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საერთაშორისო საქველმოქმედო ფონდი muslim-georgia

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ნაწარმოების განმხილველი კომისიის გადაწყვეტილება: 20.02.2019/23

ISBN: 978-605-7519-42-9
2019-06-Y-0003-1590
სერთიფიკატის ნო: 12930
1. გამოცემა, ანკარა 2019

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axalgazrdobis problemebi da TviTmkvleloba

Eıdr. Senol qorquT

თურქეთის რესპუბლიკის რელიგიის საქმეთა სამმართველო

winasityvaoba

adamiani sazogadoebis nawilia. erTian sivrceSi mcxovrebi adamianebi valdebulni arian icodnen individis uflebeba- movaleobebi da pasuxismgeblobis grZnobiT unda moqmedebdnen, raTa adamianTa Soris mSvidoba da bedniereba iqnas uzrunvelyofili. pasuxismgeblobis Segneba pirovnebam, upirveles yovlisa sakuTariT unda daiwyos. piradi pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba visac gaaCnia, man ojaxisa da sazogadoebis winaSe arsebuli pasuxismgeblobac icis da dakisrebul movaleobasac asrulebs.

„nuTu egona adamians, rom upasuxismgeblod iqneboda mitovebuli?“

sura yiameTis 36-e aiaTi migviTiTebs, rom adamiani pasuxismgeblobis matarebeli arsebaa.

„mere im dRes, aucileblad mogekiTxebaT, rac geboZaT!“

sura Teqasuris me-8 aiaTi ki gviCvenebs, rom adamians, upirveles yovlisa goneba da sxva mravali wyaloba eboZa da amis sapasuxod, garkveuli valdebulebebi daekisra, romelic SeZlebidagvarad unda Seasrulos.

sazogadoebis simSvides, umTavresad gaurkvevloba arRvevs, yvelas gvekisreba pasuxismgebloba, raTa adamianis RirsebisTvis Sesaferisi momavali SeviqmnaT. cxadia, rom dRes Cvens sazogadoebaSi mravali gaurkveveli sakiTxi arsebobs.

dReisaTvis msoflio sazogadoebis momavals mravali safrTxe emuqreba. esenia: SimSli, siRaribe, garemos dabinZureba, bunebrivi katastrofebi, socialuri uTanasworoba, araTanabari pirobebi, zneobrivi dacemuloba, sulieri simdable, materialuri midrekilebebi, urwmunoeba, boroteba, arasakmarisad jansaRi garemo, gaurkvevloba ganaTlebisa da samarTlianobis sferoSi, istoriuli da kulturuli Rirebulebebis ganadgureba da sxva. garda amisa, am yvelafers emateba adamianebs Soris dialogis. tolerantobisa da Semwynareblobis Semcireba, gansxvavebuli azris devna da terori.

yvela es sakiTxi ara konkretuli regionis an erisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli, aramed mTeli msoflios mosaxleoba raRac formiT, gaurkvevlobaSia Cafluli. am sakiTxebis mosagvarevlad ki xalxebs Soris urTierTobis gaRrmaveba da saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis qmediTi miRwevebis Ziebaa saWiro.

sinamdvileSi, umTavresi aris is, rom Cvens xelT arsebul Rirebulebebs ver vamCnevT da Sesabamisad am RirebulebebiT ar vcxovrobT. gamomdinare aqedan, jer es Rirebulebebi unda aRmovaCinoT da yoveldRiurobaSi davnergoT. ueWvelia, rom CvenTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani Rirebuleba islamia, romelic ramdenime aTeuli saukunis ganmavlobaSi, kacobriobas gzas unaTebs.

dRes, adamianis SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebis mizniT SemuSavebuli, fsiqoTerapiis meTodebis qmediTunarianobisaTvis, ekologiuri problemebis, narkomaniis winaaRmdeg brZolis da sxva msgavsi gamowvevebis winaaRmdeg religiis mniSvneloba aSkaraa. islams gaaCnia saimiso SesaZlebloba, rom Tanamedrove gamowvevebs upasuxos. mas aqvs saimiso dinamika, raTa Tanamedrove msoflios axali formulirebebi SesTavazos.

am TvalsazrisiT Cveni sarwmunoebis mier gadmocemuli brZanebebi da rCevebi, romlebic urTierTdaxmarebisa da tolerantobis principebis damkvidrebas uwyobs xels, yurad unda viRoT da adamianebs Soris arsebuli ufleba-movaleobebi kargad gaviazroT da cxovrebis Wiri da lxini erTad vzidoT. Cveni cxovrebis stili socialuri urTierTTanadgoma unda iyos da bednieri momavlisTvis yvelam erTad vibrZoloT.

Sesavali

I. axalgazrdoba da axalgazrdebis problemebi

axalgazrdoba adamianis cxovrebis erT-erTi yvelaze saTuTi periodia. upirvelesad, es aris niSani imisa, rom adamiani samyaros aRqmis wertilSia. gonebrivad Camoyalibebisa da azrovnebis formebis ganviTarebis kvaldakval adamiani samyaros moqmedebas ecnoba. adamiani am dros ecnoba samyaros, dedamiwas, adamianebs, cxovelebs, mcenareebs da sxv.

axalgazrdobis periodSi adamiani aRiqvams im fizikur da sulier Tvisebebs, rac RmerTma uboZa. amasTanave xdeba momwifeba da uCndeba pasuxismgebloba. gamomdinare aqedan, adamianis pasuxismgeblobis grZnoba, rogorc fizikuri, ise sulieri TvalsazrisiT pirovnebad Camoyalibebis sakiTxSi, adamians Tavisuflebis areals uxsnis.

am etapis Semdeg axalgazrda adamiani valdebulia religiuri valdebulebebi Seasrulos, aRavlinos RvTismsaxureba da ganasxvavos erTmaneTisagan kargi da cudi.

adamianis cxovrebis yvela etaps Tavisi dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi gaaCnia. adamiani roca sikeTes akeTebs es kargia da saTanadod dafasdeba, radgan mas SeeZlo borotebac Caedina. RmerTma adamians mravali arCevanis da alternativis saSualeba uboZa. am mravalferovani alternativebis arsebobis dros kargis da sasikeTos arCeva, bunebrivia ufro gonivruli da azriani qcevaa. borotebis SesaZleblobis arsebobisas sikeTis gakeTeba marTlac sikeTea. gamomdinare aqedan, islamis ZiriTadi wyaroebis, yuranisa da sunas mixedviT axalgazrdobis periodi da axalgazrdobisas gakeTebuli sikeTe gansakuTrebiT dafasebulia. Sesabamisad, axalgazrdobaSi gakeTebuli sikeTe da madli ufro maRla dgas, vidre moxucebulobaSi gakeTebuli.

axalgazrdobaSi, mTeli rigi mizezebidan gamomdinare, sxvadasxva daavadebebis, mavne Cvevebis da borotebis Cadenis ufro meti albaToba arsebobs. axalgazrdobaSi ufro meti safrTxea saimisod, rom adamianma mieCvios alkohols, narkotiks, azartul TamaSebs da sxva religiurad akrZalul qmedebebs. miTumetes, axalgazrdobaSi SeZenili msgavsi tipis mavne Cveva SesaZlebelia pirovnebas sicocxlis bolomde gahyves.

sazogadoebis tradiciuli struqtura, ojaxuri instituti da wesrigi da axalgazrduli energiuloba xSir SemTxvevaSi erTmaneTs upirispirdeba. amis Sedegad xSiria TaobaTa Sorisi brZola da sazogadoebis miRma darCenisa Tu meamboxeobis magaliTebi, rac axalgazrdobis periods xSirad axasiaTebs.

roca mdgomareoba aseTia, arsebobs mravali mosazreba da dajgufeba, romlebic religiur wesebs da samyaros wesrigs kritikis TvaliT uyureben da maTi moqmedebis sfero da mizani, sworedac rom axalgazrda adamianebis gonebaa. amgvari dajgufebebi da mimdinareobebia satanisturi dajgufebebi da sxva msgavsi misTanani. amgvari gaukuRmarTebuli mimdinareobebi, rogorc wesi axalgazrdebs aZuleben samyaros mimdinare wesrigs da dedamiwas maTTvis gausaZlis, qaosur adgilad warmoaCenen. amgvari qaoturi azrovneba axalgazrda adamianSi damangrevel gamovlinebebs iwvevs da TviTmkvlelobisken ubiZgebs mas. am savalalo process Tu davakvirdebiT advilad mivxvdebiT, rom axalgazrdebi am kritikul periodSi, miuxedavad TavianTi energiisa da sicocxlisunarianobisa, sinamdvileSi SeiZleba iTqvas, rom sicocxlesTan wvrili ZafiT arian dakavSirebuli.

zogierTi specialisti, romelic am konkretul sferoS moRvaweobs, aRniSnul periods sxvadasxva etapad yofs da ise ganixilavs. bavSvobidan gardatexis asakSi Sesvlis procesSi amgvari periodulad dayofa Cveni sarwmunoebis mixedviTac yuradsaRebia.

axalgazrdobis pirvel etapad miCneuli gardatexis asakia swored is periodi, roca adamianSi gansxvavebuli fizukuri da gonebrivi cvlilebebi xdeba. am dros adamiani acnobierebs im cvlilebebs, rac manamde mis organizmSi da gonebaSi ar xdeboda. gardatexis asakSi adamiani mSoblebis kritikas iwyebs da amgvari winaaRmdegobebiT cdilobs sakuTar Tavs axali pasuxismgeblobis da SesaZleblobebis gasaqani misces. amavdroulad, adamiani am asakSi sazogadoebrivi Rirebulebebis Seswavliskenaa midrekili. mozardi viTardeba fizikurad da es ganviTarebis procesi mis gonebriv daZabulobas iwvevs.

am yvelaferTan erTad, adamiani am periodSi samomavlo profesiis arCevanis winaSe dgeba. am da sxva faqtorebis gavleniT adamiani Tavisdauneburad gonebriv qaosSi eqceva, Tumca am periods axlavs mravali lamazi momentic.

axalgazrda adamiani yvela im gancdas, rac adamianis survilebs itacebs, gansakuTrebuli mgrZnobelobiT ganicdis. am periodSi adamiani SeiZleba zedmetad gamxiaruldes, an kidev zogjer ukiduresad dardiani gaxdes. es yvelaferi SeiZleba damokidebuli iyos mis garemoze, magaliTad skolaze, ojaxze, megobrebze da sxva. mozardisTvis ojaxi zogjer Zalian tkbili da sasurveli adgili xdeba, zogjer ki mosabezrebeli, rogorc cixe, sadac Tavisi pirovnebis warmoCena ar ZaluZs. amgvari gancdebis qveS myofi axalgazrda adamianis Sida da gare samyaros Soris wonasworobis SenarCuneba sakmaod Znelad misaRwevia xolme.

axalgazrda adamianis yvela es mcdeloba, sinamdvileSi sakuTari mes, sakuTari pirovnebis Ziebis procesia. axalgazrda adamiani sazogadoebriv dogmebs kritikis TvaliT uyurebs yvelafris gansjas iwyebs. ojaxuri wesrigis gansja, sazogadoebrivi weswyobilebis kritika, religiasTan damokidebuleba da politikuri Sexedulebebi axalgazrda adamians ayenebs im mdgomareobaSi, rom am yvelafris sapirispirod ganawyobs da misdauneburad meore mxares aRmoCndeba xolme. mozardi aseT mdgomareobaSi rom ar Cavardes saWiroa am periodisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebi kargad icodes. Tumca mozardis es Zieba, kritika da winaaRmdegoba sulac ar niSnavs, rom is arsebul da mimdinare yvelafris winaaRmdegia. es yvelaferi damokidebulia Tu rogor da ra formiT SevTavazebT mas mimdinare, arsebul realobas. Tu es formebi misTvis misaRebi iqneba, mozardi cxovrebis misaReb CarCoebSi moeqceva da ase ganagrZobs ganviTarebas.

sinamdvileSi mozards sakuTari Tavis damkvidreba surs. Tavisuflebis survili xSirad mas ukontrolos xdis. misi es mdgomareoba mSoblebs sagonebelSi agdebs da xSirad mSoblebsa da Svils Soris daZabulobis foni iqmndeba. swored aq warmoiSoba mdgomareoba, romelic TaobaTa Sorisi brZolis saxeliTaa cnobili. TaobaTa Soris amgvari Setakeba Tu zogadi gaxda, es momavali Taobebis Sesaxeb garkveul ukmayofilebas da SeSfoTebas iwvevs. am yvelafridan gamomdinare, mozardebis msgavs mdgomareobaSi Cavardna ar unda davuSvaT, magram maT problemebs gagebiT unda movekidoT da maTTvis misaRebi meTodebi da miznebi SevTavazoT. am procesSi Tu mdgomareoba kritikul zRvramde miva, saWiroa am saqmis specialistebis CarTva. TaobaTa Soris Setakebis procesSi xSiria TviTmkvlelobebi da ojaxuri Zaladobis gamovlinebis faqtebi da es yvelaferi TiTqmis yvela tipis sazogadoebaSi arsebobs.

II. zogadad TviTmkvlelobis Sesaxeb

zogadad TviTmkvleloba adamianis mier gaazrebulad, nebismieri qmedebiT sakuTari sicocxlis dasrulebas niSnavs. adamianis sikvdili TviTmkvlelobad rom CaiTvalos adamiani srul Wkuaze unda iyos. Sesabamisad, vinme sxvisi Carevis an raime movlenis Sedegad dafiqsirebuli sikvdili TviTmkvlelobad ar CaiTvleba.

arsebobs SemTxvevebi, roca adamiani garkveuli periodis ganmavlobaSi TviTmkvlelobaze fiqrobs. Tu adamiani raime miznis misaRwevad ambobs, rom Tavs moiklavs, es TviTmkvlelobis muqaraa. garda amisa, adamianma SeiZleba TviTmkvleloba gaiTamaSos da relurad Tavis mokvla ar surdes. zogjer isec xdeba, rom amgvari moCvenebiTi TviTmkvlelobis mcdelobisas Sedegi marTlac TviTmkvleloba dgeba. siucidis movlenis mkvlevarebis mtkicebiT TviTmkvleloba SeiZleba gamoiwvios sxvadasxva saxis daavadebebma, romelTa safuZveli SeZleba iyos filosofiuri, biologiuri, fsiqologiuri, sociologiuri da sxva.

islami kategoriulad krZalavs TviTmkvelobas da mas did codvad miiCnevs. mniSvneloba ar aqvs TviTmkvlelobis mizezs. am TemasTan dakavSirebiT yuranSi nabrZanebia Semdegi:

„hei Tqven, romelTac irwmuneT! erTmaneTs Soris ukanonod ar miirTvaT Tqveni qoneba, mxolod vaWroba Tu iqneba urTierTTanxmobiT. da Tavi ar moiklaT. ueWvelad, allahi mowyalea Tqvendami!“ (nisa 29)

garda amisa, yuranSi nabrZanebia, rom usamarTlod sicocxlis mospoba mTeli kacobriobis sicocxlis mospobad iTvleba.

„amisTvisdavuwereT israilis SvilT, rom vinc mohklas adamiani ara adamianis wil da ara qveyanaze ukeTurobis gasawmendad, TiTqosda mTeli xalxi amoewyvitos. da vinc adamians sicocxles SeunarCunebs, TiTqosda mTeli xalxisTvis SeenarCunebinos sicocxle. vficav! Cveni Suamavalni ukve iyvnen maTTan misulni cxadi mtkicebaniT, magram amis Semdgomac, ueWvelad, bevri imaTgani mainc ganagrZobda dedamiwaze zRvargadasulobas.“ (maide 32)

Suamavlis megobrebidan amr ibn ‘asi erT-erTi laSqrobisas gansabani Seiqmna, radgan Zilis dros poluciis movlena dafiqsirda. amri iseT adgilas imyofeboda, sadac Zalian cioda da miuxedavad imisa, rom wyali iSoveboda, ganbanva Teimumis meTodiT Seasrula da locvas waruZRva. mogvianebiT roca es ambavi Suamavals acnoba, ganmarta, rom is zemoT moyvanili aiaTis mixedviT moiqca ase. Suamavalmac daudastura misi gadawyvetileba.

Suamavali sicocxlis gametebas Svid udides codvaSi Tvlida. heiberis brZolis dros quzmanis saxeliT cnobili meomari mZimed daiWra. Wriloba imdenad mZime da autaneli iyo, rom quzmanma sakuTari xmliT Tavi moikla. amis Taobaze Suamavalma ganacxada, rom quzmanma am saqcielisaTvis jojoxeTi daimsaxura.

miuxedavad imisa, rom islami kategoriulad krZalavs TviTmkvlelobas da mas udides codvebSi ganixilavs, iSviaTad mainc xdeba es samwuxaro movlena da muslimebi Tavs iklaven.

TviTmkvleloba iseTi codvaa, romelic monaniebis saSualebas aRar iZleva. sxva yvela codvas, didi iqneba Tu patara, monaniebis gziT mitevebis albaToba gaaCnia, magram TviTmkvleloba iseTi movlenaa, rac codvis Camdenis sikvdils iwvevs da Sesabamisad mas monaniebis Sansi aRar eqneba. rac Seexeba TviTmkvlelobis mcdelobas, amisaTvis monaniebis SesaZlebloba arsebobs.

islami, garda imisa, rom krZalavs TviTmkvlelobas, aseve mravalmxrivi meTodebiT cdilobs suicidisadmi midrekilebebi aRmofxvras. is ar tovebs amgvar problematur adamianebs marto, aswavlis rwmenis safuZvlebs, qcevebs da sxva. isalmis rwmenis safuZvlebi, sxva principebi da samarTlianobis islamiseuli gageba adamians exmareba gadaafasos Sexedulebebi da uari Tqvas TviTmkvlelobaze, miuxedavad am azris warmoSobis mizezebisa.

islami aramxolod socialuri aqtivobebiTa da kavSrebiT uSlis xels TviTmkvlelobas, aramed misi ZiriTadi swavleba, rwmenis safuZvlebi, muslimi adamianis sazogadoebaSi CarTuloba da sxva RonisZiebebi aseve xels uSlian da mizezs aRar aZleven TviTmkvlelobis movlenis gavrcelebas. roca adamians sjera, rom sicocxle misTvis Zvirfasi wyalobaa, rom is mxolod RmerTma uboZa da mxolod RmerTs SeuZlia daasrulos, es yvelaferi TviTmkvlelobaze fiqris saSualebas naklebad iZleva.

religiur rwmenasa da suicids Soris kavSirze mravali Teoria aris ganviTarebuli da aseve mravali kvlevaa Catarebuli. am Teoriis farglebSi zogierTi mkvlevari miiCnevda, rom religia TviTmkvlelobis movlenaze gavlenas ver axdens, zogi amtkicebda rom religia TviTmkvlelobas aqezebs da zogic amtkicebda, rom religia TviTmkvlelobas xels uSlis. Tumca yvelaze masStaburma kvlevebma cxadyo, rom sarwmunoeba TviTmkvlelobis albaTobas amcirebs. religia namdvilad aris da iqneba TviTmkvlelobis Semakavebeli faqtori. religia adamians mxolod amqveyniur arsebad ar ganixilavs da mis saiqio cxovrebazec zrunavs.

religia adamianis gonebaSi garkveul sulieri Rirebulebebis samyaros qmnis. aRniSnuli metafizikuri sfero amqveyniur cxovrebiseul problemebis dros nugeSad da imedad evlineba. garda amisa, romelime religiis mimdevar adamians sxva morwmuneebis saxiT manugeSebeli da maimedebeli adamianebi hyavs da amgvarad adamianebs Soris socialuri kavSirebi Zlierdeba. es ki martoobisa da sasowarkveTilebisgan TviTmkvlelobis albaTbas sagrZnoblad amcirebs.

islamis istorias Tu gadavxedavT, islamur sazogadoebaSi TviTmkvlelobebis gamovlineba Zalzed iSviaTia. amis mizezi ki isaa, rom islamis swavleba martivi, bunebrivi, cxovrebiseuli, advilad gasagebi da adamianis bunebis Sesabamisia. am mdgomareobas bevri dasavleli mkvlevaric aRvniSnavs. maTi ganmartebiT islamis wamoSobidan dRemde islamur sazogadoebaSi TviTmkvlelobis movlenis iSviaTobis mizezi swored rom zemoT naxsenebi faqtorebia.

islamis swavlulebis mosazrebis Tanaxmad muslimi adamianis mier TviTmkvlelobis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi cnobili ar aris morwmuned gardaicvala is Tu urwmunod, amitom isini miiCneven, rom es RmerTsa da konkretul micvalebuls Soris arsebuli fenomenia, aqedan gamomdinare ki TviTmkvleli muslimisTvis micvalebulis namazis Sesruleba da muslimTa sasaflaoze dasaflaveba misaRebia.

dRevandeli axalgazrdobisaTvis TviTmkvlelobis mizezad SeiZleba Semdegi faqtorebi dasaxeldes: umuSevroba, uperspeqtivobis gancda, TaobaTa Soris konfliqtebi, calmxrivi siyvaruli, idealuri warmodgenebis ganxorcielebis imedis arqona, arasrulfasovnebis kompleqsi da sxva.

III. axalgazrduli problemebi da TviTmkvleloba

1. TaobaTa Soris uTanxmoeba, rogorc axalgazrdobis problema

sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, axalgazrdoba, es aris samyaros sxvanairad aRqmis SesaZlebloba. islamis mixedviT adamiani gardatexis asaks rom miaRwevs, religiurad ukve pasuxismgeblobis matarebelia. gardatexis asaks miRweuli adamiani ukve pasuxismgebelia RmerTis, adamianis, sazogadoebis da sakuTari Tavis winaSe. misi es mdgomareoba Tavisuflebis mopovebad SeiZleba ganixilebodes. ojaxsac bavSis winaSe garkveuli movaleobebi gaaCnia. upirveles yovlisa ojaxma bavSvis gamokvebaze unda izrunos, amis mere ki modis sxva moTxovnilebebi, rogoricaa ganaTleba, aRzrda, usafrTxoeba da sxva.

bavSvebi siyvaruliT da gulmowyale damokidebulebiT unda aRizardon. Tu bavSvi pataraobisas Zaladobas da usamarTlobas awydeba, es yvelaferi mozrdilobaSi uaryofiT gavlenas iqoniebs mis fsiqikaze. gamomdinare aqedan, im ojaxSi gazrdili bavSvi, sadac Zaladoba iyo, ojaxs veRar warmoidgens iseT adgilad, sadac bednierebis da simSvidis miRweva SeiZleba. bunebrivia am dros is sxva adgilis Ziebas daiwyebs, sadac simSvides da bednierebas moipovebs.

jer kidev bavSvobaSi rwmenis safuZvlebis swavleba, RvTismsaxurebaze miCveva da maRali zneobis ganviTareba bavSvebs axalgazrduli wlebis iseTi formiT gatarebeSi daexmareba, rasac wm. Suamavali iwonebda. maRali zneobis matarebeli, morwmune axalgazrda nebismier situaciaSi gonivrulad moiqceva da amasTanave is uaryofiTi garemo efeqtebi, romlebic garemosgan modis, masze veRar imoqmedebs. Sesabamisad misi suicidisadmi midrekilebis albaToba Zalian naklebi iqneba.

2. fsiqologiuri faqtorebi, rogorc axalgazrdobis problema

TviTmkvlelobis movlenis mizezi yovelTvis fsiqologiuri problemebi an fsiqiatriuli daavadebebi ar aris. adamiani SeiZleba sulierad sruliad janmrTeli iyos, magram Zlieri emociis fonze TviTmkvleloba scados. axalgazrdebi yvelaze xSirad, fsiqologiuri problemis saxiT, depresias awydebian. depresiis dros adamiani Tavs ubedurad, iumedod, umniSvnelod da sasowarkveTilad grZnobs da misi es mdgomareoba fizikur aspeqtSic gamoixateba.

mozardis depresiuli mdgomareoba gamoixateba sxvadasxva gamovlinebebSi. magaliTad xSiri stresi da daZabuloba, mousvenroba, wesebis ugulebelyofa, Tavis da muclis tkivilebi, arasrulfasovnebis SegrZneba, tirili, oTaxSi Caketva, swavlaSi warumatebloba, megobrebTan urTierTobis gafuWeba da sxva.

depresiis gamovlineba mozardebsa da zrdasrulebSi gansxvavebulad xdeba. rogorc fizikuri daavadebebis, ise fsiqologiuri problemebis mogvarebisaTvis swrafi reagireba ukiduresad mniSvnelovania. amitom saWiroa saqmis specialistis drouli Careva da daxmareba. mozardis depresiis procesSi garemo gansakuTrebul rols TamaSobs da am TavlsazrisiT, upirveles yovlisa jer mSoblebi, mere ki yvela garSemomyofi gansakuTrebuli sifrTxiliT unda moiqces.

garda amisa, maTi yuradReba an uyuradReboba gadaWarbebuli ar unda iyos da am or ukiduresobas Soris oqros Sualedi unda monaxon. fsiqologebi amboben, rom depresia aris problema, romlis drosac TviTmkvlelobis riski sakmaod maRalia.

gardatexis asakSi warmoqmnili problemebisgan erT-erTi yoveldRiuri cxovrebis procesSi panikis Semcveli SfoTvaa. didi xnis ganmavlobaSi davalebaze uSedegod muSaoba, uamravjer dawera da isev waSla, sapirfareSos xSiri gamoyeneba, mudmivad xelebis bana, sakuTar nivTebze Sexebisgan ukiduresad gaRizianeba da sxva msgavsi qcevebi depresiis erTgvari niSnebia. amgvari niSnebis gamovlenisTanave saWiroa drouli reagireba, raTa depresia ar Camoyalibdes da miTumetes ar gaRrmavdes.

axalgazrdobis wlebSi xdeba sazogadoebrivi wesrigis gacnoba, profesiis SerCeva, saqmis keTebis unarebis gamovlineba da sxva msgavsi problemebis gadawyveta. am etapze adamiani awydeba problemas, romelic gulisxmobs Tu ras warmoadgens Tavad adamiani da ras iTxovs misgan sazogadoeba. am winaaRmdegobas Sejaxebuli axalgazrda xSirad sazogadoebis moTxovnilebebs iTvaliswinebs da sakuTars ugulebelyofs xolme.

3. SfoTva, rogorc axalgazrdobis problema

rodesac mozardebis problemebze vsaubrobT, aucilebelia CamovTvaloT moswavleobasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi. swavla, gamocdebi da sxva, ganaTlebasTan dakavSirebuli problemebi ganixileba rogorc mozardebis problemebTan dakavSrebuli elementebi. aRniSnuli mdgomareoba SesaZlebelia mozardis SfoTvis mizezi gaxdes, Sida samyaroSi gadavides, ganivrcos da kontrols aRar daeqvemdebaros. momavlis dardi mozards yoveli mxridan awuxebs da es warmoSobilia rogorc misi sakuTari Sinagani samyarosgan, ise garemocvis zewolisgan, rogoricaa mSoblebi, megobrebi da sxva. am periodSi amgvari mSfoTvare fsiqologias ufro amZafrebs gamocdebi, romlebic, rogorc wesi adamianis cxovrebis am konkretul etapzea dadgenili.

gamocdebze saubrisas gansakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos saSualo skolis gamosaSvebi da umaRles saswavlebelSi misaRebi gamocdebi. swored es gamocdebia, romlebic axalgazrdebSi gansakuTrebul SfoTvas da nerviulobas iwvevs. zogierTi mozardi misaReb gamocdebze warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi TviTmkvlelobazec ki fiqrobs, gegmavs mas da zogjer sisruleSic ki moyavs.

garda amisa, zogierTi mozardis problemaa universitetSi Cabarebis Semdeg ucxo garemoSi moxvedra, miuxedavad imisa, rom skolaSi swavlis dros bednieri da xalisiani iyo. aseve problematuri da sanerviulo procesia univeritetis damTavrebis Semdeg samsaxuris Sovna da TviTdamkvidreba.

gamocdebis da momavalTan dakavSirebuli SfoTvis SegrZneba rom mozardis gulsa da gonebaSi damkvidrdes, did rols TamaSobs ojaxi, ojaxuri garemo,, samegobro wre da sxva msgavsi faqtorebi. am problemis gadawyvetis mizniT, raTa mozardi amgvari SfoTvis mizezi ar gaxdes, aRmzrdelebi sxvadasxva meTodebs da taqtikas mimarTaven xolme. ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom am tipis gamocdebSi warmatebas aRweven isini, vinc konkretul disciplinaSi sakmarisi codna daagrova, vinc praqtikuli codna ganiviTara da sakuTar fsiqologiis gakontroleba SeuZlia da ara isini vinc yvelaze mets ganicdis, yvelaze mets nerviulobs da vinc yvelaze metad daZabulia.

garda amisa, gamocdebis warmatebisaTvis saWiroa RmerTs SevevedroT, raTa man gagviadvilos gamocdis cabareba da goneba gagvinaTos. es simSvidis mopovebaSi dagvexmareba da ufro nayofierad muSaobas SevZlebT. am procesSi aucileblad gasaTvaliswinebelia „Teveqqulis-sasoebis“ momenti, romelic Sromas, mowadinebas, gulisxmier mcdelobas da amis Semdeg RmerTisgan warmatebis motanis molodins gulisxmobs. xolo Tu Sromis Semdeg warmateba ar mova, es RmerTis nebaa da ase unda miviCnioT. aq mniSvnelovani momenti isaa, rom zogi ram dasawyisSi sasargeblo da mimzidveli Cans, magram Semdeg saziano da cudi aRmoCndeba xolme da piriqiT, zogi ram rac dasawyisSi ar gvizidavs, mogvianebiT CvenTvis sasargeblo da sasikeTo aRmoCndeba xolme. garda amisa, warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi mozardis mimarT ojaxis da garemocvis damokidebuleba da qceva ukiduresad mniSvnelovania.

ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom mozardis mier gamocdebze warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi misi gakicxva, lanZRva, damcireba da msgavsi midgomebi miuRebelia, radgan amgvari qceviT mis depresias, cxovrebisgan gaTiSulobas da sasowarkveTas gamoviwvevT. am dros mTavaria Tavis xelSi ayvana da emociebis gakontroleba, ris Semdegac axali miswrafebebi da miznebi unda iqnas dasaxuli. momavlis perspeqtivisgan CamoSoreba da mudmivad warsulis warumateblobis gavlenis qveS yofna, mozardis momvals negatiuri kuTxiT Secvlis. warmatebuli adamianebi warsulSi gancdil warumateblobas rogorc gamocdilebas ise agrovebdnen da masze axali warmatebisken mimaval gegmebs saxavdnen. gamomdinare aqedan, Zlieri da Tavisufali adamiani cxovrebis asparezze nebismier negatiur movlenas Seudrekeli xvdeba da situaciidan ufro gaZlierebuli gamodis.

saamiso potenciali yvela gonier adamians gaaCnia. am procesis ganmavlobaSi ki adamiani RmerTis ukidegano wyalobis kalTasaa Sefarebuli da misgan axal imedebsa da perspeqtivebs elodeba. amrigad is mudmivad ganiviTarebs rogorc sulier ise fizikur SesaZleblobebs.

4. komunikaciis meqanizmebi, rogorc axalgazrdobis problema

Tanamedrove epoqa, romelSic vcxovrobT, saTamaSo da gasarTobi saSualebebiT Cvens mimdinare cxovrebas Tavisi gavlenis qveS aqcevs. komunikaciis meqanizmebi adamianis gonebaSi yovelgvari garTobis, TamaSisa da Cvevebis saxiT gasaqans poulobs da am mxriv gansakuTrebiT efeqtur rols filmebi, musika, radio, video TamaSebi, kompiuteri, interneti da sxva msgavsi saSualebebi TamaSobs da zogjer isini, rogorc wesi relur cxovrebas anacvlebs. sxvadasxva TamaSebi, virtualuri gmirebi, alternatiuli virtualuri garemo, virtualuri megobrebi da sxva, gansakuTrebiT mozardisTvis efeqturi zegavlenis matarebelia da mozardis gonebas da Sinagan samyaros gansxvavebuli midrekilebebisken xelsayrelad aqcevs.

garda amisa, realur samyaroSi SeuZlebeli da virtualur samyaroSi SesaZlo fantaziebi mozards reluri cxovrebisgan aSorebs da mis gonebas abrmavebs. amgvari zewolis qveS myofi mozardi Tavis individualizmsa da unarebs, Tavisi gaCenis Sesabamis bunebriobas nelnela kargavs da ase dabneuli virtualur da realur samyaros Soris exeTqeba. am dros mozardis Sromisunarianoba dacemulia da rogorc wesi is warumatebelia roorc skolaSi, ise ojaxsa da sazogadoebaSi. amrigad, mzaddeba TviTmkvlelobisTvis xelsayreli adamianis prototipi, romelic sikvdilsa da sicocxles Sorisaa.

sasurvelia axalgazrdebma interneti akademiuri da saganmanaTleblo miznebisTvis gamoiyenon, garToba ki zomieri da miRemuli formiT unda xdebodes.

Tumca, virtualuri samyaros momxibvleloba amgvar racionalur qcevas sjobnis, adamianis cxovrebas ipyrobs, gonebas abnelebs da codnis SeZenis SesaZleblobas spobs. es yvelaferi uaryofiTad moqmedebs mozardis gadawyvetilebebze, maSin roca is momavlis profesias irCevs da amavdroulad arTmevs dros, romelsac is codnis SeZenisTvis unda iyenebdes. aseve dadgenilia, rom mozardobis periodSi virtualur gmirebs, TamaSebs, filmebsa da garTobis sxva saSualebebs mijaWvuli axalgazrdebi suiciduri azrisadmi ufro midrekilni arian.

sarwmunoebis swavlebis da RvTiuri kanonebiT dadgenili gziT mavali axalgazrdebi, bunebrivia xvdebian virtualuri samyaros am negatiur gavlenas da ufro racionalurad iqcevian. amasTanave isinu Sinaarsianad iyeneben dros, romelic mozardisTvis gansakuTrebiT didi mniSvnelobis matarebelia.

5. pesimisturi ganwyoba

adamianis cxovrebaSi axalgazrdoba is periodia, rodesac adamianis goneba, qceva da cxovrebis stili fiqrisTvis Riaa da fiqris es intensiuri periodi did gavlenas axdens. am periodSi axalgazrdis gonebaze did zemoqmedebas axdens agreTve masmedia, kono, musika da sxva msgavsi faqtorebi. Tanamedrove axalgazrdobas sakomunikacio saSualebebiT sxvadasxva kultura, cxovrebis stili, moda da msgavsi maprovocirebeli stimulebi miewodebaT.

arsebobs zogierTi filosofiuri mimdinareoba, romelTa sawyisebi antikur saberZneTs ukavSirdeba da romlebic qadageben, rom amqveyniuri cxovreba cudia da mxolod sikvdilis Semdgom iwyeba WeSmariti cxovreba, es qveyana cixea da aq adamiani sasjels ixdis da Tu surs adamians Tavi daaRwios wamebas rac SeiZleba swrafad unda datovos sxeuli da a.S. amgvari negatiuri zemoqmedebis mqone mosazrebebi da filosofiuri mimdinareobebi TanamedroveobaSic gvxvdeba. Cven am mosazrebas siucidis filosofiur mizezad ganvixilavT da es mosazreba adamianis gaCenis ZiriTad mizanTan absoluturad winaaRmdegobaSia. Sesabamisad ar Seesabameba arc islamis rwmenasa da swavlebas. miuxedavad amisa, amgvari mosazrebebi formacvlili saxiT isev gvxvdeba da sakomunikacio saSuelebebis gamoyenebiT vrceldeba.

Tanamedrove axalgazrdobis garkveul nawils konkretuli musikaluri mimdinareoba aqvs gafetiSebuli da TavianTi cxovrebis stilic Sesabamisad aqvT formirebuli, xolo garemosTan am yvelafris zegavlenidan gamomdinare urTierToben.

garda amisa momravlebulia iseTi adgilebi, sadac mozardebs SeuZliaT miiRon TavianTi sicocxlis gamanadgurebeli nivTierebebi, rogoricaa eqstazi, kokaini, heroini da msgavsi tipis saSiSi narkotikuli saSualebebi. gamoucdeli mozardebisTvis amgvari adgilebi gansakuTrebiT mimzidvelad gamoiyureba. suiciduri azris maprovocirebeli swored es zemoT naxsenebi mavne Cvevebia. magaliTad, samedicino fakultetis studenti Tu narkotikebzea SeCveuli SeiZleba doza gadaaWarbos da sicocxle ase daasrulos. rogorc cnobilia, narkotikebis moxmarebisas rac ufro eCveva organizmi miT ufro met dozas iTxovs.

mozardi msgavsi adgilebisgan Sors unda idges da Tu SemTxveviT amgvari situaciaSi aRmoCndeba dauyonebliv Sesabamis samedicino dawesebulebas unda mimarTos. rac ufro male davbrunebiT saziano gzidan miT ukeTesi. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi narkotikis gza aucileblad sikvdilTan migviyvens. sikvdilamde procesSi ki am yvelafers Tans sdevs wvaleba, nerviuloba, ubedureba, TviTmkvlelobebi da sxva mravali msgavsi ubedureba.

6. azartuli TamaSebi

azartuli TamaSebi islamis mixedviT kategoriulad akrZalulia da haramadaa miCneuli. dasawyisSi azartuli TamaSebi SeiZleba uwyinar garTobad an fulis martivad Sovnis gzad mogveCvenos, magram mogvianebiT amis Sedegad Cndeba problemebi, Cndeba Zlieri damokidebuleba, adamianebi vardebian did valebSi, ingreva ojaxebi da xdeba mravali sxva ubedureba.

azartuli TamaSebis maxeSi gabmuli mozardi gonebas Tavs veRar uyris da rac ufro met fuls agebs, miTufro Rrmad efloba. am procesSi is ukidures gonebriv stress ganicdis da swored maSin uCndeba suiciduri azri. azartuli TamaSebis dros wlebis manZilze ofliT da jafiT nagrovebi fulis uecrad dakargvaa SesaZlebeli.

azartuli TamaSebis moTamaSe adamiani Tavidan asi procentiT darwmunebulia, rom moigebs. Tumca, mogvianebiT, miuxedavad wagebisa azartul TamaSebze Zlier damokidebuli xdeba da fiqrobs, rom Semdge TamaSSi aucileblad moigebs. moTamaSe adamians imdenad Zvalsa da rbilSi ujdeba TamaSis survili da Cveva, rom erTxel mogebis SemTvevaSic mTel fuls isev TamaSSi waagebs.

am gzaze mdgari adamiani rac ufro Sors midis miTufro met zarals poulobs xolme. Tavdapirvelad Tu SeeZlo raRac sazRvrebi daecva, zomiereba gamoeCina, mere da mere am yvelafris SegrZnebas dakargavs da mTlianad azartul TamaSze damokidebuli xdeba. „TamaSiT aravin gamdidrebula“, naTqvamia xalxSi da es sityvebi am mdgomareobis fsiqologias zustad asaxavs.

azartul TamaSebze damokidebuli mozardi saWiroa am saqmis specialistTan mivides da mkurnalobis kursi gaiaros, xolo Cadenili codvis gamo RmerTis winaSe unda moinanios da RmerTs Sendoba sTxovos. „bevri wavage, amas mxolod mogebiT Tu avanazRaureb“ amgvari midgoma araTu rames moagebinebs adamians, piriqiT, sabolood daRupavs.

7. mruSoba

mruSoba da masTan asocirebuli sxva qcevebi Tanamedroveobis seriozuli gamowvevaa. gardatexis asaks miRweuli mozardi ukve pasuxismgebelia Tavis qcevebze da amasTanave is valdebulia islamis swavlebis wesisamebr icxovros. axalgazrda, romelic mruSobas Caidens umal kargavs pativiscemas ojaxSi, megobrebSi Tu sazogadoebaSi. mozardisTvis es asaki gansakuTrebiT saTuTi da saxifaToa, amitom mozardi yovelmxriv unda ecados, rom Tavisi cxovreba yuranis mier nakarnaxevi gziT warmarTos da mruSobisgan Sors yofna arCios. amasTanave, am asakSi mozardma xSirad unda imarxulos, raTa sakuTari survilebis moTokva gauadvildes. amas wm. Suamavali muhammedi gvirCevs.

xolo Tu axalgazrda adamiani mainc Secda da amgvari umsgavso qmedeba Caidina, maSinve unda moinanios da RmerTis winaSe patieba iTxovos.

8. uimedo siyvaruli da axalgazrdoba

mozardobis, axalgazrdobis asakSi siyvaruli yvelaze bunebrivi mdgomareobebidan erT-erTia. kvlevebma aCvena, rom adamianis es bunebrivi mdgomareoba zog adamianisTvis Zlieri gancdis momgvrelia, xolo zogisTvis SedarebiT sustad mimdinareobs. aseve cnobilia, rom calmxrivi da uimedo siyvarulis dros xSirad saqme TviTmkvlelobiTac ki mTavrdeba.

islamis mixedviT RmerTis erT-erTi Tviseba silamazea (jemal). Tasavvufis swavlebis mixedviT dedamiwaze rac silamazea, yvelas safuZveli da wyaro RmerTia.

zogierT SemTxvevaSi dro yvelafris mkurnalia. uimedo siyvarulis gamo vinc TviTmkvleloba Caidina, 3-4 weli rom moecada da aseTi radikaluri nabijisgan droebiT Tavi Seekavebina, mixvdeboda, Tu raoden didi sisulele da uazro saqcieli Caidina. amgvari Zlieri siyvaruliT Sepyrobilebma sasurvelia jer waikiTxon islamis moazrone xelovanebis mevlanas, iunus emres da Seix galibis nawarmoebebi da amiT isini Sinagan simSvides moipoveben. iqneb adamianuri siyvarulis grZnobidan RvTiuri siyvarulis saidumlosken gaekvliaT gza. mevlanas sityvebs Tu gavixsenebT, erTi siyvarulis daviwyeba, mxolod sxva siyvaruliTaa SesaZlebeli. am sityvebiT naTeli xdeba, rom cxovreba am mxriv mraval gamosavals gvTavazobs.

IV. axalgazrdobis problemebi

da TviTmkvleloba islamis pirobebi

1. axalgazrdobis problemebi da RmerTis rwmena

islamis mixedviR RmerTis rwmena rwmenis pirobebidan yvelaze mTavaria. RmerTi yuranSi, krZalavs TviTmkvlelobas. RmerTma yvelaferi uwyis da esmis. misi samarTali mTel samyaroze vrceldeba. am qveynad Tu ram usamarTlod mogveCveneba, es mxolod da mxolod gamocdaa. RmerTi garkveuli periodiT adamianebs sxvadasxva arCevanis winaSe Tavisufali nebis amara tovebs da Semdeg situaciidan gamomdinare namoqmedarisTvis ganikiTxavs. RmerTi yvelaze Znelbedobis Jams adamianis gverdiTaa. is adamianTan adamianis mTavar arteriaze ufro axloa.

„da Tu SegekiTxebian Sen (muhammed) Cemi msaxurni Cems Sesaxeb, ueWvelad, me axlos var, Sevismen mlocvelis vedrebas, roca is Semevedreba. maS, Seisminon Cemi da mirwmunon me, egeb swori gziT wavidnen!“ (bayara 186)

garda amisa hadisSi naTqvamia, rom vinc RmerTisken erT nabijs gadadgams, RmerTi misken aT nabijs gadadgams.

gamomdinare aqedan, axalgazrdam, romelsac swams RmerTi da axalgazrdobis problemebad CamoTvlilTagan romelime problemaSi Cavarda, isev RmerTs unda miekedlos, Seevedros da misgan moelodes Svelas.

yuranis mixedviT amqveyniuri cxovreba fuWi da warmavalia da amavdroulad adamianisTvis gamocdis adgili. adamianisTvis rogorc yvela codvis, ise suiciduri azris drosac amgvari gamocdaa. Tumca, sxva codvebis SemTxvevaSi adamians monaniebis Sansi kidev rCeba, magram TviTmkvlelobis SemTxvevaSi am Sanss kargavs. amitom, suiciduri azris mqone adamiani kargad unda dafiqrdes, rom TviTmkvlelobis ganxorcielebis SemTxvevaSi mas Sansi aRar eqneba RmerTis wyalobis, axali cxovrebis, axali azrovnebis da sxva. iqneb RmerTma goneba unda gauxsnas, iqneb amqveyniuri da saiqio bedniereba unda uwyalobos, is ki am Sanss sakuTari xeliT spobs.

adamianma arasodes unda daiviwyos, rom RmerTi yvelaze dramatul wuTebSic ki masTan yvelaze ufro axlosaa.

garda amisa, RmerTs adamianisTvis iseTi araferi daukisrebia, rasac is ver SeZlebs. (ix. baqara 286). gamomdinare aqedan, axalgazrda adamiani yvelaze mZime wuTebSic unda dafiqrdes da mixvdes, rom es yvelaferi RmerTis nebaa, moZebnos avtoriteti adamianebi, romlebic am sakiTxSi karg rCevebs miscemen da unda icodes, rom RmerTis wyaloba yvela da yvelafers moicavs. RmerTi yovelTvis adamianis gverdiTaa.

“erTi axalgazrda adamiani ambobs: „misaRebi gamocdebi rom ver Cavabaro, daviRupebi. ras ityvian megobrebi, mSblebi?“ meore mTel Rameebs aTenebs dardsa da wvalebaSi, radgan Seyvarebulma uari uTxra da sxvas gayva colad. mesames miaCnia, rom cxovrebis wes-wyobileba mis Sexedulebebs ar emTxveva da mas ver upovia Tavisi adgili am samyaroSi. erT-erTi sxva imas ganicdis, rom didi codva Caidina da es rom gamJRavndes ojaxis da sazogadoebis reaqciis eSinia. sxva axalgazrda meamboxeTa mimdinareobas Sexizvnia da tradiciul institutebs brZolas ucxadebs. erT-erTi mozardi fiqrobs, rom mSblebi zedmetad aviwroeben, amitom oTaxSia Caketili da aravis naxva aRar surs. viRac sxvas mTeli fuli TamaSSi waugia. erT-erTs narkotiki gausinjavs da axla xvdeba Tu ra xifaTSi Caagdo sakuTari sicocxle da momavali. viRacas universiteti daumTavrebia, magram samsaxurs ver Soulobs da sxva.“

yvela adamianma unda icodes, rom yvela aq CamoTvlili da sxva nebismier problemis SemTxvevaSi maTTvis yvelaze axlobeli, maTi Semwe da mSveleli erTaderTi arseba diadi RmerTia. amitom nebismieri problemis, uimedobis Tu codvis SemTxvevaSi RmerTs unda mivekedloT, movinanioT da Svela vTxovoT. upirveles yovlisa unda SevwyvitoT codvis Cadena da gvjerodes, rom RmerTi yvelafers xedavs, yvelaferi esmis, icis da yvelaferi SeuZlia. is xom CvenTan yovelTvis, yvelaze axlosaa.

2. axalgazrdobis problemebi da saiqios rwmena

kacobriobis istoriis manZilze, uwvrilesi socialuri jgufebidan dawyebuli msxvili sazogadoebrivi erTeulebiT damTavrebuli, yvelgan xdeboda da xdeba garkveuli usamarTloba, romelTa warmoSobis mizezi isev da isev adamianebi arian.

islamis swavlebis mixedviT amqveynad gakeTebuli nebismieri sikeTe saiqioSi aucileblad dafasdeba da aseve amqveynad Cadenili nebismieri usamarTloba da danaSauli saiqioSi sasjels iTvaliswinebs. amasTanave naTladaa gacxadebuli, rom es qveyana saiqiosTvis sarCos mopovebis adgilia da aq rasac davTesT imasve movimkiT saiqioSi.

yovelma adamianma da gansakuTrebiT axalgazrdebma unda icodnen, rom nebismieri qmedeba, romelic usamarTloba da codvaa saiqioSi gankiTxvis sagani gaxdeba da uzenaesi Semoqmedi Cadenili usamarTlobisa da codvisTvis yvelas sakadrisad miezRveba. RmerTi amis Sesaxeb yuranSi naTlad brZanebs.

zemoT CamoTvlili uaryofiTi mdgomareobis gamo adamiani RmerTis gzas ar unda acdes da unda axsovdes, rom gardatexis asakidan is ukve Tavisufalia da es imas niSnavs, rom mas gaaCnia pasuxismgebloba uzenaesi gamCenis winaSe. adamianma unda moiTminos da Tu usamarTlod moeqcevian uvelaferi RmerTs miandos. adamianma Tu amqveynad sworad icxovra, saiqioSi bednieri iqneba. gamomdinare aqedan, gamocdaze CaWra, siRaribe, umuSevroba da sxva msgavsi negatiuri movlenebi droebiTi mdgomareobaa. saiqio bednierebisaTvis ra Tqma unda Rirs amqveynad Sroma da gaZleba. adamianma unda SeZlos RmerTis mier dadgenili nebis aRsruleba da aseve mis mier boZebuli SesaZleblobebis kargad gamoyeneba. TviTmkveloba ki am yvelafris ugulebelyofa da am yvelafrisgan gaqcevaa. yuranis mixedviT mTavari saiqio bednierebaa da ara amqveyniuri droebiTi siamovneba. TviTmkvlelobis SemTxvevaSi ki adamiani am bednierebisa da gadarCenis Sanss ispobs.

3. monanieba

Cadenili codvidan gamomdinare sinanulis gamoxatvas da RmerTis winaSe pirobis dadebas, rom aRniSnuli codva aRar ganmeordeba, monanieba ewodeba. monanieba miRebuli rom iyos, islamis swavlilebis nawili garkveuli pirobebis aucileblobaze saubrobs da am TvalsazrisiT gansakuTrebiT didi yuradReba gulwrfelobas eniWeba. islamis mixedviT RmerTsa da mis monas Soris araviTari mesame Zala ar aris saWiro da monaniebis msgavs sakiTxebSi Suamavali faqtoris da raime damakavSirebeli rgolis arseboba miuRebelia.

zogierT SemTxvevaSi monanieba, axalgazrdobis wlebSi warmoSobili problemebisgan gamomdinare SesaZlo TviTmkvlelobebs xels uSlis. zogjer xdeba sakitxis araswori gageba da adamianebs hgoniaT, rom axalgazrdobis wlebSi Cadenili codvebi arasodes mietevebaT da sikvdilamde am codviT damZimebulebi ivlian. RmerTs Tavisi wyalobis karebi yovelTvis Ria aqvs da roca erTis mxriv Cadenili codvisTvis pasuxisgebaze saubrobs, iqne miTiTebulia, rom gulwrfeli monanieba miRebuli iqneba. (ix nisa 17, en’am 54, zumer 53, Tahrim 8)

amasTanave, axalgazrda adamiani gansakuTrebiT unda moeridos iseTi didi codvebis Cadenas, rogoricaa alkoholuri sasmelebi, azartuli TamaSebi, mruSoba, narkotikebi da sxva. xolo Tu axalgazrda adamiani eSmakis mcdelobis Sedegad Secdeba da am tipis codvebSi monawileobas miiRebs maSinve gulwrfelad unda moinanios. Sesabamisi sasjelisTvisac isev da isev RmerTs unda miekedlos. winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi mTeli cxovrebis manZilze RmerTis winaSe codvili iqneba.

zogjer xdeba, rom adamiani roca codvas sCadis fiqorbs, rom es codva ar mieteveba da amis gamo rwmenis mimarT saerTod civdeba. am dros is im keTil znesa da qcevebsac kargavs rac mas gaaCnda. amis Semdeg modis is savalalo momenti rasac suiciduri azri hqvia da adamiani TviTmkvlelobaze iwyebs fiqrs. Tumca, Cveni sarwmunoebis mixedviT amgvari fiqri mcdaria. adamianma racarunda is codva Caidinos, misTvis monaniebis karebi Riaa.

aseve ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom monaniebis gadadebac da imis Tqma, rom mogvianebiT movinaniebT konkretul codvas, aseve miuRebeli da mcdari Sexedulebaa.

4. „Teveqquli-sasoeba“

rodesac adamiani raime saqmeSi warmatebisaTvis yvelafers iRonebs, SesaZleblobis mixedviT yvelafers gaiTvaliswinebs da amis Semdeg Sedegs RmerTisgan daelodeba es aris „Teveqquli.“

axalgazrdebis problemebTan dakavSrebuli sakiTxebis ganxilvisas Teveqqulis sworad gagebas axalgazrdobis wlebS SesaZlo problemebis Tavidan asacileblad mniSnelovani rolis TamaSi SeuZlia. rogorc zemoT iqna aRniSnuli, axalgazrdobis periodSi adamiani mravali saxis negatiuri zemoqmedebis qveS eqceva da amgvari negatiuri faqtorebi mis sulier mdgomareobaze uaryofiT zegavlenas axdens, es ki Tavis mxriv suiciduri azris warmoSobas uwyobs xels. magaliTad, mozards skolis damTavrebis Semdeg momavlis profesiis arCevis mizniT gamocdis Cabareba uwevs. am gamocdisTvis mzadebas ramodenime wliT adre iwyebs da sakmaod Sromatevadi procesia. adamians am dros swori midgomebi da sworad gaTvlili programa sWirdeba. mTeli am procesisi ganmavlobaSi adamiani garkveul SfoTvas ganicdis. rom CaviWra, ra moxdeba neta? ras ityvian megobrebi da mSoblebi? da sxv. amgvari SfoTva adamianis stabilur ganwyobas arRvevs da warmatebuli swavlisaTvis Seqmnil programis mixedviT swavlas xels uSlis. am mdgomareobaSi adamiani mudmivad unda ecados, rom am uniadago SfoTvas adgili ar misces da mTeli koncentracia misaRwevi miznisken mimarTos.

Teveqqulis gageba axalgazrdas exmareba ufro sistematiuri da stabiluri mecadineoba warmarTos. is mizanmimarTulad da miznis Sesabamisad mecadineobs da Sedegs RmerTisgan elodeba. xdeba iseTi SemTxvevebic, rom miuxedavad swori da Tanmimdevruli muSaobisa, miuxedavad didi Sromisa da mcdelobisa, adamiani mainc warumeteblad gadis gamocdaze da iWreba.

Teveqqulis gageba ki adamians exmareba am fsiqologiuri wnexis gaZlebaSi da is ambobs: „ras vizamT, me rac SemeZlo gavakeTe, yvela Rone vixmare, magram ver cavabare. gamodis rom RmerTs ase hqonia gadawyvetili“.

Teveqqulis gageba adamians axali miznebis dasaxvaSi daexmareba. is iolad SeZlebs axali SesaZleblobebisa da mimarTulebebis aRmocenas da cxovrebas ise gaagrZelebs, rom RmerTTan kavSirs mudmivad SeinarCunebs.

5. moTmineba

moTmineba zogadad axalgazrdebisaTvis Cveuli damaxasiaTebeli Tviseba ar gaxlavT. Tumca, axalgazrdebma erTxelac rom moTminebiT raime saqmeS warmatebas miaRwion, mixvdebian, Tu raoden mniSvnelovania moTmineba cxovrebisTvis brZolaSi.

moTmineba, TviTmkvlelobis potencialis matarebeli mravali problemis sawinaaRmdego saSualebaa.

moTmineba es ar aris zogierTi movlenis mimarT zerele damokidebuleba an sizarmacis gamo reaqciis gareSe darCena.

moTmineba, es aris problemebis dros gaZleba da winasworobis SenarCuneba, yvela negatiuris pozotiurad gardaqmnisTvis brZola da RmerTis imediT tkivilebis gulSi Cakvlis Zala. gamomdinare aqedan, moTmineba cxovrebis mimarT gulgrilobas ki ar niSnavs, aramed masTan ufro metad damaaxloebeli movlenaa.

garda amisa, moTmineba es aris im problemebis dadebiTad gadawyvetisTvis sakmarisi drois gamoyofa, romlebic konkretul situaciaSi adamians awuxebs.

yuranSi moTxrobilia wm. Suamaval eubis ambavi da is moTminebis magaliTadaa moxseniebuli. wm. eubi warmoudgenel moTminebas iCenda da amisaTvis RmerTma is Sesabamisad daajildova.

dasasruls

cxovrebis yvela etapze arsebobs misTvis damaxasiaTebeli Tvisebebi, problemebi da dadebiTi movlenebi. Cveni sarwmunoeba islami yovelmxriv aRWurvilia im TvisebebiT, romlebic cxovrebas gagvilamazebs. axalgazrdobis periods ki Tavisi problemebi gaaCnia. muslimi axalgazrda cxovrebis yovel nabijze magaliTad wm. Suamaval muhammeds unda iRebdes da mis mier nakarnaxevi gziT unda dadiodes.

islamis rwmena, romelic RmerTis, saiqios, bedisweris da a.S. rwmenas gulisxmobs da amasTanave gaaCnia iseTi principebi, rogoricaa Teveqquli, monanieba, moTmineba da sxva, es yvelaferi axalgazrduli problemebis dadebiTad gadaWris sakiTxSi didi mniSvnelobis matarebelia da xels uSlis axalgazrdebis iseT sagangaSo problemas rasac TviTmkvleloba ewodeba. swored rwmenaa is faqtori, romelic axali saSualebebis da miznebis karebs gagviRebs.

islamis mixedviT Cveni sicocxle Cvenze mobarebuli amanaTia da is RmerTma mogvabara. aseve Cvenze mobarebuli amanaTia Cveni sxeulic. am sxeulisa da sicocxlis dacva yoveli adamianisTvis didi movaleoba da pasuxismgeblobaa.

RmerTi, yuranis aiaTebSi kategoriulad gvikrZalavs TviTmkvlelobas. islamis swavlulebis azriT mviTmkvlelobis Camdeni adamiani morwmuned iTvleba Tu urwmunod gaurkvevelia da is RmerTsa da mis monas Soris arsebuli saidumloa. gamomdinare aqedan, islamis swavlulebis azriT TviTmkvlelobis Sedegad gardacvlili adamianis muslimTa sasaflaoze dasaflaveba SeiZleba da aseve SeiZleba micvalebulis namazis aRsrulebac.