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საერთაშორისო საქველმოქმედო ფონდი muslim-georgia

ბეჭდვითი მონიტორინგი
დოქ. ფატიჰ ქურთი

კოორდინატორი
ლოქმან არსლანი

გამოცემისთვის მოამზადა
უღურ ალთინთოფი

ნაწარმოების განმხილველი კომისიის გადაწყვეტილება: 20.02.2019/20

ISBN: 978-605-7519-43-6
2019-06-Y-0003-1587
სერთიფიკატის ნო: 12930
1. გამოცემა, ანკარა 2019

გამოცემა
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sarwmunoeba,

anarqia da terori

dr. iaSar iRiT

თურქეთის რესპუბლიკის რელიგიის საქმეთა სამმართველო

winasityvaoba

adamiani sazogadoebis nawilia. erTian sivrceSi mcxovrebi adamianebi valdebulni arian icodnen individis uflebeba- movaleobebi da pasuxismgeblobis grZnobiT unda moqmedebdnen, raTa adamianTa Soris mSvidoba da bedniereba iqnas uzrunvelyofili. pasuxismgeblobis Segneba pirovnebam, upirveles yovlisa sakuTariT unda daiwyos. piradi pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba visac gaaCnia, man ojaxisa da sazogadoebis winaSe arsebuli pasuxismgeblobac icis da dakisrebul movaleobasac asrulebs.

„nuTu egona adamians, rom upasuxismgeblod iqneboda mitovebuli?“

sura yiameTis 36-e aiaTi migviTiTebs, rom adamiani pasuxismgeblobis matarebeli arsebaa.

„mere im dRes, aucileblad mogekiTxebaT, rac geboZaT!“

sura Teqasuris me-8 aiaTi ki gviCvenebs, rom adamians, upirveles yovlisa goneba da sxva mravali wyaloba eboZa da amis sapasuxod, garkveuli valdebulebebi daekisra, romelic SeZlebidagvarad unda Seasrulos.

sazogadoebis simSvides, umTavresad gaurkvevloba arRvevs, yvelas gvekisreba pasuxismgebloba, raTa adamianis RirsebisTvis Sesaferisi momavali SeviqmnaT. cxadia, rom dRes Cvens sazogadoebaSi mravali gaurkveveli sakiTxi arsebobs.

dReisaTvis msoflio sazogadoebis momavals mravali safrTxe emuqreba. esenia: SimSli, siRaribe, garemos dabinZureba, bunebrivi katastrofebi, socialuri uTanasworoba, araTanabari pirobebi, zneobrivi dacemuloba, sulieri simdable, materialuri midrekilebebi, urwmunoeba, boroteba, arasakmarisad jansaRi garemo, gaurkvevloba ganaTlebisa da samarTlianobis sferoSi, istoriuli da kulturuli Rirebulebebis ganadgureba da sxva. garda amisa, am yvelafers emateba adamianebs Soris dialogis. tolerantobisa da Semwynareblobis Semcireba, gansxvavebuli azris devna da terori.

yvela es sakiTxi ara konkretuli regionis an erisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli, aramed mTeli msoflios mosaxleoba raRac formiT, gaurkvevlobaSia Cafluli. am sakiTxebis mosagvarevlad ki xalxebs Soris urTierTobis gaRrmaveba da saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis qmediTi miRwevebis Ziebaa saWiro.

sinamdvileSi, umTavresi aris is, rom Cvens xelT arsebul Rirebulebebs ver vamCnevT da Sesabamisad am RirebulebebiT ar vcxovrobT. gamomdinare aqedan, jer es Rirebulebebi unda aRmovaCinoT da yoveldRiurobaSi davnergoT. ueWvelia, rom CvenTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani Rirebuleba islamia, romelic ramdenime aTeuli saukunis ganmavlobaSi, kacobriobas gzas unaTebs.

dRes, adamianis SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebis mizniT SemuSavebuli, fsiqoTerapiis meTodebis qmediTunarianobisaTvis, ekologiuri problemebis, narkomaniis winaaRmdeg brZolis da sxva msgavsi gamowvevebis winaaRmdeg religiis mniSvneloba aSkaraa. islams gaaCnia saimiso SesaZlebloba, rom Tanamedrove gamowvevebs upasuxos. mas aqvs saimiso dinamika, raTa Tanamedrove msoflios axali formulirebebi SesTavazos.

am TvalsazrisiT Cveni sarwmunoebis mier gadmocemuli brZanebebi da rCevebi, romlebic urTierTdaxmarebisa da tolerantobis principebis damkvidrebas uwyobs xels, yurad unda viRoT da adamianebs Soris arsebuli ufleba-movaleobebi kargad gaviazroT da cxovrebis Wiri da lxini erTad vzidoT. Cveni cxovrebis stili socialuri urTierTTanadgoma unda iyos da bednieri momavlisTvis yvelam erTad vibrZoloT.

Sesavali

dedamiwaze, sadac bunebrivi resursebis efeqturi gamoyeneba xdeba, magram ekonomukuri resursebi araTanabrad nawildeba da keTildReobis xvedriTi wilis gadanawileba samarTlianobis SegrZnebas aryevs, amitom kacobrioba mTeli Tavisi istoriis manZilze yvelaze metad, iqneba, swored axla saWiroebs mSvidobas. adamians ki qiSpoba da urTierTSuRli TiTqos genebSi Causaxlda da am, teqnologiis Sedegad dapataravebul samyaroSi moeqca

omebi, romlebmac msoflio SeZra...

anarqia da terori...

usamarTlod daRupuli adamianebi...

Camqrali ojaxebi...

oblad darCenili umweo bavSvebi...

terors Sewiruli qalebi da moxucebi...

11 seqtembris teraqtis Semdeg kulturuli da religiuri xasiaTs sakiTxebi wamovida wina planze. manamde ki aqtualuri iyo iseTi Temebi, rogoricaa ekologiuri wonasworobis darRveva, garemos dabinZureba, iZulebiT gadaadgilebulTa problemebi, siRaribe, SimSili, Sidsi da sxva, am Tavdasxmis Semdeg zogadad islamze da kerZod muslimebze gamaxvilda yuradReba da islamsa da terorizms Soris kavSiris arsebobaze daiwyes saubari. xSirad saubroben imaze, rom muslimebs Soris radikalizmi ufro fexmokidebuli movlenaa. 11 seqtembris Semdeg procesSi myofi da isedac farTod gavrcelebuli islamofobia yvelaze ufro masStaburi gaxda. xolo muslimebis winaaRmdeg warmoebuli zewola, maTi dadanaSauleba, Camoyalibebuli uaryofiTi azri da SiSi adamianTa cnobierebaSi ganTavsda.

Cvens epoqaSi jer kidev sakmarisad ar aris gagebuli Tu ra rolis TamaSi SeuZlia CvenTvis memkvidreobiT miRebul religiur Rirebulebebs im uzarmazari problemebis gadawyvetaSi, rac kacobriobas emuqreba. RvTismosaobis pirovnuli gageba da eWvebi, an Cvens mexsierebaSi arsebuli cudi magaliTebi da borotad gamoyenebis faqtebi, ideologiuri da politikuri proeqtebis, sarwmunoebasTan interesebis da mimarTulebis Tanxvedra, aRniSnul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT damoukidebel azrovnebas da socialur Tanxmobas garkveulwilad xels uSlis. arada mravalgzisaa aRniSnuli, rom am problemebis winaSe kacobrioba da sarwmunoeba erTad dgas.

religia miznad isaxavs adamianis rogorc amqveyniur, ise imqveyniur gadarCenas, gamCenis Secnobas, garemosTan mSvidobian Tanacxovrebas da zogadad adamianis bednierebis uzrunvelyofas. am miznis ganxorcielebisaTvis ki adamianebis mxolod rwmenisa da RvTismsaxurebisken warmarTva ar aris sakmarisi. religia amasTan erTad gvaswavlis, rom samarTlianoba, patiosneba, sxvaTa mimarT pativiscema, urTierTdaxmareba, yovelgvari borotebisgan Sors dgoma, rasac sakuTari TavisTvis visurvebT imis morwmune ZmisTvisac survili, moyvasis siyvaruli da msgavsi ZiriTadi saTnoebis gamomxatveli Tvisebebi wina planze unda iqnas wamoweuli. garda amisa, religiis mizania, agreTve, adamianis bunebaSi arsebuli uaryofiTi midrekilebebis, rogorebicaa sisxlisRvra, egoizmi, usamarTloba, Zalmomreoba da sxva, ganeitraleba da adamianis ufro keTilSobil arsebad gadaqceva.

adamianTa cnobierebasa da cxovrebaSi warmoSobili Zaladobis Semcveli qcevebisTvis religiuri gamarTlebis Ziebis mcdeloba, mimdinare uaryofiTi movlenebis religiasTan dakavSreba, zedmeti ganzogadeba da msgavsi midgomebi aramarto mcdaria, aramed aragonivrulicaa.

sinamdvile esaa, rom islami, romlis safuZvelic mSvidobasa da sandoobazea damyarebili da sxva religiebi, miuxedavad maT Soris garkveuli sxvadasxvaobisa, kacobriobis gadarCenas da bednierebas da amasTanave individualur da sazogadoebriv simSvides isaxavs miznad. yvela Suamavali adamianebs mSvidobisa da Zmobisaken, samarTlinobisa da patiosnebisken mouwodebdnen. sarwmunoebis ganmartebac xom amasve gamoxatavs:

„sarwmunoeba aris RvTiuri kanonebis krebuli, romelic adamianebs amqveynad mSvidobas, xolo saiqioSi gadarCenas daumkvidrebs“.

rogorc ganmartebidan Cans sarwmunoebis interesis sagani adamianis amqveyniuri bedniereba da imqveyniuri cxonebaa, am TvalsazrisiT, gansakuTrebiT, universalur sarwmunoebebSi gadmocemul ZiriTad gzavnilebSi gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba iseT Rirebulebebs, rogoricaa mSvidoba, Zmoba, Semwynarebloba, urTerTpativiscema da sxva. RmerTi didad mowyale da mwyalobelia. amitom Semwynareblobas da mitevebas, sarwmunoebaSi umniSvnelovanesi adgili uWiravs.

warsulSic da axlac aris mravali uaryofiTi movlena, romelic religiuri gansxvavebulobiT sazrdoobs, magram es yvelaferi momdinareobs ara religiis arsisgan, aramed im adamianebisgan, romlebic am religias warmoadgenen. rogorc warsulSi, ise axlac kacobriobis bednierebisTvis dadgenili RvTiuri principebi uxeSad irRveva da amis mizezi politikuri da ekomonikuri faqtorebia. msoflios mraval kuTxeSi politikuri da ekonomikuri sargeblis gulisTvis mSvidoba irRveva da konfliqtis kera Cndeba. roca mdgomareoba aseTia, adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, rwmenis Tavisufleba, mSvidobiani Tanacxovreba, sxvaTa mimarT pativiscema, dialogi da Semwynarebloba is Rirebulebebia, romlebic unda davicvaT da am TvalsazrisiT, mSvidobis winaaRmdeg mebrZol, adamianis ZiriTadi uflebebis damrRvev da Zaladobisa da teroris mTesveli adamianebis winaaRmdeg umoqmedod yofna swori midgoma ar aris.

gamomdinare aqedan, saWiroa Cven yvelam davirazmoT da mTeli pasuxismgeblobis SegrZnebiT SevecadoT win aRvudgeT terors da Zalmomreobas, romlebic materialur da sulier Rirebulebebs gvinadgurebs da amas urTierTgagebis, jansaRi komunikaciis, dialogis, Semwynareblobis da msgavsi mimarTlebebis xelSewyobis wyalobiT mivaRwevT.

anarqia da terori

terori SiSis gavrcelebas, Tavdasxmas, mkvlelobas, daWras, muqaris gziT sicocxlis, qonebisa da msgavsi Rirebulebebis safrTxeSi Cagdebas, usafrTxoebis mospobas niSnavs. anarqia ki sazogadoebrivi wesrigis srul moSlas da qaosis damkvidrebas gulisxmobs.

anarqiis dros kanonis moqmedeba da misi uzenaesoba uqmdeba. ar aris avtoriteti. moqmedebebi kanonier farglebs scildeba da sazogadoebaSi sruli areuloba isadgurebs.

anarqia aris individisa da sazogadoebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli damazianebeli movlena, romelic uimedobas da sasowarkveTas Tesavs. is yovelgvari silamazis winaaRmdegia. is ebrZvis yovelgvar Rirebulebebs da spobs ekonomikas. anarqiis dros mniSvnelovnad iryeva individualuri, sazogadoebrivi da socialuri harmonia. es aris ubedureba, romlis drosac nebismieri fenis adamiani ukiduresad zaraldeba.

teroris warmoqmnas safuZvels anarqia umzadebs. amdenad anarqia gansxvavebulia terorisgan, magram maT Soris mWidro kavSiria.

religiis, teroris da Zaladobis urTierTkavSiri

religiis mixedviT adamianisa da misi ZiriTadi Rirebulebebis dacva, religiis upirvelesi mizania. am TvalsazrisiT adamianis sicocxlis ufleba, qoneba, morali, ojaxi da msgavsi Rirebulebebi yvela religiur sistemaSi xelSeuxebelia. es uflebebi islamis literaturaSi „sarwmunoebis aucileblobad“ aris wodebuli. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, es fundamenturi uflebebi sarwmunoebis ualternativo Rirebulebebia.

dedamiwaze sacxovreblad xelsayreli pirobebis Seqmna, saaqaoSic da saiqioSic simSvidis da bednierebis mopoveba, sarwmunoebis ZiriTad miznebs Soris, erT-erTia. amitomaa, rom adamianis da misi uflebebis winaaRmdeg warmoebuli nebismieri qmedebis mimarT garkveuli prevenciuli zomebia miRebuli.

dRevandeli gadasaxedidan, roca adamianis fundamenturi uflebebis uxeS darRvevis uamravi magaliTebis Sesaxeb vgebulobT, ufro ukeT vxvdebiT, Tu ratom mianiWa Cvenma sarwmunoebam am uflebebs esoden didi mniSvneloba da ratomaa am uflebebis dacva erT-erTi mTavari mizani.

mokled rom vTqvaT, sarwmunoeba da misi macocxlebeli gzavnilebi individebsa da sazogadoebas sicocxles sZens. anarqia da terori ki sikvdils, ngrevas, ubedurebas da msgavs movlenebs iwvevs da es yvelaferi dedamiwas sicocxlisaTvis araxelsayrel planetad gadaaqcevs. anarqia da terori Zalisxmevas ar iSurebs, rom gavrceldes da sabolood damkvidrdes dedamiwaze.

dRes, roca anarqiis da teroris msgavsi araadamianuri qmedebebi mTeli Tavisi saSinelebebiT saxezea da ufro metic, zogierTi teroristuli qmedebis garkveul siwmindeze damyarebas cdiloben, unda gavigoT, rom movida dro rogorc adamianebma sakuTari Tavis gankiTxva movawyoT da isic unda gaviazroT, rom es dro midis.

msoflios bevr adgilas, sisxlisRvra, cremli, wameba, Zaladoba, terori, imdenad yoveldRiurobad iqca, rom es mdgomareoba lamisaa cxovrebiseul molenad miviCnioT .

kacobriobas saukunovani kulturis memkvidreoba da gamocdileba gaaCnia. es Seuferebeli suraTi, romelic dRevandel sinamdviles asaxavs kacobriobisaTvis Seuferebelia. daxocili bavSvebi, wamebisTvis ganwiruli mSoblebi, cremli da ubedureba yvelas Seexeba da yvelaze uaryofiTad moqmedebs. mniSvneloba ar aqvs morwmune iqneba Tu urwmuno, raime siwmindis sjera Tu ara. ueWvelia, rom am savalalo suraTis avtori terorizmis mxardamWerebTan erTad is upasuxismgebloba, ugulisyuroba, ganxeTqileba da urTierTTanagrZnobis moSlaa, romelic zogadad gvaxasiaTebs. mniSvneloba ar aqvs vin iqneba terorizmis obieqti. is yvelam unda dagmos.

sinamdvileSi Zaladoba, boroteba, anarqia da terori garkveuli TvalsazrisiT warsulidan momdinare procesia. „sxvisi“ arsebobis autanloba kacobriobis daarsebidan modis. pirveli adamianis - wm. adamis Svilebs Soris momxdari cnobili ambavi, Zaladobis da mkvlelobis xandazmulobis Sesaxeb garkveul warmodgenas gviqmnis. am movlenasTan dakavSrebiT yuranSi gadmocemula Semdegi:

1 „da WeSmaritad, waukiTxe Sen magaT ambavi adamis ori vaJisa. odesRac, msxverpli Sewires orivem da Sewynarebul iqmna erTisagan da ar iqna Sewynarebuli meorisagan, da Tqva man: „me mogklav Sen usaTuod!“ upasuxa: „allahi mxolod RvTismoSiSTagan Seiwynarebs.

2 vficav, Tu Sen mosaklavad aRmarTav xels Cemze, me ar aRvmarTav xels Sens mosaklavad. ueWvelad, me meSinia allahisa, samyaroTa RmerTis,“ (maide 27-28)

am or aiaTSi, sadac wm. adamis ori Svilis cxovrebis erTi epizodia aRwerili, wm. adamis erT-erTi Svili abeli adamians Tavisi gaCenis arsis Sesabamisad Zvirfas da pativsacem arsebad miiCnevs da naTlad gamoxatavs, rom RvTiT boZebuli sicocxlis mospoba, mxolod RmerTis ZaluZs. gamodis rom im dros abeli teroris da Zaladobis erTgvari gamovlinebis winaaRmdegi iyo da am magaliTiT namdvili adamianobis gamocda warmatebiT Caabara. amis sapirispirod ki kaenma Zaladobis gza airCia da sakuTari Zmis sisxli daRvara. Sesabamisad, swored is gaxda Zaladobis, adamianis sicocxlis gametebis da sxva msgavsi borotebis pirveli magaliTi. saboloo jamSi, sikeTis da adamianobis gamocda abelma warmatebiT gaiara, xolo kaeni,damarcxda.

aRniSnuli movlena gansakuTrebiT damafiqrebelia im TvalsazrisiTac, rom im dros politikuri, ekonomikuri da sxva msgavsi sferoebi, bunebrivia, iseTi daZabuli konkurenciiT ar gamoiCeoda rogoric dRes aris. adamianis gaCenis mizans da arss Tu davakvirdebiT, yuranidan erTi magaliTis gaxseneba mogviwevs, romelic samyaros Semoqmedsa da angelozebs Soris dialogs warmoadgens:

„aki, uTxra ufalma Senma angelozebs: xalifa (nacvali) unda davadgino dedamiwaze. angelozebma upasuxes: vinc ukeTurobas dasTess da sisxls daRvris, iseTi qmnileba unda daadgino? roca Cven gamudmebiT gadidebT, Tayvans gcemT da siwmindes vaRiarebT Sensas?! brZana (allahma): vici me, rac ar iciT Tqven!“ (bayara 30)

aq warmodgenili dialogi adamianis daxasiaTebis TvalsazrisiT mniSvnelovani movlenaa. adamiani, es aris erTis mxriv pasuxismgeblobis matarebeli, „xalifa“, romelsac garkveuli misia ergo da meores mxriv moZalade da sisxlismRvreli.

adamians aqvs potenciali, saimiso unari, rom aRiaros samyaros Semoqmedi, misi erTaderToba da unikaluroba daijeros da RmerTis mier boZebuli uTvalavi sikeTis gamo mas madliereba Seswiros. es mis dadebiT midrekilebebs ganaviTarebs da „gaangelozebis“ procesi warmoiqmneba da adamiani mis realur misias Seasrulebs, magram Tu am yvelafers ar mieca gasaqani, am yvelafris adgils Zaladoba, mtroba da msgavsi ubedurebebi daikavebs. yuranSi RmerTi brZanebs:

1 „ueWvelad, Cven adamiani „saukeTeso formad“ gavaCineT!

2 mere ki vaqcieT igi umdables safexurze!“ (Tin 4-5)

es aiaTi adamianis orsaxovani bunebis ganmartebisaTvis sakmaod mniSvnelovania. rogorc gamCeni brZanebs adamiani dedamiwis „xalifadaa“ movlenili da mas yvela dadebiTi Tviseba ergo, magram meores mxriv codvis, borotebisa da ampartavnebis gamo adamiani am dadebiT Tvisebebs kargavs.

sazogadoebaSi gavrcelebuli areuloba da sisxlisRvra anarqiis da teroris yvelaze naTeli Sedegia. rodesac sazogadoebaSi morwmuneoba, Tayvaniscema da madlierebis grZnobaa fexmokidebuli anarqiis da teroris SesaZlo albaToba mniSvnelovnad iklebs. arc is unda dagvaviwydes, rom racarunda forma da Sinaarsi Seicvalos terorma, Zaladobam, borotebam da adamianis uflebebis xelyofam, maTi sxvadasxva versiebi mainc warsulidan momdinareobs. sinamdvileSi, kacobriobas terori da Zaladoba arasodes miuRia, rogorc dadebiTi da misaRebi movlena, magram amis miuxedavad, kacobrioba am Savi laqisgan ver gaTavisuflda.

samwuxarod, isic unda aRiniSnos, rom teroris, anarqiis, wamebisa da araadaminuri mopyrobis msxverpli mxare, Tavisi eTnikuri, politikuri, an religiuri kuTvnilebis gaTvaliswinebiT dro da dro mxardaWeras ver grZnoben.

kacobriobis istoriis manZilze wamebasa da ZaladobaSi mxilebuli adamiani, ganurCevlad misi religiuri, eTnikuri Tu sxva kuTvnilebisa, civilizebuli samyaros da ubralod saRad moazrovne adamianTa mxridan mxardaWerili ar yofila. xolo is adamianebi, romlebic sikeTis, siyvarulis da gulmowyalebis simbolod iqcnen, miuxedavad maTi religuri, eTnikuri an sxvagvari kuTvnilebisa, isini sayovelTao siyvaruls da pativiscemas imsaxurebdnen.

anarqia da terori Tavisi warmoqmnis mizezebis TvalsazrisiT mravalmxrivi da qaosuri agebulebisaa. amitom, anarqiisa da teroris mxolod religiasTan dakaSireba da misi am WrilSi ganxilva araswori iqneba. cxadia, rom anarqiisa da teroris ukan religiurad gadacdomili rwmenebis da motivaciebs garda arsebobs fsiqologiuri, politikuri, ekonomikuri da sxva msgavsi faqtorebi.

anarqia da terori RvTiur gzavnilebs ar Seesabameba, radgan RvTiur gzavnilebSi Semwynareblobaa mTavari.

sarwmunoebis ZiriTadi arsi Semwynareblobaa. anarqiis da teroris arsi ki Seuwynarebloba, Zaladoba, sisxlisRvra, mkvleloba da sxva msgavsi movlenebia. gamomdinare aqedan, anarqiisa da teroris wyaros Ziebisas religiurobis da Rrmad morwmunoebis magivrad ufro upriani iqneba urwmunoebasa da rwmenis araswor gagebaSi veZioT. islamSi da sxva zeciur religiebSi terorizmis adgili ar arsebobs. piriqiT, yvela is qmedeba, rasac dRes terorizms eZaxian, islamis mixedviT didi codva da danaSaulia, amitom yoveli muslimis valdebulebaa win aRudges amgvar qmedebebs da dedamiwaze mSvidobisa da samarTlianobis damkvidrebisTvis izrunos.

pirovnul Tavisuflebaze mniSvnelobis miniWebis gageba da zogadad Semwynarebluri azrovneba, am mxriv warmatebis gzaze, metwilad mniSvnelovan rols iTamaSebs. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, Tavisufleba da wesrigi warmatebis mTavari gasaRebia.

Tumca arc is unda dagvaviwydes, rom materialuri keTildReoba da warmateba sulieri Tanadgomis gareSe garkveul sicarieles warmoSobs da es sicariele sazogadoebaSi problemebs aCens.

sazogadoebrivi wesrigis legitimuri safuZvlebis da Rirebulebebis arafrad Cagdeba anarqias iwvevs. islami, rac ar unda iyos, anarqias, aranairi formiT ar gaamarTlebs, radgan adamianis da samyaros mimarT siyvaruli da pativiscema, islamis mixedviT, yvela danarCen materialur Rirebulebaze maRla dgas. gamomdinare aqedan, islami, nebismieri problemis gadaWrisas anarqias da misgan gamomdinare Zalismier meTodebs arc legitimacias miscems da arc misaRebad CaTvlis.

samyaros Semoqmedma kacobriobas gadarCenis ukanaskneli receptis saxiT islami gamouwera da islami mSvidobis, Zmobisa da bednierebis sarwmunoebaa. islami arasodes da aranairi formiT anarqias da terors legitimacias ar miscems da kategoriulad krZalavs mas. am dros mniSvneloba ar aqvs Zaladobis msxverplis raime saxis kuTvnilebas.

islamis es cnobili principi yuranSi Semdegnairadaa warmodgenili:

„amisTvis davuwereT israilis SvilT, rom vinc mohklas adamiani ara adamianis wil da ara qveyanaze ukeTurobis gasawmendad, TiTqosda mTeli xalxi amoewyvitos. da vinc adamians sicocxles SeunarCunebs, TiTqosda mTeli xalxisTvis SeenarCunebinos sicocxle. vficav! Cveni Suamavalni ukve iyvnen maTTan misulni cxadi mtkicebaniT , magram amis Semdgomac, ueWvelad, bevri imaTgani mainc ganagrZobda dedamiwaze zRvargadasulobas .“ (maide 32)

aiaTSi naTlad Cans, rom adamianis sicocxle, miuxedavad misi religiuri, politikuri Tu eTnikuri kuTvnilebisa, wminda da xelSeuxebelia. udavoa, rom muslimebis qcevebs da adamianebTan mopyrobas es da sxva msgavsi RvTiuri gzavnilebi ganapirobebs. muslimebis qcevebis amgvari Camoyalibebis visac sjera, misTvis es yvelaferi rwmeniseuli valdebulebaa. garda wminda wignisa, msgavsi gzavnilebi Suamavlis hadisebSicaa gadmocemuli da am hadisebis gavlena morwmuneTa qcevebze aSkara da udavoa.

wm. Suamavali im adamianebis ubadlo misabaZi magaliTia, romlebic adamianuri da moraluri TvalsazrisiT da RvTismosaobis kuTxiT islamze arian damokidebulni. Suamavali ki mudmivad mimteveblobas, Semwynareblobas, simarTlis siwmindes da samarTlianobas qadagebda. misi swavlebis mixedviT araTu adamianis, aramed cxovelis wvaleba da mokvdineba akrZalulia Tu es legitimur aucileblobas ar warmoadgens. Semdegi hadisi, romelsac axla warmogidgenT, aRniSnul sakiTxs Seesabameba.

„usamarTlod erTi beRurac rom moklaT, gankiTxvis dRes RmerTi pasuxs gagebinebT“.

erTi SexedviT ubralo arsebis, beRuris usamarTlod mokvdineba RvTiuri gankiTxvis mizezi xdeba. aqedan gamomdinare ioli warmosadgenia Tu raoden daculia adamianis sicocxle da adamianis mokvdinebis SemTxvevaSi gankiTxva gacilebiT mkacri iqneba.

aranairi kuTvnileba anarqias da terors ar amarTlebs

islami muslimebs Soris Zaladobas kategoriulad krZalavs. Zaladoba aseve miuRebelia aramuslimTa mimarTac. islamis istoriaSi saamiso magaliTebi blomad moipoveba. muslimebi aramuslimi mosaxleobis mimarT Semwynareblobas iCendnen. amgvari tolerantuli garemos CamoyalibebisTvis saWiro elementebi, rogoricaa mSvidoba, religiis Tavisufleba da adamianis mimarT pativiscema, sworedac rom aiaTebsa da hadisebSi warmodgenilma gzavnilebma ganapiroba.

wm. Suamavali brZanebda: „RmerTisa da SuamavlisaTvis mier miRebuli aramuslmi mosaxleobis da islamur saxelmwifoSi droebiT viziT mcxovrebi aramuslimi xalxisgan rom romelime moklaT, amiT RmerTis fics daarRvevT. mkvleli ki amis gamo samoTxis sunsac ver igrZnobs. samoTxis suni ki 70 wlis savali manZilidanac igrZnoba.“

gamonaklisebs da pirovnul gadawyvetilebebze damyarebul uaryofiTi qcevebis magaliTebs Tu gamovaklebT, islamur saxelmwifoSi mcxovrebi aramuslimebi zogadad Semwynareblur garemoSi cxovrobdnen. amas adasturebs xalifa alis mier naTqvami sityvebi, romelic man aramuslimi mosaxleobis Sesaxeb Tqva: „jizias gadasaxadze Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi maTi qoneba da sicocxle igivea, rac Cveni qoneba da sicocxle.“ es Sefaseba sakmarisia saimisod, rom islamur saxelmwifoSi mcxovrebi aramuslimi mosaxleobisadmi midgomebi gaviazroT da sworad gavaanalizoT. amgvari samarTliani midgomebis wyaro ki, rogorc zeviT iqna aRniSnuli yurani da hadisebia.

yuranSi da hadisebSic xSiria mowodeba imis Taobaze, rom cocxali arsebebis mimarT saWiroa Semwynarebluri damokidebuleba da maTi siyvaruli da ra Tqma unda maTi uflebebis dacva. garda amisa, boroteba, siZulvili, mtroba, Zaladoba da msgavsi qmedebebi wminda wyaroebSi mudmivad dagmobilia. gana SesaZlebelia sarwmunoebam, romelsac msgavsi principebi aqvs safuZvlad, waaxalisos an raime formiT mxari dauWiros Zaladobas da terors? am kiTxvaze yvela adamiani, romelsac sindisi sufTa aqvs upasuxebs „ara“. arcerTi religia, romelsac RvTiuri sawyisebi da adamianuri ideologia gaaCnia, terorsa da Zaladobas ar gaamarTlebs. Tumca, samwuxarod, kacobriobis istoriaSi dafiqsirebuli Zaladobis umetesoba religiasa da ideologiasTan aris koncentrirebuli.

samwuxarod dResac ase xdeba. adamianebs swiraven religiis da ideologiis saxeliT, arada es religiebi sinamdvileSi Zaladobis kategoriuli winaaRmdegia. garda amisa, xSiria eTnikur kuTvnilebasa da gansxvavebul azrovnebaze damyarebuli Zaladobis gamovlinebis faqtebic.

islamis mixedviT adamianis winaSe ganxorcielebuli Zaladoba, misi uflebebis xelyofa kategoriulad akrZalulia. adamianis uflebebi wminda da xelSeuxebelia, miuxedavad misi religiuri kuTvnilebisa Tu sazogadoebaSi pirovnebis statusisa.

Tanamedrove epoqaSi aRiarebuli, adamianis uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi, is uflebebi da Tavisuflebebia, romlebic islamSi ZiriTad uflebebadaa aRiarebuli. es uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi arcerTi formiT ar unda iqnas xelyofili. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, yvela ufleba, romelic adamians adamianuri cxovrebisTvis da arsebobis SenarCunebisTvis sWirdeba, islamis mixedviT adamians ekuTvnis da is wmindaa. islamSi, aRniSnuli uflebebis xelyofis nebismieri formis mcdeloba dagmobilia da aseve miRebulia prevenciuli zomebi.

islamSi, adamianis sicocxlis uflebas gasakuTrebuli adgili ukavia, radgan adamianis sicocxle im RirebulebaTagan umTavresia, rac mas gaaCnia. islamSi sicocxlis usafrTxoeba, Rirebulebebis CamonaTvalSi, marTalia meore adgils ikavebs, magram saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi is pirvel adgilze dgeba. am TvalsazrisiT, islamSi, adamianis sicocxlis winaaRmdeg ganxorcielebuli Tavdasxma dasjadia da misi erT-erTi forma yuranS Semdegnairadaa aRwerili:

1. „hei Tqven, romelTac irwmuneT! savaldebulo gaxda Tqvenda samagieros gadaxda moklulTaTvis (yisasi ). Tavisufali Tavisufalis wil, da mona monis wil, da qali qalis wil. xolo visac epatios rame Tavis (moklulis) Zmisagan (axloblebisgan), wesisamebr unda moiqces igi da aunazRauros keTilad (gadaixados dieti ). esaa SeRavaTi Tqveni RmerTisgan da wyaloba; da vinc zRvars gadavides , amis mere mware sasjeli miezRos mas!

2. hei, gonierno! samagieros gadaxdaSi sicocxlea TqvenTvis. egebis daculi iqmneT yovelive cudisagan!“ (bayara 178-179)

garda amisa, adamianis sicocxlis xelyofas aqvs moraluri sasjeli da datvirTva. aiaTSi nabrZanebia:

„amisTvisdavuwereT israilis SvilT, rom vinc mohklas adamiani ara adamianis wil da ara qveyanaze ukeTurobis gasawmendad, TiTqosda mTeli xalxi amoewyvitos. da vinc adamians sicocxles SeunarCunebs, TiTqosda mTeli xalxisTvis SeenarCunebinos sicocxle. vficav! Cveni Suamavalni ukve iyvnen maTTan misulni cxadi mtkicebaniT, magram amis Semdgomac, ueWvelad, bevri imaTgani mainc ganagrZobda dedamiwaze zRvargadasulobas.“ (maide 32)

yuranSi aseve nabrZanebia, rom usamarTlod mkvlelobis Camdeni mudmiv jojoxeTs imsaxurebs.

1 „da vinc morwmunes moklavs ganzrax, jojoxeTia misi sazRauri, sadac darCeba mudmivad. ganurisxda mas allahi da dawyevla igi da gaumzada mas sasjeli saSineli!“ (nisa 93)

miteveba da Semwynarebloba samyaros wyalobad movlenili Suamavlis gzaa

wm. Suamavali muhammedi yvela morwmunisaTvis samagaliTo adamiani iyo. rodesac mis cxovrebas gadavxedavT, davinaxavT, rom mas, misi cxovrebis da moRvaweobis manZilze aravis winaSe Zaladoba ar gamouyenebia. man Tavisi sayvareli biZis, hamzas mkvleli vahSic ki Seibrala da miuteva. man apatia maTac, vinc Tavisi mSbliuri qalaqidan eniT aRuwereli Seviwroebisa da Zaladobis Sedegad gandevna. am yvelaferis Semdeg ki, roca mteli Zalaufleba mis xelSi gadavida SurisZiebaze arc ufiqria da yvelas Seundo. misi cxovrebis periodSi adamianebsa da maT ojaxebs aRaravin aviwroebda da Zaladoba praqtikulad aRar iyo. amasTanave, Suamavali xSrad mouwodebda mimdevrebs, rom Zaladobisgan Tavi SeekavebinaT. magaliTisaTvis ramodenime hadiss SemogTavazebT:

„muslimi muslimis Zmaa. is mas ar daCagravs. ar uRalatebs, ar moatyuebs da gaWirvebaSi ar miatovebs. yoveli muslimisTvis sxva muslimis sisxli, namusi da qoneba aramia.“

„RmerTis winaSe, dedamiwis mospoba ufro naklebi ubedurebaa, vidre erTi muslimis mkvleloba.“

„ ori muslimi Tu erTmaneTs sasikvdilod Seebmeba, mkvlelic jojoxeTs imsaxurebs da moklulic.“

„vinc ar Seiwynarebs, arc Tavad Seiwynarebis.“

islamis Suamavali aramarto adamianebis, aramed cxovelebis mimarTac Semwynareblobas brZanebda. TemasTan dakavSirebiT arsebobs cnobili movlena, roca erT-erTma codvilma kacma mwyurvaled darCenil ZaRls, miuxedavad Zneli pirobebisa wyali miawoda da am faqtis gamo, Suamavlma brZana, rom am codvil adamians amgvari sikeTis gamo codvebi mieteva. aseve arsebobs meore cnobili movlena, roca erT-erTma qalma kata saxlSi gamoketa, ramac katis SimSiliT sikvdili gamoiwvia. es konkretuli codva ki im qalisTvis jojoxeTSi wasvlis mizezi gaxda. garda amisa, Suamavali brZanebda, rom pirutyvis Sewirvis an sxva mizeziT dakvlis dros pirutyvi ar unda awamoTo.

arsebobs mravali hadisi, romlebic cxovelebisadmi Semwynareblur damokidebulebas mogviwodebs. Suamavali Zalian iSviaTad Tu dawyevlida vinmes, magram roca gzad mimavalma dainaxa Tu rogor awamebda viRac kaci pirutyvs, Suamavalma is dawyevla.

warmoidgineT, islami, romelic cxovelebis mimarT esoden Semwynarebeli da humanuria, rogori Semwynarebeli da humanuri iqneba misi damokidebuleba adamianis mimarT da rogor SeiZleba, rom adamianis winaaRmdeg Zaladoba gaamarTlos. vinc realurad icnobs islams da aqvs swori xedva, ra Tqma unda ityvis, rom islami gmobs da uaryofs Zaladobas. sxvanairi daskvna, ubralod islamis safuZvlebTan TanxvedraSi ar modis.

omsac Tavisi samarTali da kanoni aqvs

yuranis da sunas mixedviT saerTaSoriso urTierTobebSi ZiriTadi mamoZravebeli mizani mSvidobaa. omi gamonaklisi mdgomareobaa. omebi, romlebic islamis da muslimebis arsebobis da Rirsebis dacvas isaxavda miznad, istoriaSi arsebuli jihadis procesis mokle epizodebs asaxavs. muslimebis mier momxvduris winaaRmdeg brZola, dapyrobis da Zaladobis winaaRmdeg winaaRmdegobis gaweva religiurad legitimuria. es bunebrivi ufleba da ufro metic, movaleobaa. Tumca, am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT erTi ram aucileblad gasaTvaliswinebelia. rogorc yvela samarTlebriv sistemaSi, islamis samarTlebriv sistemaSic miznis legitimurobasTan erTad, am miznis misaRwevad gamoyenebuli saSualebebis legitimurobac aucilebelia. amitom, islami momxvduris winaaRmdeg Tavdacvis mizniT muslimebs omSi CarTvisken mouwodebs, magram amasTanave aswavlis Tu rogor unda moiqcenen omis dros. anu islami adgens da ganmartavs omis kanons.

amrigad, mtris Semotevis dros omSi Cabmuli muslimebi garkveuli SezRudvebiT xelmZRvaneloben. muslimebs omis drosac ki Zaladoba da danaSauli ekrZalebaT. magaliTad, omis warmoebis dros qalebis, bavSvebis da moxucebis daxocva akrZalulia. aseve akrZalulia wamebiT mokvdineba.

islamis istoriaSi ar aris qalebis gaupatiurebisa da udanaSaulo adamianebis wamebis SemTxvevebi, rasac Tanamedrome epoqaSi sakmaod xSirad vxvdebiT. sasurvelia im adamianebma, romlebic amtkiceben, rom islami cecxliTa da maxviliT gavrcelda, kargad gaicnon wm. Samavlis cxovreba da mis mier warmoebuli omebi. sasurvelia daiTvalon ra raodenobis msxverpli mohyva am omebs da Seadaron realur situacias. aseT SemTxvevaSi faqti naTeli gaxdeba, rom islamis Suamavali sisxlisRvris winaaRmdegi iyo. am sakiTxTan dakavSrebiT warmogidgenT muhammed hamidullahis mosazrebebs, romlebic sakmaod sainteresoa.

„misi imperatoroba viwro quCebian patara qalaq-saxelmwifoSi daiwyo da es teritoria dReSi 274 kv. milis siswrafiT farTovdeboda. sikvdilisas ki ukve 2 milionis kvadratuli km. farTobis imperias marTavda. am uzarmazari teritoriis dakavebisas, mowinaaRmdegeTa rigebidan 250-mde adamianis sikvdili mohyva. 10 wliani periodis ganmavlobaSi muslimTa rigebidan Sahidad wasuli mebrZolebis raodenoba saSualod TveSi erTi adamiani iyo. adamianis sisxlis mimarT gamoCenili esoden pativiscema kacobriobis istriis manZilze uanalogoa.“

islamis mimdevari adamiani Zaladobas ar unda mimarTavdes. is unda iyos Semwynareblobis, simarTlisa da samarTlinobis magaliTis mimcemi. morwmune muslims, swored misi rwmena ar miscems imis uflebas, rom Zaladobas, borotebasa da uzneobas mimarTos. islami mudmivad mouwodebs adamianebs, rom airCion Semwynareblobisa da mitevebis gza. islami yovelTvis gmobda da gmobs Zaladobas. erTxel, mtris kontrolirebad teritoriaze usame ibn zeids erT kaci Sexvedria da im kacs „Sahada“ warmouTqvams. usames egona rom kacma es SiSis gamo warmoTqva da is kaci mokla. es ambavi Suamavals roca acnobes Zalian ewyina da usames sastikad usayvedura.

es movlena. sura nisas 94-e aiaTis movlinebis mizezi gaxda:

„hei Tqven, romelTac irwmuneT! roca gaeSurebiT (sabrZolvelad) allahis gzaze, ganasxvaveT (morwmune urwmunosagan) da amqveyniuri siuxvis moxveWis surviliT ar uTxraT imas, vinc mSvidobas SemogTavazebT: Sen ara xar morwmune! maSin, roca allahTanaa uricxvi alafi. aseTi iyaviT uwin, magram allahma wyaloba moiRo Tqvenze. amitom gaiazreT, ueWvelad, allahi uwyis rasac sCadixarT!“ (nisa 94)

aRniSnul sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, wm. Suamavlis pasuxi, romelic man miydad ibn esvedis SekiTxvas gasca, sakmaod damafiqrebelia. miydadis SekiTxva Semdegi iyo:

„RvTis Suamavalo, vTqvaT omis dros mtris pirispir aRmovCndi da SevebrZole. am dros urwmuno mterma Semomitia da mklavi momWra. Cemi Setevis Semdeg ki xis ukan daimala Tqva, rom is ukve muslimi gaxda. am situaciaSi maqvs Tu ara ufleba is movkla?

„ver moklav“, upasuxa Suamavalma.

swored Suamavali gvaswavlis, rom adamiani, romelic umweo mdgomareobaSi Cavardeba, mteric rom iyos unda SeviwynaroT da cudad ar moveqceT.

hijriT merve wels, Sevvalis mTvareSi, wm. Suamavalma 300 kacisgan Semdgar razms xalid ibn velidi dauniSna ufrosad da jezimes tomis xalxTan gagzavna saomrad. Tan daubara, rom Tu jezimes xalxi omze uars ityoda ar SebrZolebodnen. jezimes tomis xalxma xalidis meTaurobiT gagzavnili jari rom dainaxes iaraRi aisxes da brZolaSi Caebnen. brZolis dros jezimes tomidan erT-erTi gamorCeuli axalgazrda ymawvili daiRupa. im dros Turme im ymawvilis meuRle iq iyo da roca dainaxa misi sayvareli mamakaci mokluli daeca Zirs, isic mivarda da ikivla. imdenad ganicada es tragedia, rom sawyali qali TviTonac iqve gardaicvala. es ambavi, mogvianebiT Suamavals acnobes. Suamavali Zalian daRonda da mis momxreebs ase usayvedura: „nuTu Tqvens Soris aravin iyo Semwynarebeli?“ garda amisa, Suamavals acnobes, rom xalidma tyveebis erTi nawilic daaxocina. Suamavalma xelebi zecisken aRapyro da RmerTs sTxova: „RmerTo, me xalidis namoqmedarisgan Sors var. misTvis es ar mibrZanebia“.

Suamavali Zaladobis gamoyenebisa da wamebis nebarTvas ar gascemda. suheil ibn amri meqeli urwmunoebis erT-erTi mowinave warmomadgeneli iyo. swored is iRebda monawileobas Suamavlis Seviwroebasa da devnaSi, sanam Suamavali hijras gaakeTebda da medinaSi wavidoda. bediris brZolaSi suheili tyved Cavarda. erTxel gaqcevac scada, magram isev daiWires. suheili nakiTxi kaci iyo. sityviT SeeZlo adamianebze zemoqmedeba moexdina. omarma Suamavals sTxova, neba mieca, suheilisTvis wina kbilebi Caemtvria, raTa mas Suamavlis Sesaxeb veRar esaubra. Suamavalma uari uTxra. ver vawameb, RmerTi amisTvis damsjiso. Tanac, imedi maqvs, rom erT dRes is ise moiqceva, rom mogvewonebao. marTlac ase moxda. Suamavlis gardacvalebis Semdeg meqaSi cnobili movlenebi moxda. saubari iyo islamis mitovebaze. swored maSin mimarTa suheilma xalxs: „meqelebo, Tqven allahis sarwmunoebas ukanasknelni SeuerTdiT. am sarwmunoebidan gandgomaSi pirvelni mainc nu iqnebiT.“ misi es sityvebi im usiamovno movlenebis dasrulebis mizezi gaxda.

rogorc aq warmodgenil aiaTebSi da hadisebSi iyo gadmocemuli, islamis mixedviT omis drosac ki ar arsebobs Zaladoba. omis drosac ki upiratesoba Semwynareblobasa da mitevebas eniWeba.

Tanacxovreba

Tanamedrove cxovrebSi arsebuli gaurkvevloba, romlebsac socialuri, eTnikuri da religiuri sarCuli udevT safuZvlad da is sisxlisRvra, rac yoveldRiurobaSi gvxvdeba, gviCvenebs, rom Tanacxovrebis kultura, ar gagvaCnia da codna am kulturisa, Zalzed mniSvnelovani da aucilebelia.

droa kacobriobam daijeros, rom am teqnologuri ganviTarebis epoqaSi, sadac dedamiwa „saerTaSoriso“ soflad aris warmodgenili, adamianebma erTimeoris uflebebi unda daicvan da erTad Tanacxovreba iswavlon. eTnikuri, religiuri, ideologiuri da pilitikuri sxvadasxvaoba dapirispirebis mizezi ki ar unda iyos, aramed es yvelaferi kacobriobis istoriis kulturul memkvidreobas warmoadgens da es asec unda aRiqmebodes. amgvari aRqma fufuneba ki ara, aucileblobaa.

islamis mxridan rom SevxedoT, wm. wignis da Suamavlis hadisebis gzavnilebi cxovrebis kulturis Camoyalibebis saqmeSi mTavar rols TamaSoben. yuranis mixedviT adamianebis socialuri, kulturuli da eTnikuri sxvadasxvaoba erTis mxriv RvTiuri formatis gamoxatuleba, xolo meores mxriv ki es sxvadasxvaoba RmerTis sidiadis erT-erTi maCvenebelia. yuranSi nabrZanebia Semdegi:

„da misi saswaulebidanaa caTa da miwis gaCena, Tqveni enebis da feris sxvadasxvaobac. ueWvelad, amaSi saswaulebia mcodneTaTvis !“ (rum 22)

„da Cven Senda gardmovavlineT wigni WeSmaritebiT, dasturad imisa, rac masze uwin iyo wignSi, da damcvelad misda . maS, gansaje maT Soris imis mixedviT, rac zemoavlina allahma , ar ganudge Senze boZebul WeSmaritebas da ar ahyve maT survilebs . TiToeul Tqvengans Cven davudgineT kanoni da gza . da rom eneba allahs, erT Temad gqmnidaT Tqven . magram (dagyoT) imisTvis rom gamoecadeT imiT, rac giboZaT. maS, SeejibreT erTmaneTs keTili saqmeebis keTebaSi. yvelani allahTan mibrundebiT da igi gacnobebs imas, razec gqondaT uTanxmoeba.“ (maide 48)

aiaTis mixedviT dedamiwaze arsebuli mravalferovneba RvTiuri movlenaa da kanonia. swored RmerTma daadgina adamianebi sxvadasxva sqesis, xolo Semdeg dayo isini gvarebad, tomebad, rasebad da a.S.

„hei, adamianno! ueWvelad, erTi mamridan da erTi mdedridan gagaCineT Tqven da rom SeicnoT erTmaneTi, dagadgineT erebad da tomebad. ueWvelad, Tqvengan yvelaze pativdebuli allahis winaSe TqvenSi yvelaze ufro RvTismoSiSia. ueWvelad, allahi yovlismcodnea, yvelafrismcodnea!“ (hujuraT 13)

garda amisa, aiaTSi nabrZanebia, rom RmerTis winaSe yvelaze metad amaRlebuli isaa, vinc yvelaze metad RvTismoSiSia da am mxriv eTnikuri an biologiuri kuTvnileba privilegiad ar iTvleba.

upirveles yovlisa islami da masTan erTad yvela zeciuri religia TavianT gzavnilebSi gadmoscemen mowodebebs, romlebic adamianTa Soris mSvidobisa da harmoniis damkvidrebas da kulturuli mravalferovnebiT Tanacxovrebas uwyobs xels.

daZabulobis da Seuwynareblobis Sedegi sakmaod mZimea. amgvari damokidebuleba adamians aiZulebs yvelaze sayvarel adamiansac ki ziani moutanos. amgvari garemo adamianebs jansaRi azrovnebis unars arTmevs. kacobriobis istoria da gansakuTrebiT ki islamis istoria msgavsi magaliTebis xSiri momswrea. wm. adamis Svili abeli, iakobis Svili iusufi da wm. Suamavlis sayvareli SviliSvili huseini, mxolod mcire nawilia im adamianebisa, romlebic Seuwynareblobis msxverplni gaxdnen.

am yvelafridan Cans, rom tolerantoba is mTavari gzaa, riTic kacobrioba mSvidobasa da harmoniaSi cxovrebas SeZlebs. samwuxarod, miuxedavad imisa, rom es WeSmariteba yvelam icis, adamianebis nawili politikuri sargeblobisaTvis Ralatobs am humanur princips da dedamiwas sacxovreblad gausaZliss xdis. arada, kacobriobis harmoniuli cxovrebis moSla yvelas Seexeba, garda mciredi gamonaklisisa.

sinamdvileSi, dedamiwa nairferadi yvavilebiT moqarguli baRia. gansxvavebuli religiis, aRmsareblobis da kulturis mqone adamianebis arseboba aramarto dRevandeli, aramed guSindeli WeSmaritebacaa. garda amisa, SeuZlebelia imis Tqma, rom kacobriobis mTeli istoriis manZilze adamianebi erTi da imave azris an sarwmunoebis mimdevrebi iyvnen. radganac gansxvavebuli azri da mravalferovneba Cveni realobaa, adamianebma unda viswavloT erTmaneTis pativiscema da erTad cxovreba.

erT-erTma kosmonavtma, romelmac mTvareze fexi dadga, Semdegi sityvebi warmoTqva: „aqedan dedamiwa lamazi da naTelia. iq mSidoba Cans.“ es iyo SemTxveva, roca adamiani dedamiwis mTlianobas da erTianobas xedavda da misi xedva sadRac jurRmulSi Caketili adamianis viwro horizonts ar hgavda. dedamiwis amgvari mTliani xedva sxva faqtroebis gamo ar unda davanawevroT. adamiani, romeli rwmenisa da Sexedulebisac ar unda iyos is „sxva“-d, „sxvanairad“ ar unda miviCnioT da yvelam mSvidobiani TanacxovrebisTvis unda vibrZoloT. Tu davakvirdebiT msoflioSi mimdinare movlenebs, amgvari gaTiSlobis da urTierTdapirispirebis atana ukve gausaZlisi xdeba. amitom, nebismier adamians, miuxedavad misi religiuri, politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebebisa unda hqondeT tolerantuli garemo, raTa srulfasovani Tanacxovreba SeZlon.

dasasruls

islamis ZaladobasTan da terorizmTan dakavSireba, udidesi Secdomaa. es zogadsakacobrio sakiTxia da islami gantevebis vacis rolSia gamoyvanili. arc islami da arc sxva religia Zaladobasa da terors ar waaqezebs. sxvanairad rom vTqvaT, sarwmunoeba, romlis arsi adamiani, samyaro da garemoa, anarqias da areulobas xels ar Seuwyobs.

dedamiwaze dapirispirebis mravali wertili arsebobs. zogierTi dajgufeba, dapirispirebisas, Zaladobas da terors mimarTavs. am mdgomareobis religiaze miwera da misi pasuxismgeblobis dayeneba ukiduresi Secdoma da didad sazianoa. adamianebi, rogorc yovelTvis borotebas sCadian xolme. pirveli da meore msoflio omebi da sxva mravali omi, romlebic mTel istorias gasdevs naTlad cxadyofs, rom adamiani xSirad sCadis borotebas da misi aseTi damangreveli buneba xSrad vlindeba xolme. warmoidgineT, yvela am borotebis da sisxlisRvris religiaze dabraleba gana SesaZlebelia? nuTu SeiZleba imis mtkiceba, rom pirvel da meore msoflio omSi daRvrili milionobiT adamianis sisxli qristianebs unda davabraloT? amgvari uamravi magaliTis CamoTvla SeiZleba. gana SeiZleba es yvelaferi ise gavigoT, rom am yvelafris ukan politikuri, eTnikuri, ekonomikuri, an socialuri sarCuli ar davinaxoT da sxva faqtorebs davukavSiroT? martivi pasuxia „ara“. amdenad, roca muslimebi raime konfliqtis dros Zaladobas mimarTaven, sakiTxs igivenairad unda mivudgeT. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi Cveni midgomebi da daskvnebi absoluturad subieqtur xasiaTs SeiZens.

Zaladobis da teroris islamTan dakavSireba, sakiTxis erTgvari gamartivebis mcdeloba da mTeli istoriuli realobis ugulebelyofaa. dedamiwaze arsebul konfliqtebs, Zaladobasa da terors, anarqiasa da areulobebs mravali politikuri, ekonomikuri, socialuri da eTnikuri sarCuli udevT.

siRaribe, Semosavlebis arasamarTliani gadanawileba, umuSevroba, gaunaTlebloba, politikuri zewola, demokratiis da gamoxatvis Tavisuflebis ar yofna, tendenciuroba, xalxis daSnebis mcdeloba, momavlis mimarT uperspeqtivobisa da uimedobis gancda da sxva msgavsi mizezebi Zaladobis da teroris gamovlinebis ZiriTadi faqtorebia. amgvari garemo, araswori aRzrda da zneobrivi Rirebulebebis dakargva Zaladobas da terors biZgs aZlevs. amgvar garemoSi moqceuli adamianebi sazogadoebisgan gariyulad Tvlian Tavs da Zaladobas mimarTaven. maT sjeraT, rom teroris gziT am problemas moagvareben, an sul mcire maTi gausaZlisi pirobebis Sesaxeb msoflio sazogadoebis yuradRebas miipyroben. meres mxriv, zneobisa da sulierebis mxriv sarwmunoebis rolis eWvs qveS dayeneba da misi umecrebiT Canacvleba ufro cudia, vidre religiasa da terors Soris kavSiris aRmoCenis mcdeloba. Tu religia mxolod fanatikuri jgufebis xelSi darCeba, religia problemebis mogvarebis rols dakargavs da boroti ganzraxvis matarebelTa xelSi damatebiT iaraRad gadaiqceva.

is socialuri, eTnikuri, politikuri da religiuri xasiaTis dapirispirebebi kacobriobis istoriis siRrmeebSi unda gamqraliyo, magram zogierTi jgufebis mier misi TanamedroveobaSi gadmotana xdeba, rac ar aris mosawoni da arc unda moviwonoT. amgvari dapirispirebebi, arc adre iZleoda raime sargebels da miTumetes arc axla moitans. amgvar dapirispirebSi gamarjvebuli mxolod da mxolod siZulvili, boroteba, sisxli, cremli, Zaladoba da teroria.

istoriulma gamocdilebam cxadyo, rom arcerTi dapirispireba lokalur doneze ar rCeba da is sxvaganac inarCunebs moqmedebas. yoveli gonieri da zneobrivi adamiani Tavadac ganicdis im Cagvras da tkivils, romelic Zaladobis msxverpl adamianebs SeexebaT da am dros mniSneloba ar eniWeba arc eTnikur, arc religiur da arc romelime sxvagvar kuTvnilebas.

TiTqmis yoveldRe, masmediis sxvadasxva saSualebebiT, Cvens axlos Tu Sors vxvdebiT Zaladobis da teroris gamowveul movenebs, sisxlisRvras da aTas ubedurebas da es yvelaferi sindisis mqone adamianebSi guliskivils da Sewuxebas iwvevs. am yvelafris Semxedvare, xSrad gvebadeba kiTxva, neta adamianebSi Semwynarebloba, sikeTe, siyvaruli da pativiscema gaqra?

anarqias da terorizms sazogadoebaSi aranairi legitimuri safuZveli ar moepoveba. racarunda cudi iyos pirobebi, yvelas movaleobaa uaryofiT movlenebs xeli ar Seuwyos. mokled rom vTqvaT, ar arsebobs mizezi, ris gamoc anarqiis gamarTleba SeiZleba.

am qaosis dasaZlevad, upirveles yovlisa adamianebis sulieri sicariele unda aivsos, xolo amis Semdeg adamianTa gulebSi Semwynarebloba, pativiscema, ndoba da siyvaruli unda Camoyalibdes. garda amisa, socialur cxovrebaSi samarTlianobis damkvidreba unda iqnas uzrunvelyofili.

adamianebi, rogorc islami mogviwodebs erTmaneTis Zmebi arian da maT Soris swored Zmuri Tanadgoma da urTierTgatana unda sufevdes. arada anarqia am yvelafers gamoricxavs.

rasac sakuTari TavisTvis isurvebT, igive usurveT Tqvens mezobels, das, Zmas, mogviwodebs wm. Suamavali da ufro metic, amgvar qcevas rwmenis sazomad miiCnevs. swored es aris is gza, riTic adamianebi urTierTsiyvaruls da erTianobas miaRweven. separatizmi da areuloba ki sazogadoebas akninebs da ubedureba moaqvs. anarqia da terori, uzenaesi gamCenis winaaRmdeg omis gamocxadebad iTvleba, amgvari qmedebis CamdenTa dasja, islamis mier gatarebuli gamafrTxilebeli zomebia, romelebic Zaladobis, terorisa da anarqiis uperspeqtivobas udevs safuZvlad.

„ueWvelad, romelnic ibrZvian allahisa da misi Suamavlis winaaRmdeg da cdiloben ukeTureba gaavrcelon qveynad , isaa sazRauri, rom moklulni iqnan isini an Zelze gakrulni, an xel-fexi sxvadasxva mxriT mokveTilni , an am miwa-wylidan gaZevebuli . aseTia damcireba maTTvis amqveyniuri, xolo mZime sasjelia saiqioSi.“ (maide 33)

Zaladobisa da terorisgan Tavisufali msoflios surviliT...