze da zRvaSi imis gamo, rac moixveWes adamianTa xelebma, raTa awios maT nawili imisa, rac Caidines, egebis ukumoiqcnen!“

sazogadoebrivi bednierebisTvis ZiriTadi piroba sando adamianuri urTierTobis garda kulturuli da esteTikuri garemos dacvaa. garemos dacvis problemis mogvareba dRevandeli saWiroebebisa da samomavlo saWiroebebs Soris gadawyvetilebis miRebaze gadis. Tu dResve ar gaviTvaliswineT es yvelaferi da prevenciaze ar vifiqreT samomavlod katastrofuli Sedegebia mosalodneli.

dReisaTvis msoflio seriozuli saSiSroebis winaSe dgas. amgvari saSiSroeba gansakuTrebiT did masStabebs iZens e.w. ganuviTarebel da ganviTarebad qveynebSi. rac Seexeba ganviTarebul qveynebs, am mxriv garkvuli yuradReba da mcdeloba aris, Tumca es yvelaferi isev ganviTarebadi qveynebisTvis uaresi Sedegis momtani xdeba.

samwuxarod es saSiSroeba Cvens qveyanaSic sakmaod seriozulia. am saSiSroebis Tavidan asacileblad, rogorc zemoT iqna aRniSnuli, axalgazrdebis gaTviTcnobiereba da maqsimaluri CarTulobaa saWiro. warsulSi daSvebuli Secdomebi uaryofiT Sedegebs dRes gvaCvenebs. dedamiwaze cxovreba rTuldeba da es upirveles yovlisa axalgazrdebma unda dainaxon.

garemos dabinZurebas gansakuTrebiT xels uwyobs sawarmoo narCenebi da gamonabolqvi, romelic atmosferoS xvdeba da Semdeg wvimasTan erTad miwasa da wyalSi ereva. dedamiwaze mcxovrebi cocxali arsebebi ki miwiTa da wyliT vsazrdoobT.

warmoeba, xvna-Tesvisas traqtorebis gamoyeneba, SemaSfoTeblad gazrdili avtomobilebis raodenoba, eleqtroenergiis zedmeti moxmareba da sxva msgavsi faqtorebi garemos dabinZurebis ZiriTadi mizezebia. Sedegad viRebT globalur daTbobas, klimatis cvlilebas, myinvarebis dnobas, zRvis donis matebas da Sesabamisad xmeleTis Semcirebas.

yvelze didi safrTxe mainc atomuri energiisgan gamowveuli SesaZlo ziania. atomuri energiiisgan momdinare radiacia Tavidan momakvdinebelia, xolo Semdeg didi xnis manZilze inarCunebs mavne zemoqmedebas da iwvevs kibos msgavs momakvdinebel daavadebebsa da aseve axalSobilTa paTologiebs.

rogor zemoT aRvniSneT, warmoebis swrafi tempiT zrda garemos dabinZurebas iwvevs. amis gamo ganviTarebuli qveynebi xSirad TavinT sawarmoo narCenebs ganuviTarebeli qveynebis kuTvnil zRvebSi yrian, rac warmoudgenlad araadamianuri „gonierebaa“.

rogorc yvela sxva sakiTxSi, garemos dabinZurebis sakiTxSic ganviTarebadi qveynebis ziani gacilebiT didia. axalgazrdebma gamoRviZeba daiwyes. am mimarTulebiT alternatiuli samuSaoebi mimdinareobs. axalgazrdebi ikribebian da sxva asakis adamianebTan erTad aqtivobebs axorcieleben. tardeba seminarebi, Sekrebebi, aqciebi da sxva. sxvadasxva jgufebi erTandebian da ufro did dajgufebas qmnian. amgvari saqmianoba axalgazrdebis garemos problemebis gadawyvetis saqmeSi Cabmas isaxavs miznad. aseve universitetebic aqtiurad arian Cabmulebi da mimdinareobs garemos problemebis Seswavla.

dReisaTvis aqtiuri yuradRebaa mipyrobili tbebisa da wyalsacavebis mSeneblobaze. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT axalgazrdebis mxridan sakmao daintereseba SeimCneva da am mimarTulebiT gaTviTcnobierebuli, zomieri momxmareblebisgan Semdgari sazogadoeba yalibdeba. am mxriv gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania imis gageba, rom garemos problemebi mxolod erTi qveynis problema ver iqneba da is aucileblad globalur konteqstSi unda iqnes ganxiluli. msoflios axalgazrdebi unda gaerTiandnen da erTiani ZalebiT unda uSvelon dedamiwas. yvelaferi, rac am mimarTulebiT gakeTda da rac gakeTdeba Cveni planetis gadarCenisTvis iqneba.

bavSvebi da garemo

rahime beder Sen

damianis cxovreba, dabadebidan sikvdilamde, sazogadoebaSi, bunebriv garemoSi mimdinareobs. fizikuri garemo, romelic Cvens irgvliv samyaros warmoadgens, mudmivad moqmedebs Cvenze. axaldabadebuli bavSvisTvis es garemo mniSvnelovania radgan misTvis es sacxovrebel pirobebs qmnis. yovel axaldabadebul bavSvs uwevs Seiswavlos garemo da SeiTvisos sicocxlisTvis saWiro unarebi. raime ganaTlebac rom ar mivceT, bavSvi mainc SeZlebs fizikur garemosTan Seguebas, daamyarebs masTan kavSirs da arsebobisTvis gzebs monaxavs.

bavSvebi didi yuradRebiT akvirdebian yvelafers, rac maT irgvliv garemoSi xdeba. maT bevri ram ainteresebT da izidavT da cdiloben Seiswavlon. maT ainteresebT rogorc frenen frinvelebi da TviTmfrinavebi, rogorc izrdebian xeebi da yvavilebi da ase Semdeg. maTi amdeni da ase mravalmxrivi interesis dakmayofileba da Sesabamisi pasuxebis gacema Zalian mniSvnelovania.

ojaxSi patarebi mudmivad urTierToben garemosa da bunebasTan, swavloben mas, akvirdebian, iZenen gamocdilebas da saWiro unarebs. magaliTad, bavSvebisTvis garemoze dakvirvebis TvalsazrisiT Semodgomis foTolcvena xelsayreli SemTxvevaa, raTa garemos es cvalebadoba gamoikvlion da Seiswavlon. rodesac foTlebs akvirdeban, maT SeuZliaT naxon mwerebi, romlebic am foTlebiT ikvebebian. aseve SesaZlebelia foTlebis formis, feris, zomisa da sxva maxasiaTeblebis mixedviT. bavSvebi amiT garemosac swavloben da aseve sxva unarebsac gamoimuSaveben. bunebasTan dakavSirebuli movlenebi sasurvelia detalurad avuxsnaT bavSvebs da maTTvis gasagebi eniT mivaxvedroT iq mimdinare procesebis mizezebi da Sedegebi.

gamomdinare aqedan, mSoblisa Tu meurvis erT-erTi ZiriTadi movaleoba swored garemos Seswavleba, bunebaSi arsebuli wonasworobisa da mizez-Sedegobriobis gacnobaa. bavSvebs unda gavacnoT bunebis mniSvneloba da misi sargeblianoba da raRa Tqma unda misi dacvisa da gafrTxilebis aucilebloba.

garda mSoblebisa bavSvebTan bevrs dros atareben maswavleblebic. maswavleblebic valdebulni arian yuradReba gaamaxvilon garemos problemebze, raTa bavSvebSi garemos mimarT mgrZnobeloba da pasuxismgebloba gaaRvivon. maswavlebelma sxvadasxva meTodebiT, gegmazomierad unda daakmayofilon bavSvebis interesebi, cnobismoyvareoba da survilebi. bavSvebs yovelTvis saintereso aqtivobebi unda SevTavazoT, raTa ifiqron, iazrovnon, gamoikvlion da aRmoaCinon.

am mimarTulebiT gansakuTrebiT xelsayrelia eqskursiebisa da laSqrobebis mowyoba. bunebaSi gasvliT bavSvebi garemosTan pirispir rCebian. am dros sasurvelia bavSvebis waxaliseba, raTa maTi cnobismoyvareoba gaizardos da garemosTan dakavSirebiT interesi gamoxaton. isini unda SevagulianoT rom bevri SekiTxvebi dasvan. es ra aris, risTvis, ratom... es da msgavsi SekiTxvebi gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania.

am yvelafrisTvis saWiroa mSoblebic da maswavleblebic bunebis Sesaxeb informirebulni iyvnen, raTa bavSvebis interesebi swori mimarTulebiT warmarTon.

SezRuduli SesaZleblobis
mqone adamianebi
SezRuduli garemo

mustafa qiliC

yovlisSemZle RmerTma adamianebi gansxvavebuli gaaCina. yovel adamians sxvasTan SedarebiT gansxvavebuli fizikuri an gonebrivi SesaZleblobebi SeiZleba hqondes da Sesabamisad zog adamians sxvasTan SedarebiT garkveuli sisuste, gonebrivi CamorCeniloba, mxedvelobis Tu smenis problema da sxva msgavsi nakli SeiZleba hqondes.

am TvisebaTagan romeli ufro sasargeblo da upiratesia es mxolod RmerTma uwyis. Cveni valdebulebaa RvTisgan naboZebi wyalobis gamo madlierni viyoT. Cven unda SevZloT Cveni naklovanebebianad vicxovroT bednierad yuradReba mivaqcioT garemos, raTa SezRudvebi SevamciroT.

saamisod sasurvelia saxlebi, gzebi, samuSao adgilebi da sxva garemo ise movawyoT, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebisaTvis maqsimalurad xelsayreli iyos. SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone da armqone adamianebma Tanabrad unda SeZlon garemoSi Tanaarseboba, ganaTlebis miReba, muSaoba da zogadad Tanacxovreba.

SezRudvebi pirobiTia da mas adamianebi vqmniT. zogadad miRebuli standartis mixedviT karis simaRle 180-200 santimetria, xolo sifarTe 90-100 sm. yvela karis simaRle rom 120 sm, xolo sifarTe 30 sm. iyos adamianTa umravlesoba aseTi karebiT sargeblobisas problemebs waawydeba da maTi SesaZleblobebi SezRuduli gaxdeba. aviRoT trotuari... trotuaris simaRle saerTod 5-dan 20 sm.mde meryeobs. Tu Cven 50 santimetrian trotuarebs gavakeTebT bevri adamianisTvis maTze asvla Zalian garTuldeba da isini SezRuduli SesaZlebloebis adamianebi gaxdebian. aseve SegviZlia vimsjeloT kibis safexurebis simaRlezec. safexurebis simaRle zogadad 15 sm-ia, magram Tu Cven 45 santimetri simaRlis safexurebs gavakeTebT bevri adamiani kibeze asvlas ver SeZlebs.

garda aq CamoTvlili gzebis, karebis Tu kibeebisa, sxva danarCeni infrastruqtura Tu aveji isea damzadebuli, rom SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqoneTaTvis gamosayeneblad SeuZlebelia. asea miwisqveSa Tu miwiszeda gadasasvlelebi, gzebi, sapirfareSoebi, samzareuloebi, aveji da sxva. Tundac mobiluri telefonebi. isini isea damzadebuli, rom mxedveloba an smenadaqveiTebulTaTvis maTi gamoyeneba SezRudulia. aqedan gamomdinare adamianTa sacxovrebeli garemo ise unda iyos mowyobili, rom RmerTis gaCenili gansxvavebuli SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebi Tanabrad sargeblobdnen da Tanaswori Tanacxovreba SeeZloT. Sesabamisad Cven Tamamad SegviZlia ganvaxcadoT, rom SezRudvebi gamowveulia Seusabamo garemodan da ara im adamianebisgan, romlebsac Cven SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebs veZaxiT.

trotuarebi rom 3-5 sm. iyos da alag-alag etlis asasvlelebi hqondes es iq mosiaruleebs xels araferSi SeuSlis, samagierod ki etliT mosiaruleebisTvis gamosadegi gaxdeba. axlandeli 20 santimtriani trotuarebi imdenad mouxerxebelia, rom etlis iq asayvanad ori adamiania saWiro. amas emateba uwesrigo mZRolebic, romlebic arc SuqniSans dagideven da arc gzis daTmoba ician. am yvelafris gaTvaliswinebiT cxadia, rom swored Cven vqmniT pirobebs, sadac SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone adamianebi aseTebad miiCnevian.

ratom akeTeben trotuarebs aseTi simaRlis? imitom rom zed manqanebi ar avidnen. arada trotuarebi qveiTebisTvisaa gankuTvnili da ara manqanebisTvis. miuxedavad amisa mZRolebi am wess ar icaven da manqanebi trotuarze ayavT. am problemis mosagvareblad maRali trotuarebis gakeTeba ar kmara. trotuarebi dabali unda iyos. ufro metic, rodesac saswrafos an saxanZros gzis daTmoba sWirdeba manqanebis iq asvla da gzis daTmoba unda SeiZlebodes. sxva dros trotuarze vinc ava da iq manqanas gaaCerebs maTTvis Zalian maRali jarimebi unda dawesdes. evropis qveynebSi muSaobs sistema, romlis mixedviTac naRdi fuliT ajildoeben im adamianebs, romlebic trotuarze asuli manqanis danaxvisas policias gamoiZaxebs. es sistema iq kargad muSaobs. vinc wesebs ar icavs, maTTvis salaparako ena es unda iyos, „maRali jarima“.

bevr qalaqSi aseve naxavT garemovaWreebs, an e.w. butkebs pirdapir trotuarze, sadac sxvadasxva ram iyideba. isini yvelas gzas uRobaven da miTumetes SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqoneT. magaliTad, mxedvelobaSezRuduli adamiani am movaWreebsa da butkebs Soris gavlas ver SeZlebs. Tundac invalidis etliT rogor unda gaiaro maT Soris? yvela es garemovaWreebic da aseTi butkebic Sesabamis SenobaS unda gadasaxldnen da TavianTi saqmianoba iq gaagrZelon. trotuarebis aseTnairi dakaveba, sadac gavla ferxdeba Tanamedroveobis sircxvilicaa da amasTanave adamianebze gadaadgilebis uflebis warTmevac.

qalaqis mTeli infrastruqtura, gzebi, xidebi, gadasasvlelebi, trotuarebi, skolebi, marketebi, bankebi, salocavebi, parkingisTvis gamoyofili adgilebi, sapirfareSoebi, mokled yvela sazogado adgili xelaxla unda gadakeTdes da isini SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqoneTaTvis absoluturad gamosadegi unda gaxdes.

samSeneblo seqtorSi dasaqmebulebs mxolod erTi dardi da mizani aqvT- rac SeiZleba meti fuli iSovon. kargi, magram Sen mogmarTav mSeneblobis mepatronev, inJinero, arqiteqtoro, muSav... vTqvaT da mSneblobis dros ubeduri SemTxveva moxda da saavadmyofodan roca gamoxval invalidis etlze mijaWvuli aRmoCndi. Sen aseT saxlSi, rogorsac axla aSeneb, cxovrebas SeZleb? ver SeZleb xom? maS, ratom aSeneb aseTs? gaqvs ufleba, rom ise aSeno, rom adamianTa nawilisTvis SeuZlebeli iyos misiT sargebloba? eg fuli, romelsac moigeb, gana yvelaferia? anda meriis TanamSromlebo, Tqven rogor gaeciT nebarTva iseTi saxlis agebisa, sadac zogisTvis cxovreba SeuZlebelia?!

bolo wlebSi mTeli msoflios masStabiT gamoikveTa tendencia, romlis mixedviTac saqalaqo infrastruqtura da Senobebi SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone pirebisTvisac misaRebi da gamosadegi iqneba. bunebrivia es tendencia Cvens qveyanaSic SeiniSneba.

islami adamianis sulier Tvisebebs aniWebs upiratesobas da ara fizikurs. mniSvneloba ar aqvs adamiani unarSezRudulia Tu ara, Tu is RvTismoSiSia RvTis winaSe dafasebuli iqneba. hujuraTis suras 13-e aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

„hei, adamianno! ueWvelad, erTi mamridan da erTi mdedridan gagaCineT Tqven da rom SeicnoT erTmaneTi, dagadgineT erebad da tomebad. ueWvelad, Tqvengan yvelaze pativdebuli allahis winaSe TqvenSi yvelaze ufro RvTismoSiSia. ueWvelad, allahi yovlismcodnea, yvelafrismcodnea!“

Suamavalic unarSezRudulebs didi yuradRebiT epyroboda da maT problemebs agvarebda. garda amisa maTTvis Sesaferisi movaleobebi hqonda micemuli. Suamavlis megobarTagan abdullah ibni ummi meqTumi mxedvelobaSezRuduli iyo. rodesac Suamavali medinadan gadioda medinas marTvas mas avalebda. Suamavlis nacvlobaze didi movaleoba gana ra SeiZleboda yofiliyo?

yvela adamians aqvs ufleba isargeblos sazogadoebrivi sikeTiT, miiRos ganaTleba da SeZlebisdagvarad ganviTardes, rac SemdgomSi misi SesaZleblobebis mixedviT dasaqmebas uzrunvelyofs. saamiso pirobebis Seqmna ki Cveni rogorc adamianuri, ise religiuri valdebulebaa. Suamavali yovelTvis mouwodebda muslimebs, rom erTmaneTs mxarSi dadgomodnen da Semwynarebelni yofiliyvnen.

cxovreba iseTia, rom zogjer simSvide, sijansaRe da bednierebaa irgvliv, xolo zogjer ki- ubedureba, avadmyofoba, dainvalideba da msgavsi arasasurveli movlenebic xdeba, Tumca Tavs gadaxdenili ubedurebis mimarT momTmenni unda viyoT da mkrexeluri formebiT ar unda gavaprotestoT. ar und dagvaviwydes, rom ubedureba, avadmyofoba da problemebi warsuli codvebis gamosasyidi da samomavlo jildos momaswavebelia.

xeebis siyvaruli
yuransa da sunaSi

docent doqtori bahaTTin darTma

diadma RmerTma jer samyaro gaaCina da sacxovreblad xelsayreli pirobebi Seqmna, xolo amis Semdeg gaaCina adamiani. RmerTma yvelaferi adamianisTvis gaaCina, raTa man yvela am sikeTiT isargeblos. adamianis sarCod gaCenilTagan erT-erTi mniSvnelovani wyaloba xeebi, anu mcenareuli safaria. wignis am nawilSi xeebis da tyis mniSvnelobaze visaubrebT. yvelam viciT, rom tye raoden didi resursi da sasargeblo ramaa. mcenareebi gamoimuSeveben sicocxlisTvis umniSvnelovanes Jangbads da STanTqaven naxSirorJangs. mcenareebi qmnian niadagis fenas da icaven mas. isini inarCuneben wyaroebs, gvaZleven SeSas, samSeneblo masalas da sxva.

tyis simdidre marTlac aRuwerelia da amis CamoTvlas aRar SevudgebiT. aq yuransa da sunas mixedviT tyis mniSvnelobaze visaubrebT.

yuranis da sunas mixedviT xeebs da mwvane safars didi mniSvneloba eniWeba. yuranSi zogi xilis saxelebia naxsenebi. (ix. bayara 61, 266, enam 99, 141, rad 4, nahl 11, 67, muminun19, iasin, 34 da sxv.)

warmogidgenT ramodenime aiaTs, sadac mcenareebia naxsenebi:

„gana ver xedaven, rom gadavsxamT wyals mSrali miwisken da misi meSveobiT amogvyavs naTesebi, romliTac sazrdooben Tavad da maTi saqonelic? nuTu arRa dainaxaven?“ (sejde 27)

„nuTu ver xedav, rogor gardmoavlens allahi zecidan wyals, romlis meSveobiT Cven aRmovacenebT sxvadasxva feris nayofs. mTebSic aris bilikebi sxvadasxvagvari: TeTri, wiTeli da sruliad Savi.“ (faTir 27)

„da movavlineT Rrublebidan wyali (wvima) morakrake,

raTa aRmovacenoT misiT (wvimiT) marcvali (Tesli) da mcenareebi,

da baRebi Seburulni!“ (nebe 14-16)

cxadia yuranSi mcenareebs didi mniSvneloba eniWeba. aseve cnobilia Suamavlis hadisebic, sadac mcenareebis mniSvnelobazea yuradReba gamaxvilebuli. Suamavali xeebis moWras krZalavda, xolo xeebis dargvas did madlad da sasargeblo saqmed miiCnevda. erT-erTi cnobili hadisis mixedviT Suamavali brZanebs, rom adamians warRvnis drosac ki xelSi nergi rom hqondes da dargvis saSualeba mieces, is unda dargos.

RmerTis Suamavali brZanebs, rom ufro meti madlia nayofis momcemi xeebi davrgoT, radgan maTi nayofiT sxva cocxali arsebebi gamoikvebebian.

„muslimi adamiani Tu nergs dargavs an marcvleuls daTesavs da maT nayofs gareuli cxoveli an frinveli an sxva romelime pirutyvi SeWams gankiTxvis dRemde misTvis mowyaleba iqneba.“

„vinc nayofis momcem xes dargavs, RmerTi imden madls uwyalobebs, ramden nayofsac es xe moisxams“.

Suamavalma, romelic mcenareebs did yuradRebas aqcevda, meqaSi, medinasa da taifSi garkveul teritoriebs nakrZalis statusi mianiWa. Suamavali brZanebda, rom RmerTma meqa samyaros gaCenis dRidanve nakrZalad daadgina da is warRvnamde nakrZalad darCeba. im teritoeriaze xeebis moWra da nadiris mokvla ar SeiZleba.

Suamavalma medinas garSemo, oTxive mxares 20 kilometriani teritoria nakrZalad gamoacxada. aq xeebis moWra an maTi foTlebis Camoyra ar SeiZleboda. mxolod aqlemis sakvebad iyo nebadarTuli, isic saWiro minimaluri raodenobiT.

Suamavali am damokidebulebas omis drosac ki inarCunebda. man werili miswera usames sardlobiT SamSi salaSqrod wasul jars, romelic ver gagzavnes, radgan amasobaSi Suamavali gardaicvala. werilSi ewera:

„...zRvars ar gadaxvideT. bavSvebi, moxucebi da qalebi ar moklaT. hurmis xeebi ar moWraT da ar dawvaT. nayofis momcem xeebs ar SeexoT. cxvari, Txa, aqlemi da msgavsi pirutyvi sakvebis garda sxva mizniT ar daklaT...“

es praqtika Suamavlis gardacvalebis Semdegac gagrZelda da kanonis damrRvevbs jarimis gadaxdiT sjidnen.

gueri wers: „SexvdebiT iseT muslimebsac, romlebic sikeTesa da qvelmoqmedebaSi imdenad win wavidnen, rom unayofo mcenareebis morwyvisaTvis fuls ixdian, raTa isini gvalvis dros ar gaxmes“.

gamomdinare aqedan, Cveni sarwmunoeba mcenareebs udides mniSvnelobas aniWebs, magram dRevandeli mdgomareoba, romelic Cvens irgvlivaa, samwuxarod damakmayofilebeli ar aris. cnibilia, rom Samidan meqaSi mimavali vinme qalbatoni gzad sakvebis siduxWires ar ganicdida da mTeli gzis ganmavlobaSi gzad arsebuli xilis nayofiTa da wyaroebiT ikvebeboda. samwuxarod dRevandeli suraTi absoluturad gansaxvavebulia. am teritoriaze tye TiTqmis ar arsebobs.

daskvnis saxiT SegviZlia vTqvaT, rom islami mcenareebs da zogadad mwvane safars yvela sxva religiaze met mniSvnelobas aniWebs. am midgomis mizezi bunebrivi wonasworobis dacvaa. yuranisa da sunas mowodebebs Tu davicavT dedamiwaze arsebuli bunebrivi wonasworoba ar dairRveva. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi dedamiwa, romelic idealuri saxiTaa gaCenili imdenad Seicvleba, rom sacxovreblad SeuZlebeli gaxdeba. aRniSnuli sakiTxis mniSvnelobac aqedan gamomdinareobs. amitom, yuransa da sunaSi mocemuli rCevebi da mowodebebi namdvilad didi mniSvnelobis matarebelia.

msoflios momavali Cvens xelTaa

leila erdoRan
globaluri daTboba,
dabinZurebuli wylebi.
gauazreblad gadayrili nagaviT es dedamiwa SevaviwroveT.
Tumca, Tu yuradRebiT viqnebiT, raRacis gakeTeba kidev aris SesaZlebeli.

ra aris globaluri daTboba?

mze Cveni sicocxlis wyaroa.

mzisgan momdinare sxivebs atmosferoSi arsebuli gazebi saWiro raodenobiT inarCunebs, xolo danarCens ukan kosmosSi abrunebs, ris Sedegadac dedamiwa sicocxlisTvis xelsayreli adgili xdeba.

ra moxdeba Tu nebismieri mizeziT atmosferoSi arsebuli gazebis naerTebma cvlilebebi ganicada?

atmosferoSi arsebuli zomieri raodenobis gazis Rrubeli, romelic siTbos inarCunebs, Tu gaqreba an karbondioqsidis gazis raodenoba gaizrdeba, dedamiwaze temperatura cvlilebebs daiwyebs.

mzisgan momdinare gamosxivebis nawils dedamiwa iTvisebs.

mze dedamiwisken sinaTlesa da siTbos agzavnis.

mzisgan momdinare gamosxivebis nawili ukan, kosmosSi brundeba.

gamosxivebis nawili atmosferoSi arsebuli orTqlis, karbondioqsidis da sxva siTbos Semakavebeli gazebis mxridan Cerdeba, rac dedamiwaze zomieri siTbos SenarCunebas uzrunvelyofs.

Cven yvelani vxedavT, Tu rogor uecrad Seicvala amindis pirobebi. vxedavT, rom martis Tvis erT dRes SeiZleba zafxulis cxeli dRe vixiloT da meore dRes gaTovdes. es Cven normad migvaCnia. klimatSi aramarto moklevadiani, aramed grZelvadiani cvlilebebic SeiniSneba. Cveni mSoblebi da bebia- babuebi yvebian Tu rogori zamTari iyo maTi axalgazrdobis dros.

realoba isaa, rom atmosfero mzisgan momdinare gamosxivebis saWiro raodenobas ukan veRar abrunebs, rac balansis darRvevas iwvevs da Sedegad dedamiwaze meti siTbo aRwevs.

am uaryofiT movlenas erTi saerTo saxeli, globaluri daTboba hqvia.

1998 weli yvelaze cxel weliwadad Caiwera da am wels asobiT adamiani daiRupa.

garemos dacvis organizaciebis ganmartebiT 2050 wlisTvis saerTo temperaturis 8 gradusamde matebaa mosalodneli. aman mecnierebi SeaSfoTa da isini intensiur dakvirvebas awarmoeben myinvarebis dnobis tendenciaze.

rogor miviyvaneT dedamiwa aseT mdgomareobamde?

es procesi ZiriTadad industriuli revoluciis Semdeg daiwyo. industriuli revoluciis Semdeg msoflios mosaxleoba 650 procentiT gaizarda. 1800-ian wlebSi msoflios mosaxleoba 980 milions Seadgenda, xolo 2005 wels ukve 6.4 miliards miaRwia.

amdenad gazrdili mosaxleoba Sesabamisad gazrdili raodenobiT resursebsa da energias moixmars. magaliTad navTobs, qvanaxSirs da sxva.

polusebze arsebuli yinulis masebi, romlebic mtknari wylebis udides rezervuarebs warmoadgens, SesaZloa galRves da mtknari wyelis raodenobas seriozuli safrTxe daemuqros. garda amisa, am yinulis masebis dnoba zRvis donis mkveTrad awevas gamoiwvevs, rac did safrTxes Seuqmnis kunZulebsa da zRvis napirebSi gaSenebul qalaqebsa da dasaxlebebs.

aseve mosalodnelia xangrZlivi gvalvebi da am mxriv tendencia aSkarad SesamCnevia. dedamiwis garkveul nawilSi xangrZlivi da uCveulo gvalvebi fiqsirdeba, maSin, roca sxvagan aseve uCveulo Rvarcofebi da Warbi naleqia.

aseve daCqarebulia cxovelTa saxeobebis gadaSenebis dendenciac. klimatis moulodneli da radikaluri cvlileba cxovelTa da mcenareTa Seugueblobas da gadaSenebis safrTxes warmoqmnis. mecnierebi fiqroben, rom arsebuli mdgomareobis aseTnairad gagZelebis SemTxvevaSi, 2050 wlisaTvis, dReisaTvis dedamiwaze arsebuli cxovelTa da mcenareTa saxeobebis mesamedi ukve gadaSenebuli iqneba.

ra SeiZleba gavakeToT?

SegiZliaT saxlSi moxmarebuli energiis dazogviT daiwyoT.

iyideT iseTi teqnikuri mowyobilebebi da manqanebi, romlebic nakleb energias moixmars.

rodesac ar muSaobT kompiuteri gamorTeT, an Zilis reJimze gadaiyvaneT.

gamoiyeneT eko-naTurebi, radgan isini sakmaris Suqs iZleva da amasTanave samjer nakleb eleqtroenergias moixmars.

Zilis win televizori CamrTvelidan gamorTeT, radgan Rilakidan Camqrali televizori, romelic denis wyaroze mierTebulia garkveuli raodenobis el-energias mainc moixmars.

mobiluris damtenebsa da sxva msgavs mowyobilobebs nu datovebT mierTebuls;

eleqtro maduRarebi did energias moixmaren, amitom Tu mxolod erTi Wiqa wyali gWirdebaT, mxolod erTi Wiqa aaduReT, raTa swrafad aduRdes.

macivari saxlis yvelaze gril adgilas dadgiT, raTa mTeli datvirTviT muSaoba ar mouwios.

sarecxi manqaniT recxvisas SeecadeT nakleb temperaturaze garecxoT.

sarecxi gafineT da ise gaaSreT, nu gamoiyenebT saSrobebs.

saxlis temperatura dazogeT da Sesabamisad karebisa da fanjrebis mdgomareoba akontroleT, raTa tyuil-ubralod gaTboba ar dagWirdeT.

Zveli fanjrebi siTbos male kargavs, amitom sasurvelia fanjrebis mdgomareobas yuradReba miaqcioT.

dedamiwaze sufTa wylis maragi iwureba

Tu wyals yuradRebiT ar movixmarT, male uwylod darCena gviweria. dedamiwaze arsebuli wylis maragis 96.5 procenti mariliania, xolo danarCen 3.5 procents mtknari wyali Seadgens. mtknari wylis 75 procenti polusebzea, ase rom mxolod darCenili erTi procentia dasalevad vargisi.

cocxali arsebebis wylis saWiroebas mTeli wylis maragis 0.05 procenti warmoadgens.

amrigad, dedamiwaze arsebuli sasmeli wylis raodenoba Zalian mcirea da masac ganukiTxavad vxarjavT.

wyali uazrod ar unda movixmaroT.

magaliTad, kbilebis gaxexvisas onkani dakeTeT, radgan am ori wuTis ganmavlobaSi moSvebuli onkanidan saSualod 9 litri wyali iRvreba.

balkoni da karebi sasurvelia ise garecxoT, rom zedmeti wyali ar daixarjos.

baRis yvavilebi saRamos morwyeT.

gansakuTrebiT bevri wyalia saWiro xaliCebis garecxvisas. nu garecxavT xaliCebs ise, rom tonobiT wyali fuWad daRvaroT.

avtomobilic vedroSi momaragebuli wyliT garecxeT da ara kerxeriT.

sarecxi da WurWeli sasurvelia manqanebiT garecxoT. ase ufro naklebi wyali dagWirdebaT.

sarcxis saSualebebi da msgavsi produqtebi imaze naklebi doziT moixmareT, vidre instruqciaSia miTiTebuli. isini garemos gamousworebel zians ayeneben.

dedamiwa nagvis urnad ar unda vaqcioT

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mivaqcioT qaRaldis moxmarebas, radgan qaRaldis dazogviT Cven xeebs gadavarCenT.

sasurvelia gamoviyenoT SuSis WurWeli.

SuSa SeiZleba gadamuSavdes da is ise ar anagvianebs garemos, rogorc plastmasis da msgavsi nawarmi. SuSis WurWelSi Senaxuli produqti jansaRia da SuSisgan raime mavne zemoqedebas ar ganicdis.

plastmasis nivTebis bunebaSi gadayra warmoudgenel zians ayenebs garemos, radgan plastmasi saukuneebis manZilze Zlebs da garemos vnebs.

plastmasis sanTebela, kalami, erTjeradi saparsi da sxva msgavsi nivTebi male gamodis xmarebidan da rogorc wesi garemoSi xvdeba. sasurvelia saerTod ar movixmaroT an minimumamde SevamciroT maTi gamoyeneba.

marketSi an bazarSi raimis yidvisas celopnis magivrad alternatiuli, qaRaldis an sxva organuli warmoSobis parkebi gamoiyeneT. celopnis parkebis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi SeecadeT mravalgzis gamoiyenoT isini.

bavSvebis saTamaSoebis yidvisas SearCieT gamZle da xarisxiani. ubralo saTamaSo male fuWdeba da sanagveSi, xolo Semdeg garemoSi xvdeba.

nu gadayriT elementebs. SeagroveT isini da CaabareT. elementebi da msgavsi tipis mwyobridan gamosuli nivTebi garemosTvis did safrTxes warmoadgens.

ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom rac ufro naklebs movixmarT, miT naklebi nagavi dagrovdeba.

wyali sicocxlea

prof. doq. iunus vehbi iavuz

wyali sicocxles niSnavs. uwylod sicocxle warmoudgenelia. adamianebi, cxovelebi, mcenareebi, mokled yvela cocxali arseba wyals saWiroebs. yvelaferi misganaa gaCenili. bunebrivia wylis Sesaxeb yuranSicaa aubari:

„nuTu ver dainaxes, romelTac uaryves, rom cani da miwa erTiani iyo, Semdeg Cven erTmaneTisgan gavyaviT, da gavaCineT yvela sulieri wylidan. nuTu mainc ar irwmuneben?“ (enbia 30)

diadi RmerTi brZanebs, rom yvelaferi wylidan gaaCina. islamis samarTlebrivi damokidebulebac am mxriv gansakuTrebulia da wyals didi yuradReba eTmoba.

raodenac yvela cocxali arseba wylisganaa gaCenili, imdenad maTi sicocxlisaTvis wyali aucilebelia. uwylod sicocxle ubralod ar iarsebebda. navTobi rom amoiwuros sicocxle gagrZeldeba, magram wyali rom amoiwuros sicocxle dasruldeba. yurani aRwers wylis mniSvnelobas da adamianebs rwmenisken mouwodebs.

RmerTis mier naboZebi esoden mniSvnelovani wyaloba, rasac wyali hqvia, samwuxarod isev adamianebis xeliT ziandeba da ganadgurebis pirasaa. wyals Tavad adamiani abinZurebs. islamSi Wama da sma nebadarTulia, magram am mxriv gadaWarbeba aramia. wyali yvelaze mniSvnelovani resursia, amitom mis mimarT ukiduresad faqizi damokidebulebaa saWiro. Cveni qveyana wyliT mdidaria, magram wylis umetesoba tyulad miedineba. mTis wyaroebi namdvilad auwoneli simdidrea.

Cven aramarto uyairaTod movixmarT wyals, aramed vabinZurebT kidec. Cveni winaprebi wyaros rom miagnebdnen saTaves akeTebdnen da Raris saSualebiT gadmoadendnen, raTa adamiansac da cxovelsac daleva SesZlebodaT. es didi madli da sikeTe iyo. dRes, Cveni mdidari Tanamoqalaqeebic Tu amaze dafiqrdebian da sasmeli wylis nagebobebis mSeneblobas daafinanseben es Zalian sasargeblo qvelmoqmedeba iqneba.

Cven valdebulni varT gavufrTxildeT wyals da aseve gavafrTxiloT is adamianebi, romlebic wyals abinZureben an zedmetad uyairaTod iyeneben. Cveni es damokidebuleba da mcdeloba Sedegs gamoiRebs da garemosa da wylis resursebze dadebiTad aisaxeba.

Cven, adamianebma didi usamarTloba CavidineT da atmosferos ziani mivayeneT. droa adamianma moinanios es Secdoma da garemos mimarT gulgrili damokidebuleba Secvalos.

Cven ar viciT ramdenad gamovasworebT warsulis Secdomebs, magram arsebuli mdgomareobis SenarCuneba da ufro gauaresebisgan TavSekaveba namdvilad SegviZlia. garemos mimarT gulgriloba da upasuxismgeblo damokidebuleba, rac mis dabinZurebas iwvevs momavlis winaSe Cadenili danaSaulia. amitom, TiToeulma Cvenganma es unda gaviazroT da Cven Cveni gasakeTebeli gavakeToT. am mimarTulebiT yvelaze mniSvnelovani nabijebi im qveynebma unda gadadgan, romlebic garemos yvelaze did zians ayeneben.droa kacobrioba gamofxizldes.